Helmut Melzer
IPalamente ye-EU kutshanje ipasise umyalelo omtsha we-EU obonelela ngokufihlwa kwerhafu kumaqumrhu (ingxelo yelizwe loluntu jikelele). Nangona kunjalo, ngokukaDavid Walch ovela e-Attac Ostriya: “Umyalelo we-EU wokungafihli ngakumbi kwerhafu kumaqumrhu uye wathotywa ukutyhubela iminyaka ziinkampani ezifuna inkxaso. Ngoko ke ihleli ingasebenzi. Ngelishwa, isilungiso ebesinokuphucula kakhulu lo myalelo sakhatywa. ”
Lo myalelo umisela ukuba iinkampani zamazwe ngamazwe kufuneka zipapashe kuphela iinkcukacha ezivela kumazwe e-EU nakumazwe ambalwa adweliswe yi-EU. Yonke eminye imisebenzi yeqela yehlabathi ishiywe ngaphandle kwaye ke ayibonakali ngokupheleleyo. U-Walch ulumkisa ngelithi iinkampani ngoku zizakutshintshela ngakumbi iingeniso zazo ziye kwiindawo ezingacacanga ngaphandle kwe-EU ukuze zithintele iimfuno zokubhengeza.
Kuphela iinkampani ezimbalwa kufuneka zipapashe inani elincinci ledatha
Olunye ubuthathaka obukhulu besivumelwano kukuba kuphela loo mashishini athe athengisa ngaphezu kwe-750 yezigidi ze-euro kwiminyaka emibini elandelelanayo anyanzelekile ukuba ahlawule ngakumbi irhafu. Nangona kunjalo, malunga neepesenti ezingama-90 zawo onke amaqumrhu ezizwe ngezizwe aziyi kuchaphazeleka kwaphela.
Kuyadanisa kwakhona ukuba iimfuno zokunika ingxelo zishiya idatha ebalulekileyo - ngakumbi iintengiselwano ze-intra-group. Kodwa ayisiyiyo yonke loo nto: iinkampani zinokulibazisa izibophelelo zokunika ingxelo ngokubona kwazo ukuya kuthi ga kwiminyaka emi-5 ngenxa "yokungalungi kwezoqoqosho". Amava ngesibophelelo sokunika ingxelo esele sikhona kwiibhanki abonisa ukuba zisebenzisa kakhulu.
Uphononongo lubonisa intswela-bulungisa yerhafu
Isifundo esitsha esivela Inethiwekhi yoBulungisa beRhafu, Public Services International kunye neGlobal Alliance for Tax Justice ibalwe ukuba amazwe alahlekelwa yi-US$483 yebhiliyoni minyaka le ngokusetyenziswa kakubi kwerhafu ngamaqumrhu ezizwe ngezizwe (iibhiliyoni ezingama-312 zeerandi) kunye nezityebi (iibhiliyoni ezili-171 zeerandi). Kwi-Austria, isifundo sibala ilahleko ephantse ibe yi-1,7 yeebhiliyoni zeedola (malunga ne-1,5 yezigidigidi zee-euro).
Leyo yincam nje ye-iceberg: ngokutsho kwe-IMF, ilahleko yerhafu engathanga ngqo evela kumaqumrhu iphezulu ngokuphindwe kathathu njengoko ingeniso yabo yokutshintsha izibaso ezilahlwayo kumaxabiso erhafu. Iyonke ilahleko evela ekutshintsheni inzuzo yeshishini ingaba ngaphezulu kwe-1 yetriliyoni yeedola kwihlabathi jikelele. I-Tax Justice Network's Miroslav Palanský: "Sibona kuphela into engaphezulu, kodwa siyazi ukuba ukusetyenziswa kakubi kwerhafu kungaphezulu kakhulu ngaphantsi."
Amazwe atyebileyo e-OECD anoxanduva lokungahlawuli irhafu engaphezulu kwekota yehlabathi, amaqumrhu kunye nezityebi besebenzisa imithetho yabo yerhafu, ethanda ukusetyenziswa kakubi. Awona maxhoba aphambili koku ngamazwe anengeniso ephantsi, afumana ilahleko enkulu ngokwemilinganiselo. Ngelixa amazwe e-OECD ebumba le mithetho yerhafu yehlabathi, amazwe ahlwempuzekileyo akanalo nelincinane ilizwi ekutshintsheni ezi zikhalazo.
Photo / Ividiyo: Shutterstock.
