U-Alexandra Binder
a Umthetho Wokuthengiselanaejezisa ukwephulwa kwamalungelo abantu kanye nokucekelwa phansi kwemvelo yizinkampani? Ayisekho emehlweni. Isinxephezelo phambi kwezinkantolo zaseYurophu? Ukucabanga okufisayo kusala inqobo nje uma izinhlangano zamabhizinisi zisebenza ngaphansi kwesicathulo sokubambisana ukuze kudilizwe imithetho ehleliwe.
Umdlavuza, ukukhwehlela, ukungazali. Izakhamuzi zaseChilean Arica zihlushwa yilokhu. Kusukela inkampani yensimbi yaseSweden iBoliden yathumela amathani angu-20.000 XNUMX emfucumfucu onobuthi lapho futhi yakhokhela inkampani yasendaweni ngokuyiphatha okokugcina. Inkampani yashabalala. I-arsenic evela kudoti yasala. Abantu base-Arica bakhononda. Futhi flash off phambi kwenkantolo Swedish. Kabili - naphezu kokugxekwa yi-UN Human Rights Council.
Icala elingalodwa? Ngeshwa, cha. U-Alejandro García no-Esteban Christopher Patz abavela ku- I-European Coalition for Corporate Justice (I-ECCJ) isanda kuphenya amacala angu-22 amacala omphakathi ngokumelene nezinkampani ze-EU zokwephulwa kwamalungelo abantu kanye nokuphulwa kwemvelo phesheya ekuhlaziyeni kwabo "uGoliyathi uyakhononda". Babili kuphela kubamangali abangu-22 abahlulelwa ngokusemthethweni - izakhamuzi zase-Arica zazingekho phakathi kwabo. Akekho noyedwa ummangali onikezwe isinxephezelo.
Kungani kunje? “Amacala avame ukuqulwa ngaphansi komthetho wezwe okwenzeka kulo umonakalo hhayi ngaphansi komthetho wekomkhulu labazali noma inkampani eholayo,” kusho uGarcia. Kwenzeka lokhu nje, iqoqo labantu livamise ukulimala - kungakhathalekile ukuthi ukuwa kwemboni noma ukungcoliswa komfula. “Kodwa-ke, izinhlelo zomthetho zikazwelonke azivumeli ngaso sonke isikhathi inani elikhulu labamangali ukuthi lifune ngokuhlanganyela izicelo zomonakalo.” Futhi ekugcineni, kunezinsuku eziwumnqamulajuqu. "Kwesinye isikhathi iba unyaka owodwa kuphela ukuze kutholwe izimangalo zezenzo ezihlukumezayo." Kusobala ukuthi izinkampani azinantshisekelo ekugunyazweni kusenesikhathi komthetho we-supply chain ezingeni le-EU.
I-Supply Chain Act vs. Izindawo zokungcebeleka: Ukusebenzisana njengeqhinga
"Izikhohlisayo ikakhulukazi lezo zinhlangano zezohwebo okuthi, ngaphansi kwesibhaxu sokubambisana, ziqinisekise ukuthi imithethonqubo ehleliwe iyadalulwa," kusho uRachel Tansey, ochaze amaqhinga ama-lobbyists endabeni yomthetho we-supply chain ekuhlaziyeni kwe-ECCJ "Fine Out". Eqinisweni, azikho izinhlangano ezimbalwa zokuhweba ezisebenza ngokuqhubekayo futhi ezisekela umsebenzi osemthethweni wokunakekela. Lokhu kufaka phakathi i-AIM, ngokwesibonelo, okwathi ngo-2019 yachitha ama-euro angama-400.000 ekunxenxeni abantu e-EU.
I-AIM, i-Coca-Cola, i-Danone, i-Mars, i-Mondelez, i-Nestlé, i-Nike ne-Unilever engamalungu, ikhuthaza amathuluzi ezombusazwe akhuthaza izinkampani ukuthi zihloniphe amalungelo abantu. Umuntu angathanda futhi ukubona umthwalo wemfanelo wokuhlonipha amalungelo abantu “ngaphandle kobubanzi besibopho esingokomthetho”. Uma ifakiwe, abameli be-AIM babakhawulela “ekwephuleni amalungelo abantu okungathi sína”. U-Tansey uthi, “Inguqulo yomthetho ekhethwa yi-AIM ngeke ibambe amalungu ayo aziphendulele ngokuhlukumeza amalungelo abantu. Kodwa-ke, uma isikweletu singeke sigwenywe, inketho elandelayo engcono kakhulu ngeke idlulele kulo lonke uchungechunge lwenani lenkampani. ”Noma ukusebenzisa amagama enhlangano engaphikiswa kakhokho:“ Izinkampani kufanele zinikwe amandla ukuze zidalule ubungozi kumaketanga azo wokuhlinzeka ngaphandle kokuthi sikhathazeke ngokukhuphuka kwengozi yesikweletu. "
Ama-lobbies: Izinyathelo zokuzithandela njengekhava
Bese kuba namaqembu okwamukela amabhizinisi afana ne-CSR Europe. Inhloso yabo, nokho, ukusebenzisa izinhlelo zokuzibophezela komphakathi ngokuzithandela njengekhava. Amalungu alo amaningi awawazi nhlobo emahlazweni aphathelene namalungelo abantu kanye nemvelo uma ucabanga nge-VW - ihlazo lokuqeda amandla, kusho uTansey. Eqinisweni, kusukela ngo-December 2020, iqembu labavakashi lamemezela isidingo “sokufaka phakathi umsebenzi osuvele wenziwe yizinkampani.” Ngaphezu kwalokho, kugcizelelwa ukubaluleka “kokuthuthukisa izindinganiso” ezisuka ngezansi futhi umbono uthi “ukuthi Ikhomishini idinga ukwethenjwa embonini. akukho ukumiswa okuqondisiwe ”. Le nhlangano iphinde isho ngokusobala ukuthi i-CSR Europe empeleni icabangani uma kukhulunywa nge-supply chain: "Izisusa ezisekelayo" zezinkampani kanye nezingxoxo ezintsha nezimboni zaseYurophu. Ekugcineni, kukholakala ukuthi impumelelo "izoncika kakhulu ekubambisaneni komkhakha wangasese waseYurophu."
Izimo ezilinganayo zawo wonke umuntu?
Izinhlangano zokwamukela izicelo zikazwelonke zamazwe lapho sekunomthetho we-supply chain okwamanje azisebenzi. Okokuqala nokubalulekile, lawa amaFulentshi. Lapho kufanele ubhekane nombuzo wokuthi ngabe umthetho we-EU ozayo kufanele uhambisane nokazwelonke noma ngokuphambene nalokho. Ngenhlangano yase-France yokunxenxa abantu i-AFEP, kucacile: ukuqondanisa, yebo, kodwa okuhlotshaniswa nakho, sicela unciphise owayo umthetho. “Kunjalo,” kusho uTansey: “EBrussels, indawo yokwamukela izivakashi yezinkampani ezinkulu zaseFrance isebenzela ukubukela phansi isiphakamiso somthetho saseYurophu esinezifiso futhi iphishekela izinhlinzeko ezibuthakathaka kunaseFrance.” Kodwa akukhona lokho kuphela Ukukhuthala okufanelekile akufanele kuhlanganise nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu. Iqiniso lokuthi inkampani iTotal isebhodini le-AFEP akuseyona into eyenzeke ngengozi. Ngendlela, umsebenzi wokunxenxa we-AFEP ubiza kakhulu: ngokusho kolwazi lwayo, kubiza ama-euro ayizigidi eziyi-1,25 ngonyaka.
Iziphazamiso zama-lobbies
Inhlangano yezamabhizinisi yaseDutch i-VNO-NCW kanye nezinhlangano zamabhizinisi zaseJalimane ekugcineni zifakazela ukuthi kungasebenza kanjani ukudukisa. Owangaphambili ukhulume ekhaya ukuthi umthetho we-supply chain uzovuna kuphela ezingeni le-EU, kodwa hhayi kuzwelonke. E-Brussels, noma kunjalo, iphrojekthi ichazwa ngokuthi "ayinakwenzeka" futhi "i-draconian."
Ngaleso sikhathi, ozakwabo baseJalimane bakwazile ukwenza buthaka umthetho we-national supply chain. Manje bazama ukwenza okufanayo eBrussels. Ngenxa yawo wonke la maqhinga, kusele ithemba elilodwa kuphela, uTansey alibeka ngokuqapha: "Ukuthi abaholi bezombangazwe bangangeni ogibeni lokuthola indawo ephakathi eyamukelekayo phakathi kwamabhuleki nezinkampani ezibonakala 'zakhayo'."
ULWAZI: Amaqhinga amanje wendawo yokwamukela amabhizinisi
Isidingo semithethonqubo 'yepragmatic' kanye 'nokungenzeka'
Kugxilwe “ekukhuthazweni okuhle” kwezinkampani ukuthi zenze okulungile futhi zihlose ukugwema noma isiphi isibopho, okungukuthi, imiphumela engathi sína ezinkampanini ezihileleke ekuhlukunyezweni kwamalungelo abantu. Yonke le nto ihlanganiswe ngamagama azwakalayo anjengokuthi: ukukhathazeka mayelana "nokwanda kwengozi yokumangalelwa", "izinsolo ezingenangqondo" kanye "nokungaqiniseki okusemthethweni". Ngemuva kwalokhu isifiso sokukhawulela umsebenzi wokunakekela ukuqondisa abahlinzeki benkampani, okungukuthi isigaba sokuqala sochungechunge lwenani lomhlaba. Umonakalo omningi awuwelanga lapho. Izimangalo ezingokomthetho zababuthaka zizophelelwa yisikhathi.
Ukuphusha kwezinyathelo zokuzithandela ze-CSR
Ngokuvamile lezi sezivele zikhona - ziqaliswe yimboni, zingasebenzi ngokuphelele futhi zenza isinyathelo somthetho sidingeke kwasekuqaleni.
Ukulinganisa inkundla yokudlala
Ngaphansi kwesiqubulo esithi “inkundla yokudlala esezingeni”, abagqugquzeli bebhizinisi baseFrance - iFrance isivele inomthetho we-supply chain - njengamanje icindezela ukuthi kulinganiselwa umthetho we-EU ongaphansi kwezinga lawo.
Ukukhohlisa
EJalimane naseNetherlands, izinhlangano zamabhizinisi ziphikisana neziphakamiso zazo zomthetho ezishibhile futhi zikhuthaza isisombululo se-EU. Ezingeni le-EU, bese bezama ukwenza buthaka futhi babukele phansi lolu hlaka olufanayo.
Photo / Video: Ugogo.
