Umbutho waseOstriya woKwenziwa ngokutsha kwezinto ebesezisetyenzisiwe (BRV)
I-Austria ithathe isigqibo sokuthintela ukugcwaliswa komhlaba kwezinto ezininzi zokwakha izimbiwa kwiminyaka emibini elungileyo- oku kuhambelana neemfuno zaseYurophu zokukhuthaza uqoqosho olujikelezayo. Oku kuphawula inyathelo lokugqibela kuphuhliso olulungileyo lokuhlaziywa kwenkunkuma yolwakhiwo; Ngaphezulu kwe-80% yeqhezu lezimbiwa e-Austria esele iphinde yavuselelwa, ngaphezulu kwe-7 yezigidi zeetoni zezinto zokwakha ezisetyenzisiweyo zisetyenzisiwe unyaka nonyaka. Izinto zokwakha zaphinda zasebenza kwakhona e-Austria ukusukela ngo-1990- nokuba zihamba-hamba kwiindawo zokwakha okanye ezimileyo. Ukucwangciswa kwezityalo kuyafumaneka kwibhodi yonke, ulawulo lomgangatho uphambili eYurophu ngokweemfuno zikazwelonke nezaseYurophu.
Ukuvalwa komhlaba
Ngo-Epreli 1, 2021- kwaye ayisiyiqhulo lika-Epreli lowo! Isilungiso kumgaqo wokulahla inkunkuma sipapashwe neBGBl II 144/2021. Ukubaluleka okubalulekileyo ekuphindeni kusetyenziswe izinto zokwakha sele kusebenze ngokudityaniswa kwe-§ 1 ngokubhekisele kuqoqosho olujikelezayo: Ukuze kudalwe uqoqosho lwesetyhula, ngokuhambelana nolawulo lwenkunkuma, injongo kukuqinisekisa ukuba inkunkuma efanelekileyo yenzelwe ukuphinda isetyenziswe kwakhona kwaye ezinye iindlela zokubuyisela kwimeko yesiqhelo azinakho ukwamkelwa ukuba zilahlwe kwindawo yokulahla inkunkuma.
Le nkunkuma ilandelayo ayinakubekwa kwindawo yokulahla inkunkuma ukusuka kwi-1.1.2024: Izitena ezivela kwimveliso, ukudilizwa kwendlela, izinto zobugcisa ngobuninzi, ukudilizwa kwekhonkrithi, i-track ballast, i-asphalt, i-chippings kunye nezinto zokwakha ezihlaziyiweyo zodidi oluphezulu lwe-UA. “Ukuphinda kusetyenziswe izinto zokwakha kufuneka kuthathwe njengezobuchwephesha kuyo yonke i-Austria. Ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-30, imakethi sele yakhiwe ngokuhambelana nezikhokelo zezinto zokwakha ezihlaziyiweyo zoMbutho wase-Austrian Building Material Recycling Association, apho amakhulu abavelisi ngoku athatha inxaxheba khona. Ukusukela ngo-2016 kuye kwakho ukuphela kwenkunkuma kwasekuqaleni kwezixhobo zokwakha ezibuye zenziwe ngokutsha kunye nomgangatho olungileyo wokusingqongileyo. Umyinge wemathiriyeli eza kulahlwa sele sele iyi-7% yenkunkuma yolwakhiwo lwezimbiwa. Yayilinyathelo elisengqiqweni lokuba izimbiwa ezisebenzisekayo zithintelwe ekugcwaliseni umhlaba ngenqanaba lezopolitiko, utshilo uMartin Car, umphathi wexesha elide weAustria Building Materials Recycling Association (BRV).
Ukuvalwa kwenkunkuma akuchaphazeli kuphela amaqela ezinto ezidwelisiweyo, kodwa kunye neplasterboard. Kwizakhiwo zale mihla, i-gypsum inokwenza i-7% yezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo. Ukusukela nge-1.1.2026 Januwari XNUMX, i-plasterboard, i-plasterboard kunye ne-fiber-reinforced plasterboard (i-plasterboard eqinisa uboya, i-plasterboard) ayisayi kuphinda ifakwe. Ngaphandle koku iya kuba ziipaneli, ekuhambeni kohlolo olungenayo kwisityalo sokurisayikilisha inkunkuma ye-gypsum, ezinokubonakaliswa zingenamgangatho ngokwaneleyo ukuba zivelise i-gypsum ehlaziyiweyo.
Ixesha elide lotshintsho luyimfuneko kuba akukho gypsum yokuphinda isetyenziswe e-Austria kwaye izinto ezihambelanayo kufuneka zisetwe kuqala.
Ekupheleni konyaka wama-2026, ukulahlwa kwemicu yamaminerali engeyiyo (KMF) -kuba inkunkuma eyingozi okanye engengobungozi- nayo ayisayi kuvunyelwa. Apha, isebe lokusingqongileyo kwisebe elijongene nolawulo lilindele ukuba eli shishini liza kudala iindlela zonyango ezifanayo kule minyaka mihlanu izayo. Nangona kunjalo, eli nyathelo liza kuvavanywa kule minyaka imbalwa izayo ukuze kungabikho mqobo wokulahla inkunkuma.
Izinto zokwakha ziphinde zisetyenziswe njengekamva
Ukurisayikilishwa kwakhona kwezinto zokwakha kuya kuba sisisombululo sexa elizayo. Kwinjineli yobunjineli kuphela, ama-60% esihlwele esakhe sakhiwa sisezindleleni, koololiwe, kulwakhiwo lwemigca okanye ezinye izibonelelo. Ezi zinto zokwakha zaziphantsi komgangatho ophezulu kunye neemfuno ezisemgangathweni ngexesha lofakelo. Ezi zinto zokwakha ezikumgangatho ophezulu zezona zinto zingcono zokwenza izinto zokwakha kuqoqosho olujikelezayo. I-asphalt ayinakusetyenziswa kuphela njengekhosi yesiseko segranulated yendlela okanye indawo yokupaka, kodwa inokusetyenziswa njengelitye elikumgangatho ophezulu (umndilili) kwizityalo ezishushu zokuxuba. Ikhonkrithi inokusetyenziswa zombini ingabotshwanga njengegranule yekhonkrithi, kodwa ikwimo ebophelelweyo, o.k.t. kwimveliso yekhonkrithi-icandelo elahlukileyo le-BN B 4710 ejongene nekhonkrithi ebuyiselweyo. Izinto zobuninzi bobuchwephesha zinokuphinda zisebenze kwakhona ngendlela efanayo, kukho iindlela ezifanelekileyo zokurisayikilisha i-track ballast, zombini kwindawo kunye nakwindawo engekho kuyo. Zonke izinto zokwakha ezirisayikishwe ziphantsi kolawulo lomgangatho rhoqo - kukho ezomthetho (RBV) kunye neenkcukacha zobugcisa (imigangatho); I-BRV ibonelela ngesishwankathelo seyona migaqo ibaluleke kakhulu ngohlobo "lweZikhokelo zeZinto eziSebenzisekayo zokwakha", ezikwasebenza njengesiseko sethenda.
Ithenda yekamva
Iithenda zokwakha kufuneka zilungiselelwe le meko intsha namhlanje: Iiprojekthi zolwakhiwo ezininzi ezicwangcisiweyo zifuna iminyaka eliqela ukuba zenziwe kwaye zigqitywe kwaye ngenxa yoko zingene kumhla wokuvalwa kokugcwaliswa komhlaba. Kububulumko ke ngoko ukuziqhelanisa nale meko intsha kwiithenda ezicwangciswayo ngoku. Kwinjineli yobunjineli, kuyanceda ukujonga inkcazo emitsha emiselweyo yeenkonzo zezithuthi kunye neziseko zophuhliso (i-LB-VI), epapashwe nguMbutho woPhando wase-Austrian woThutho lweeNdlela (i-FSV). Iqela lenkonzo elahlukileyo lichaza isicatshulwa sethenda sokurisayikilisha. Kodwa amagqabantshintshi ngokubanzi okuqala sele ejongene nokukhethwa kokurisayikilisha kwakhona kokugcwaliswa komhlaba. Ngomhla we-1 kaMeyi, ngo-2021, i-LB-VI iya kuphinda ikhutshwe kwakhona ngohlobo lwenguqulelo yesi-6, ekwenza iinkcukacha ezintsha ngokubhekisele kumhlaba ogrunjiweyo.
Intengiso inkulu
Amazwe aliqela aseYurophu sele ekhuphile okanye acwangcisa ukuthintela ukugcwaliswa komhlaba. Kutheni le nto u-Austria elandela ngoku? Esinye sezizathu kukuba abezopolitiko balinde de ukuba intengiso ibe inkulu ngokwaneleyo ukuze bakwazi ukuseta ukuvalwa komhlaba ngaphandle kokunyusa amaxabiso okanye izithintelo ezifanelekileyo zentengiso. Kwangelo xesha, umntu angathanda ukugcina oovimba bendalo- okt bangangcolisi indalo, kodwa basebenzise izibonelelo ezisesekondari ezivela kwizixeko zethu nakwiziseko zophuhliso ezichithakeleyo. "Amandla eenkampani zoMbutho woKwenziwa ngokutsha kwezinto zokwakha zaseAustria isekude ukuba isetyenziswe ngokupheleleyo - Iinkqubo ezili-110 zizodwa, ezisasazeke eOstriya, besele zinokuphinda zisebenzise i-30% ngaphezulu kunangoku ezikhoyo, utshilo uCar. Imimiselo emitsha ayiyi kwenza intengiso ibe ncinane. Ngokuphathelene nokulahlwa, uninzi lwezinto zokurisayikilisha zisetyenzisiwe kunendawo yokulahla inkunkuma yolwakhiwo; kwimeko yokuveliswa kwemathiriyeli yokwakha, kusekho ikakhulu abavelisi bezinto zokuqala ezincedisayo ngokwakha izinto zokurisayikilisha kwezinto.
Umbutho wezinto zokwakha zokurisayikilisha unikezela ngolwazi oluneenkcukacha ezithe vetshe kusetyenziswa amaphepha eenkcukacha kunye neesemina- umz. Malunga nemimiselo yokugcwaliswa komhlaba ngokutsha okanye indlela echanekileyo yokudilizwa (www.brv.at).
Photo / Ividiyo: I-BRV.
