UVeronika Janyrova
Kubukeka sengathi sithole iresiphi esebenzayo yokulwa nobunzima bokuzethemba nentando yeningi. Ukucaciswa okukhulu kumele kubuyise ukuzethemba okulahlekile kwinqubo yentando yeningi, izinhlangano zezepolitiki nosopolitiki. Ngakho-ke okungenani umugqa wokuphikisana womphakathi wase-Austrian.
Eqinisweni, ukubonakala komphakathi kanye nokubamba iqhaza kwentando yeningi kubukeka sengathi kube yindaba yokusinda ekubumbeni kwabantu banamuhla, njengoba ukungabi sobala kwezinqumo zezepolitiki nezinqubo kuthanda inkohlakalo yomphakathi, ukuphathwa kabi nokuphathwa kabi - ezingeni likazwelonke (Hypo, BuWoG, Telekom, njll.) Kanye nasezingeni lomhlaba jikelele (bona Izivumelwano zamahhala zokuhweba ezifana ne-TTIP, TiSA, CETA, njll.).
Ukuzimisela ngokubumbana kweDemokhrasi kungenzeka futhi uma ulwazi ngezinqumo zezepolitiki lukhona. Isibonelo, uDavid Walch wase-Attac Austria uthi ngalo mongo: "Ukufinyeleleka mahhala kwemininingwane nolwazi kuyisidingo esibalulekile sokubamba iqhaza. Ilungelo kuphela lolwazi lonke eliqinisekisa inqubo yeningi ebanzi ”.
Ukusobala komhlaba jikelele
Ngesidingo saso sokuba sobala ngokwengeziwe, umphakathi wase-Austrian uyingxenye yomnyakazo ophumelela kakhulu womhlaba jikelele. Kusukela ngeminyaka ye-1980, ngaphezu kwengxenye yamazwe omhlaba asemukele inkululeko yemithetho yolwazi ukunikeza izakhamizi ukufinyelela kumadokhumenti asemthethweni. Umgomo oshiwo "ukuqinisa ubuqotho, ukusebenza kahle, ukusebenza kahle, ukuziphendulela kanye nokuba semthethweni kokuphathwa komphakathi", njengoba kungabonakala, ngokwesibonelo, eMkhandlwini ovumelanayo waseYurophu we-2008. Futhi kwenye ingxenye yezifundazwe, kufaka phakathi i-Austria, kuya ngokuya kuba nzima ukufaka umthetho wokugcinwa kwezimfihlo ezisemthethweni (bheka ibhokisi lemininingwane).
Ukungafihli nokwethenjwa
Noma kunjalo, umbuzo uhlala ukuthi ngabe obala obala kudala ukudala ukwethenjwa. Kunobufakazi bokuthi ukuvela obala kudala ukungathembani okwamanje. Isibonelo, kunokuhlobana okuncane okungalungile phakathi kwekhwalithi yemithetho yenkululeko yolwazi, efana neCanada Center for Law and Democracy (CLD), kanye (non) nokuthembela ezikhungweni zezepolitiki, njengoba kuhlolwe yi-Transparency International Corruption Index ( bheka ithebula). UToby Mendel, uMqondisi oMkhulu weSikhungo Sezomthetho Nentando Yentando yeningi, uchaza lokhu kuhlangana okumangazayo ngale ndlela: "Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukungafihli lutho kuletha ulwazi mayelana nezikhalazo zomphakathi, eziqale zidale ukungathembani kubantu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, umthetho omuhle (ocacile) awuchazi nje ukuthi isiko lezepolitiki elibonakalayo. ”
Ukusebenzisana kwanamuhla kosopolitiki kubuye kuphakamise ukungabaza nge-mantra "iTransparency idala ukwethenjwa". Yize osopolitiki bengakaze babe sobala kangako kwizakhamizi, bahlangabezana nezinga elingakaze libonwe lokungathembani. Akudingeki nje kuphela ukuthi uqaphele abazingeli kanye nabashizi bamatshe, futhi kufanele ubhekane nezingxoxo nezingxoxo ezenziwa ngamaphoyisa uma ziguqula imiqondo yazo. Yini edala lokhu kwanda kosopolitiki? Ngabe bazoba ngcono?
Lokho nakho kuyangabaza. Kungacatshangwa ukuthi kuyo yonke inkulumo balindela ukusabela okunobutha futhi ngaleyo ndlela baqhubeke nokuthuthukisa ubuciko bokuthi bangasho lutho. Bazothatha izinqumo zenqubomgomo kude nezinhlaka (zezobala) zezinhlangano zezepolitiki futhi bazisebenzise kabi njengethuluzi lokuxhumana nomphakathi. Futhi bazosihlalisa ngolwazi olungenakho noma yiluphi ulwazi olunemininingwane. Ukuphathwa ngonya kosopolitiki kubuye kuphakamise umbuzo wokuthi yiziphi izimfanelo zomuntu umuntu anazo noma okufanele akhule ngazo ukuze abhekane nalokhu kucindezela. UPhilanthropy, uzwela kanye nesibindi sokuthembeka kuyaqabukela. Kuya ngokuya kungathandeki ukuthi abantu abanengqondo, abakhanyiselwe, nababoshwe izakhamuzi bayoke bangene kwezepolitiki. Okudale ukuthi ukungathembeki komoya kuguqukele phambili kancane.
Ukugqolozela izazi
Eqinisweni, sekukhishwa imisindo eminingi yokuxwayisa ngemiphumela emibi engafuneki ye-mandras esobala. Usosayensi wezepolitiki u-Ivan Krastev, i-Permanent Fellow esikhungweni i-Institute for the Science of Humanity (IMF) eVienna, ukhuluma nangokuthi "i-pachena mania" futhi uveza ukuthi "ukugeza abantu ngolwazi kuyindlela evivinyiwe futhi evamile yokubenza bangazi lutho". Ubuye abone nengozi yokuthi "ukufaka iningi lemininingwane kwinkulumompikiswano yomphakathi kuzowenza azibandakanye kakhulu futhi agudlise ukugxila ekubhekeni kwezakhamizi ekuziphatheni kwekhono labo endaweni eyodwa noma kwenye yenqubomgomo".
Ngokombono wokubukwa kukasolwazi wefilosofi u-Byung-Chul Han, ukucaca nokuthenjwa akunakubekezelelwa, ngoba "ukuthembela kungenzeka kuphela esimweni esiphakathi kolwazi nokungazi. Ukuzethemba kusho ukwakha ubuhlobo obuhle nomunye yize ungazani. [...] Lapho kuba sobala khona, akunandawo yokuthembela. Esikhundleni sokuthi 'ukuveza izinto obala kwakha ukwethenjwa', empeleni kufanele kusho ukuthi: 'Ukucacile kwenza ukwethenjwa' ".
KuVladimir Gligorov, isazi sefilosofi kanye nesazi sezomnotho eVienna Institute for International Economic Study (wiiw), ukubuswa ngentando yeningi kususelwa ekuthembeni: "Ama-Autocracies noma ama-aristocracies asuselwa ekuthembeni - ekungazinikeleni kwenkosi, noma isimilo esihle sababhishobhi. Kodwa-ke, isinqumo sasemlandweni sinjalo sokuthi le trust yasetshenziswa kabi. Ngaleyo ndlela-ke kwavela uhlelo lohulumeni besikhashana, abakhethiweyo, esilubiza ngentando yeningi. "
Mhlawumbe umuntu kufanele akhumbule kulomongo umgomo oyisisekelo wentando yeningi wethu: ukuthi, "amasheke nokulinganisa". Ukulawulwa okuhambisanayo kwezinhlangano zomthethosisekelo zombuso ngakolunye uhlangothi, kanye nezakhamizi ngokumelene nohulumeni wazo kwesinye - ngokwesibonelo kungenzeka ukuthi zivote. Ngaphandle kwalesi simiso sentando yeningi, esenziwe ngendlela yasendulo saya ekuKhanyisweni saba yizifunda zaseNtshonalanga, ukuhlukaniswa kwamandla ngeke kusebenze. Ukungathembani okuphilayo ngakho-ke akuyona into eyingqayizivele nentando yeningi, kodwa uphawu lwekhwalithi.
Photo / Video: Ugogo.
