Ukwephula umthetho ukunyakaza kwemvelo

Umbhikisho wesimo sezulu omkhulu kunayo yonke emlandweni usabalele umhlaba wonke. Abanye babona okuyintando yeningi ephilayo kwabanye njengosongo ekuphepheni kwezwe.

Okwenzeke emigwaqweni cishe umhlaba wonke selokhu isiteleka sezulu sokuqala sango-1 safana nokuzamazama komhlaba komhlaba wonke. Emazweni alinganiselwa ku-2019, abantu abaphakathi kuka-150 no-6 million bakhombise ubulungiswa besimo sezulu emhlabeni jikelele. Futhi kuhlelwa eminye imiboniso. Umbhikisho omkhulu wesimo sezulu emlandweni, uma kungenjalo umbhikisho omkhulu kunayo yonke emlandweni oqhubekayo njengamanje.

Kuyamangaza ukuthi imibhikisho kuze kube manje ibe nokuthula okumangazayo. EParis ngoSepthemba 2019 balinganiselwa ku-150 ababhikishi abansundu abamnyama abahlanganiswe nababhikishi abangama-40.000 noma ngaphezulu bazama ukuvusa umbhikisho wesimo sezulu. Ukuphuka kwamafasitela, ukushisa ama-e-scooter, izitolo eziphangiwe kanye nokuboshwa okungaphezu kwekhulu kwaba umphumela.

U-Okthoba 2019 wayeneziyaluyalu kancane kunenethiwekhi yesimo sezulu Ukuhlubuka Okuqothulayo ubephethe inxanxathela yezitolo endaweni yase-13th eningizimu yeParis. Kuboshwe “amavukelambuso” angama-280 embukisweni obuseLondon ngemuva kokuzifaka ngamaketanga ezimotweni ezivimba izimoto. Cishe abantu abangu-4.000 bakhombisile eBerlin futhi bavimba nomgwaqo. Lapho ababhikishi babethathwe ngamaphoyisa noma ithrafikhi yavele yaphambukiswa.

Abaqapheli, izishoshovu zesimo sezulu!

Kusuka kulezi zehlakalo, isiteshi sethelevishini saseMelika iFoxNews siphothule lo mbiko "Iqembu lezishoshovu zesimo sezulu esibi kakhulu likhubaze izingxenye zeLondon, France ne Germany". Bazophoqa ngenkani osopolitiki ukuthi banciphise ukukhishwa kwamagesi abamba ukushisa. Kepha akuyona iFox News nje kuphela, i-FBI nayo iyazi ukuthi ingazichaza kanjani izishoshovu zemvelo zenze ubugebengu. Ubeke lesi sakamuva njengosongo lwamaphekula iminyaka. I-Guardian isanda kuveza uphenyo lobuphekula olwenziwe yi-FBI olubhekiswe kuzishoshovu zemvelo zase-US ezinokuthula. Ngokuqondana nalokho, lolu phenyo lwenzeka kakhulu ngonyaka we-2013-2014, lapho babhikishela ipayipi likawoyela laseCanada-American uKeystone XL.

E-Great Britain, ngokwesibonelo, izishoshovu ezintathu zezemvelo ezabhikishela ukukhiqizwa kwegesi ephuma shale lapho zigwetshwe izigwebo ezinqala. Lezi zishoshovu ezisencane zigwetshwe izinyanga eziyi-16 kuya kwezingu-18 ejele ngokudala uthuthuva emphakathini ngemuva kokugibela amaloli aseCuadrilla. Kwenzeka lokhu nje, le nkampani ibisanda kukhokhela izwe ama- $ 253 million ukuthola ilayisense yokukhipha igesi ephuma emanzini.

Inhlangano ezimele yase-United States i-Global Witness izwakalise ukuxwayisa ngenhlangano yezemvelo ehlobo lika-2019. Kubhalwe ukubulawa okungu-164 kwezishoshovu zemvelo emhlabeni wonke ngo-2018, ngaphezu kwengxenye yazo eLatin America. Kukhona nemibiko yezinye izishoshovu ezingenakubalwa ezithuliswe ukuboshwa, ukusongelwa ngokubulawa, ukumangalelwa ezinkantolo kanye nemikhankaso yokugconwa. I-NGO ixwayisa ngokuthi ukwenziwa ubugebengu kwezishoshovu zomhlaba kanye nezemvelo akugcini nje kuphela eningizimu yomhlaba wonke: "Emhlabeni jikelele kunobufakazi bokuthi ohulumeni nezinkampani basebenzisa izinkantolo nezinhlelo zomthetho njengezinsiza zokucindezela labo abangena endleleni yezinhlaka zabo namandla kanye nezintshisekelo zabo". EHungary, umthetho uze wanciphisa ngisho namalungelo ama-NGO.

Ingcindezelo nokwenziwa ubugebengu kubeka engcupheni enkulu inhlangano yezemvelo. Ngisho nokuhlanjalazwa esidlangalaleni kwezishoshovu zemvelo ngokuthi "ama-eco-anarchists", "amaphekula ezemvelo" noma "ukuhlukumezeka kwesimo sezulu ngaphezu kwanoma yiziphi izinto ezingokoqobo" kubhuntshise ukwesekwa komphakathi nokujeziswa okusemthethweni.
Uprofesa kanye nomcwaningi wezingxabano uJacquelien van Stekelenburg wase-University of Amsterdam akakwazi - ngaphandle komonakalo othile empahleni - ukuthola ubudlova obuvela enhlanganweni yesimo sezulu. Ngokombono wabo, kubalulekile ukuthi izwe ngokuvamile linamasiko okubhikisha asezikhungweni nokuthi abahleli ngokwabo banobungcweti kangakanani: “ENetherlands, abahleli babika imibhikisho yabo emaphoyiseni ngaphambi kwesikhathi bese belungisa inqubo bendawonye. Ingcuphe yokuthi imibhikisho ingalawuleki incane kakhulu. "

Amahlaya, ukuxhumana nezinkantolo

Amahlaya abukeka eyisikhali esithandwayo phakathi kwezishoshovu zemvelo. Cabanga ngemikhomo emikhulu yaseGreenpeace phambi kwendlunkulu ye-OMV. Noma umkhankaso we-Global 2000 othi "Sithukuthele", oqukethe ukusabalalisa izithombe wedwa ngobuso obumuncu kwezokuxhumana. Ukuvukela kwe-Extinction akunakuphikwa namahlaya nawo. Ngemuva kwakho konke, babeka amabhodwe ezimbali, osofa, amatafula, izihlalo futhi - okokugcina - umkhumbi owenziwe ngokhuni eBerlin ukuvimba ukuhamba kwezimoto.

Kunoma ikuphi, isigaba esilandelayo sokukhuphuka kombhikisho wesimo sezulu sibonakala senzeka ezingeni lomthetho kuleli. Ngemuva kokumenyezelwa kwesimo sezulu e-Austria, kwalethwa Greenpeace I-Austria kanye NgoLwesihlanu Ngekusasa icala lokuqala lesimo sezulu eliphambi kweNkantolo yoMthethosisekelo ngenhloso yokuchitha imithetho elimaza isimo sezulu - njengomthethonqubo weTempo 140 noma ukukhululwa kwentela kaphalafini. EJalimane, futhi, iGreenpeace isebenzisa izikhali ezisemthethweni futhi isanda kuzuza okungenani impumelelo encane. EFrance, icala elifanayo laphumelela ngo-2021.

Kunoma ikuphi, i-Global 2000 ibona izinyathelo ezilandelayo ekugqugquzeleni, ekuxhumaneni nabantu nasezandleni: "Sizokwenza konke okusemandleni ukuphikelela ekuvikelweni kwesimo sezulu, kufaka phakathi imikhankaso, izikhalazo, ukusebenza kwabezindaba futhi uma kungenjalo lokho okusizayo, sizobheka nezinyathelo zomthetho , "kusho umkhankaso uJohannes Wahlmüller.

Izinhlelo zika-Allianz "Ukushintshwa kwesistimu, hhayi ukuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu", Lapho kuhlanganiswe khona izinhlangano ezingaphezu kuka-130, izinhlangano kanye nezinhlelo zenhlangano yezemvelo yase-Austrian, ziphinde zinikeze lokhu okulandelayo:" Sizoqhubeka nokufaka ingcindezi ezenzweni zethu futhi sabona izinsika zezombusazwe zase-Austrian ezingalungile njengepolitiki indawo yokwamukela izimoto nezimboni zezindiza. "kudlale indima enkulu ekuvukeleni kweYurophu kwezobulungiswa bezulu" By2020WeRiseUp ".
Okokugcina, uLwesihlanu Lwekusasa uzibona njengenhlangano engenabudlova enqume, imibhikisho yayo emhlabeni wonke isuselwa ezimisweni zeJemez zezinhlelo zentando yeningi. Lokhu nakho kusikhumbuza kakhulu ngeWoodstock kunanoma yiluphi uhlobo lwamandla okwenza radicalization.

Kunoma ikuphi, abukho ubufakazi bodlame noma ukuzimisela ukusebenzisa udlame enhlanganweni yezemvelo yase-Austrian. Lokhu akuqinisekiswanga ngombiko wokuvikelwa komthethosisekelo, lapho kungashiwo khona ngokusongelwa yizishoshovu zemvelo. Okuncane njengombiko wobuphekula we-Europol. Ngisho ne-Extinction Rebellion, okusolakala ukuthi izimisele ngokusebenzisa ubudlova ngokuphindaphindiwe kuholela ekuqageleni, kwasuswa noma iziphi izixuku eziyingozi yi-ejensi yokuvikela umthethosisekelo waseJalimane. Esitatimendeni sakamuva, imemezele ukuthi abukho ubufakazi bokuthi izoba yinhlangano eyeqisayo.

Sekukonke, eYurophu - kufaka phakathi i-Austria - amazwi angawodwa angazwakala eqagela ngokuhleleka okungenzeka kwenhlangano yezemvelo, kepha lokhu akunabudlelwano nobukhulu bangempela bokunyakaza. Futhi amandla odlame aqhamukayo awahlobene nakancane nalokho okubangelwa ukwehluleka kwale nhlangano, okungukuthi, ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu uqobo kanye nemiphumela yako.

Iphuzu lokubilisa

Emazweni asathuthuka nasanda kuthuthukiswa, sekuyabonakala manje ukuthi ukuqhuma kwezimo zezulu ezedlulele, ukusweleka kwamanzi, isomiso nokusweleka kokudla ngakolunye uhlangothi kungaba kanjani izinhlaka zezombusazwe ezikhohlakele. Ngokufanayo, ukukhula kungalindeleka kuphela kuleli uma ukwethembela ezikhungweni zentando yeningi kubhujiswe ngokuphelele nokusweleka kwezinsizakusebenza.

Ekugcineni, kuleli zwe, izinga lentando yeningi liyisici esinqumayo sokuphumelela noma ukwehluleka kokunyakaza kwesimo sezulu. Ekugcineni, ithatha isinqumo sokuthi ababhikishi bayathathwa yini ngamaphoyisa noma baboshwe, ukuthi ngabe amaphrojekthi amakhulu wokwakha enziwa ngokubamba iqhaza kwezakhamizi noma ngaphandle kwazo nokuthi ohulumeni bangavotelwa yini ngaphandle kwezikhundla. Ngokufanelekile, inhlangano yezemvelo izosiza osopolitiki ukuthi bazikhulule ezinkingeni zamakhasimende.

Amazinga ayisihlanu wokwenza ubugebengu bomhlaba nokunyakaza kwemvelo

Imikhankaso kaSmear namaqhinga okwehlisa isithunzi
Imikhankaso yobububi namasu okwehlisa isithunzi ezinkundleni zokuxhumana aveza abezemvelo njengamalungu ezigilamkhuba zobugebengu, abashokobezi noma amaphekula ayisongo ekuphepheni kwezwe. Lawa maqhinga futhi avame ukuqiniswa yinkulumo enenzondo enobandlululo.

Amacala obugebengu
Abezemvelo nezinhlangano zabo bavame ukusolwa ngamacala angacacile afana nokuthi "ukuphazamisa ukuhleleka komphakathi", "ukungena ngokungemthetho", "uzungu", "ukuphoqa" noma "ukugqugquzela". Ukumenyezelwa kwesimo esiphuthumayo kuvame ukusetshenziselwa ukucindezela imibhikisho enokuthula.

Ukugunyazwa kokuboshwa
Iziqinisekiso zokuboshwa zikhishwa kaninginingi naphezu kobufakazi obubuthakathaka noma obungaqinisekisiwe. Kwesinye isikhathi abantu abashiwo kuyo, okuholela ekutheni iqembu lonke noma umphakathi ubekwe icala lobugebengu. Iziqinisekiso zokuboshwa zivame ukuhlala zilindile, okushiya abamangalelwa besengozini yokuboshwa njalo.

Ukuboshwa ngokungemthetho ngaphambi kokuqulwa kwecala
Umshushisi uhlinzeka ngokuboshwa ngaphambi kokuqulwa kwecala okungahlala iminyaka eminingana. Izishoshovu zomhlaba kanye nezemvelo kaningi azikwazi ukukhokhela usizo lwezomthetho noma otolika benkantolo. Uma bekhululwa, abavamile ukunxeshezelwa.

Ukwenza ubugebengu ngobuningi
Izinhlangano zokuvikela imvelo bekufanele zikhuthazelele ukubhekwa ngokungemthetho, ukugasela noma ukuhlaselwa kwabahlaseli, okwaholela ekubhalisweni nasekulawulweni kwezezimali kwabo kanye namalungu abo. Izinhlangano zomphakathi kanye nabameli bazo bahlaselwe ngokomzimba, baboshwa futhi babulawa nokubulawa.

Qaphela: UFakazi Womhlaba Wonke ubelokhu eqopha amacala emhlabeni wonke lapho izinhlangano zasemakhaya nezemvelo kanye nabantu bomdabu bebe necala iminyaka engu-26. Lawa macala akhombisa ukufana okuthile, okufingqiwe kula mazinga amahlanu. Umthombo: globalwitness.org

Photo / Video: Ugogo.