Iingxelo phambi kwenkomfa yemozulu yehlabathi-ithemba eliqaqambileyo, kodwa kusekuninzi ekufuneka kwenziwe

nguRenate Christ

Ngaphambi kwenkomfa yemozulu eSharm El Sheikh, iingxelo ezibalulekileyo ezivela kwimibutho ye-UN zapapashwa kwiintsuku ezimbalwa zokugqibela, njengakwiminyaka edlulileyo. Kuyathenjwa ukuba oku kuya kuthathelwa ingqalelo kwiingxoxo. 

INGXELO YOMHLABA WE-UNEP EMISSIONS 2022

Ingxelo yeGap yeMisitho yeNkqubo ye-UN yokusiNgqongileyo (UNEP) ihlalutya isiphumo semilinganiselo yangoku kunye negalelo elikhoyo lesizwe (iNationally Determined Contributions, i-NDC) kwaye izinikezele kunciphiso lokukhutshwa kwerhasi yegreenhouse (GHG) eyimfuneko ekufezekiseni i-1,5° Ithagethi yeC okanye i-2°C iyimfuneko, ngokuchaseneyo. Le ngxelo ikwahlalutya imilinganiselo kumacandelo ahlukeneyo afanelekileyo ukuvala esi "gap". 

Eyona datha ibalulekileyo yile ilandelayo: 

• Kuphela ngamanyathelo angoku, ngaphandle kokuthathela ingqalelo i-NDC, ukukhutshwa kwe-GHG ye-2030 GtCO58e ekulindeleke ngo-2 kunye nokufudumala kwe-2,8 ° C ekupheleni kwenkulungwane. 
• Ukuba zonke ii-NDC ezingenamiqathango ziphunyeziwe, ukufudumala kwe-2,6 ° C kunokulindeleka. Ngokuphumeza zonke ii-NDC, ezidityaniswe neemeko ezifana noncedo lwezemali, ukunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu kunokuncitshiswa ukuya kutsho kwi-2,4°C. 
• Ukuze kuncitshiswe ubushushu bube yi-1,5°C okanye i-2°C, izinto ezikhutshwayo ngo-2030 zinokufikelela kuphela kuma-33 GtCO2e okanye ama-41 GtCO2e. Nangona kunjalo, izinto ezikhutshwayo ezivela kwi-NDC yangoku ngama-23 GtCO2e okanye 15 GtCO2e ngaphezulu. Lo msantsa wokukhutshwa kwezinto ezikhutshwayo kufuneka uvalwe ngamanyathelo ongezelelweyo. Ukuba ii-NDC ezinemiqathango ziyaphunyezwa, umsantsa wokukhutshwa kwezinto ezikhutshwayo wehla nge-3 GtCO2e nganye.
• Amaxabiso aphantsi kancinci kuneengxelo zangaphambili njengoko amazwe amaninzi sele eqalisile ukuphumeza amanyathelo. Ukonyuka kwaminyaka le kokukhutshwa kwezinto ezikhutshwayo kwihlabathi nako kwehlile noko kwaye ngoku kuyi-1,1% ngonyaka.  
• EGlasgow onke amazwe acelwa ukuba abonise ii-NDC eziphuculweyo. Nangona kunjalo, ezi zikhokelela kuphela ekuncitshisweni kokukhutshwa kwe-GHG okuqikelelweyo ngo-2030 kwe-0,5 GtCO2e okanye ngaphantsi kwe-1%, o. 
• Amazwe e-G20 mhlawumbi akayi kufikelela kwiithagethi azibekele zona, okuya kwandisa i-gap ephumayo kunye nokunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu. 
• Amazwe amaninzi angenise i-net-zero ekujoliswe kuyo. Nangona kunjalo, ngaphandle kweethagethi ezibambekayo zexeshana elifutshane, impumelelo yolu sukelo ayinakuhlolwa kwaye ayithembekanga kakhulu.  

Ingxelo, imiyalezo ephambili kunye nengxelo yeendaba

https://www.unep.org/resources/emissions-gap-report-2022

INGXELO YE-UNFCCC SYNTHESIS 

Isebe loonobhala bemozulu lagunyaziswa ngamazwe anekontraka ukuba ahlalutye isiphumo se-NDC engenisiweyo kunye nezicwangciso zexesha elide. Ingxelo ifikelela kwizigqibo ezifanayo kakhulu njengeNgxelo yoMsantsa we-UNEP. 

• Ukuba zonke ii-NDC ezikhoyo ziphunyeziwe, ukufudumala kuya kuba yi-2,5 ° C ekupheleni kwenkulungwane. 
• Amazwe angama-24 kuphela angenise i-NDCs ephuculweyo emva kweGlasgow, enesiphumo esincinci.
• Amazwe angama-62, amele i-83% yezinto ezikhutshwayo zehlabathi, anethagethi yexesha elide ene-net-zero, kodwa kaninzi ngaphandle kwezicwangciso zokuphunyezwa ezibambekayo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, olu luphawu oluhle, kodwa lunomngcipheko wokuba amanyathelo afunekayo ngokukhawuleza aya kuhlehliswa kude kube kwikamva elikude.   
• Ngo-2030, ukukhutshwa kwe-GHG kulindeleke ukuba kunyuke nge-10,6% xa kuthelekiswa nowama-2010. Akukho lunyuso lulindelekileyo emva kowama-2030. Oku kuphucuka kwezibalo zangaphambili ezifuna ukunyuka kwe-13,7% ngo-2030 nangaphezulu. 
• Oku kusahluke kakhulu ekuthotyweni kweGHG efunekayo ukuze kufikelelwe kwithagethi ye-1,5°C yama-45% ngowama-2030 xa kuthelekiswa nowama-2010, nama-43% xa kuthelekiswa nowama-2019.  

Ingxelo yeendaba kunye neekhonkco ezongezelelweyo kwiingxelo

https://unfccc.int/news/climate-plans-remain-insufficient-more-ambitious-action-needed-now

IINGXELO ze-WMO zoMbutho wezeMeteoroloji zehlabathi

IBulletin yamva nje yeGreenhouse Gas ithi: 

• Ukususela ngo-2020 ukuya ku-2021, ukunyuka kwe-CO2 yoxinaniso kwakukhulu kunomyinge weminyaka elishumi edlulileyo kwaye ugxininiso luyaqhubeka nokunyuka. 
• Uxinzelelo lwe-Atmospheric CO2 lwaluyi-2021 ppm ngo-415,7, i-149% ngaphezu kwamanqanaba angaphambi kwamashishini.
• Ngo-2021, ukwanda okunamandla kwi-methane concentration kwiminyaka engama-40 kwabonwa.

Ingxelo yonyaka malunga nemeko yemozulu yehlabathi iza kunikezelwa eSharm El Sheikh. Ezinye iinkcukacha sele zinikiwe kwangaphambili:

• Iminyaka ka-2015-2021 yayiyeyona minyaka isi-7 ishushu kwimbali yomlinganiselo 
• Ubushushu behlabathi jikelele bungaphezulu kwe-1,1 ° C ngaphezu kwenqanaba langaphambili le-industrial ye-1850-1900.

Ingxelo yeendaba kunye namanye amakhonkco 

https://public.wmo.int/en/media/press-release/more-bad-news-planet-greenhouse-gas-levels-hit-new-highs

Ifoto yeqweqwe: Umthombo wePix phezu pixabay