Option
IKhomishana ye-EU ifuna ukuqeda imithetho efakazelwe yokuhlola ubungozi, izinqubo zokugunyazwa kanye nezidingo zokulebula zeningi lezitshalo "zobunjiniyela bofuzo olusha". Lokho bekuyoba ukuphela kokusobala nenkululeko yokuzikhethela. Amazwe angamalungu akufanele esakwazi ukuvimbela ukutshalwa kwezitshalo "zobunjiniyela bezakhi zofuzo ezintsha".
Ngomhla ka-5 kuJulayi, iKhomishini ye-EU ihlose ukubeka isiphakamiso sokubuyekezwa kwemithetho yezofuzo yaseYurophu, esivele ihlehlisiwe izikhathi eziningana, etafuleni. Uhlaka lokuqala oluputshuziwe luye lwatholakala kusukela ngesonto eledlule - lapho, nokho, ukushiyeka okubalulekile kanye nobuthakathaka obugxekwa yi-EU Committee for Regulatory Scrutiny (Regulatory Scrutiny Board) ngo-Ephreli walo nyaka akukakalungiswa. Uma le nguqulo ibizosetshenziswa, ingxenye enkulu yokudla nokudla okukhiqizwa kusetshenziswa izinqubo “zobunjiniyela bofuzo obusha” (njenge-CRISPR/Cas) bekungeke kusadingeka ukuthi kufakwe ilebula. Ukuhlola ubungozi besayensi, ukulandeleka kanye nezinqubo zokugunyazwa nakho kuzoqedwa. Inqubo yokubika kuphela - ububanzi nekhwalithi engachazwanga - kanye nokulebula kwembewu kuyodingeka.
Ukuthambisa kwemithetho ekhona yobunjiniyela bezakhi zofuzo kufanele kusebenze kuzo zonke izitshalo "ezivela emvelweni noma ezingakhiqizwa ngokuzalanisa okuvamile" - okusho ukuthi iningi lezitshalo "zobunjiniyela bezakhi zofuzo" ezingangena emakethe. Kodwa-ke, incazelo yezitshalo ezinjalo ekuhlakanipheni ihlala ingenangqondo futhi noma yini kodwa izwakala ngokwesayensi. Ngokwesiphakamiso, izitshalo ezisele ze-"Neue Gentechnik" kufanele ziqhubeke zilebulwe kanjalo, kodwa kufanele futhi zibe nelebula lokusimama elingabazekayo.
I-EU Commission ibeka engozini inzuzo yokuncintisana ngokunganaki
“Uhlaka lwamanje lweKhomishana lubhakiwe futhi luyaphikisana. Akulona neze ithuluzi lokukhiqiza ukudla okuzinzile, kodwa, uma sibhekisisa, kuwukubukela phansi ukulima nokukhiqizwa kokudla okungekho GMO, okube yimpumelelo enkulu eYurophu. Ngokwenza kanjalo, iKhomishana ye-EU ibeka engozini inzuzo enkulu yokuncintisana yabalimi, abakhiqizi nabathengisi e-Europe, abamele umhlaba wonke ukukhiqizwa kwekhwalithi yamahhala ye-GMO, ngenxa yentshisekelo yabadlali abambalwa. I-Austria, njengephayona elise-Europe lonke ngokudla okungenazo i-GMO, izothinteka ikakhulukazi,” kuchaza uFlorian Faber, uMqondisi Ophethe we-ARGE Gentechnik-frei trade association. E-Austria kuphela, inzuzo yonyaka ngokudla okungeyona i-GMO emkhakheni ojwayelekile izungeze ama-euro ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-2,5; esigabeni sezinto eziphilayo enye inzuzo elinganiselwa ku-2 billion euros ifinyelelwa. Ngo-2022, cishe ama-euro ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-16 athengiswa "Ohne Gentechnik" ngezitolo zaseJalimane.
Izidingo ezingafanele neziphikisanayo zokulebula
Uhlaka lubeka ukuthi ukusetshenziswa "kobunjiniyela obusha bezakhi zofuzo" ekulimeni okuphilayo kuyohlala kunqatshelwe. Nokho: Lokhu kungaqinisekiswa kanjani futhi ngaziphi izindleko ngaphandle kwesibopho sokulebula esiqiniswe ngokusemthethweni kanye nokulandelelwa komkhondo kuhlala kungacacile ngokuphelele ohlakeni. Ngokufanayo, imibuzo eyinhloko yokuphilisana, okungukuthi, ukuhlalisana "kobunjiniyela bezakhi zofuzo" kanye "ngaphandle kobunjiniyela bezakhi zofuzo" - lokhu kufanele kucaciswe amazwe angamalungu. Kodwa-ke, akufanele kusaba khona ukuvimbela ukutshalwa kwalezi zitshalo "zobunjiniyela bezakhi zofuzo" kuzwelonke ("khetha ukuphuma").
“Ikhomishana ye-EU ayikwazi futhi akufanele ihlukane nalolu hlelo olubhidlikile. Lokho kuyobe kuphambene ngokuphelele nalokho okufunwa ngabathengi, futhi kungabulala ngokwezomnotho. Akekho owuqondayo umehluko phakathi kobunjiniyela bezakhi zofuzo obudinga ukulebula nobuchwepheshe bofuzo obungakwenzi lokho. Ukukhiqizwa kwe-GMO kanye nemvelo kushiywe ngokuphelele emvuleni ngalo mklamo. Phela, kufanele baqinisekise kanjani esikhathini esizayo ukuthi akukho unjiniyela wezakhi zofuzo ongena emikhiqizweni yabo uma i-EU Commission idela ukulebula ngaleyo ndlela kube sobala nenkululeko yokuzikhethela?” kusho uFlorian Faber.
Inqubo yezepolitiki iyaqala manje
Isiphakamiso sisengashintsha ngaphambi kokwethulwa okuhleliwe ngoJulayi 5. Kungaleso sikhathi kuphela lapho inqubo yezombangazwe iqala khona, lokho okubizwa nge-trialogue, lapho kungase kube khona izinguquko ezengeziwe futhi ekugcineni iPhalamende LaseYurophu kanye nohulumeni kazwelonke kuyodingeka bavumelane. Kunoma yikuphi, okusalungiswa okutholakalayo njengamanje, okuputshuziwe sekuvele kuhlangatshezwane nokugxekwa okunzima okuvela emnothweni ongaguquki ngofuzo, ama-NGO kanye nezinhlangano eziphilayo.
Photo / Video: Lokhu kungubunjiniyela be-RAEng ku-Unsplah.
