Amayi a masamba achilengedwe

Kutatsala pang'ono kuti St. Leonhard kumwera kwa Waldviertel asambire osowa, olemekezeka andigwera. Zomwe zikundiyembekezera ndizofunikira kwambiri - koma izi zitha kumveka pokhapokha ngati munthu aganiza pang'ono: mopanda malire ndi malingaliro a anthu, kampani ReinSaat imayala maziko kuti mwina ku Australia kungakhale masamba azomera wamba ku Austria. Pano, mbewu za organic ndi Demeter zimapangidwa. Pazakudya zabwino, zachilengedwe. Popanda uinjiniya wamtunduwu. Ndipo makamaka kuti tisunge mbewu zamtunduwu zomwe zimalola kupulumuka kwa anthu.
"Tatsala pang'ono kuyiwala zomwe zimatidyetsa," wamkulu wa ReinSaat Reinhild Frech-Emmelmann akuwonetsa kutaya kwathu kwa kumvetsetsa kwachilengedwe. Mlimi wofesayo ndi woweta mbewu amatisungira ife motakasira: "Monga woweta abereka udindo. Kupeza chakudya komanso kusamalira anthu. Chifukwa ngati icho sichikonda, ndibwino. "

Zodzitchinjiriza motsutsana ndi majini

Kusintha kwa malo ku Philippines: Alimi ang'onoang'ono a 415.000 akugwiritsa ntchito izi kuti apange mbewu zazikulu zosinthidwa ma genetisidi. Koma si onse omwe ali okondwa. Pomwe 2013 idawonongedwa m'minda yoyesera ma genetic engineering. Ngakhale 2015 imakopa alendo aku Canada omwe amasintha "mpunga wagolide" wosinthika masika, nyengo ya alimi ikukonzanso. Mpunga wodabwitsawu akuti ukuletsa kuperewera kwa chakudya padziko lonse chifukwa wasinthidwa kuti upange beta carotene yambiri, yemwe amasinthidwa kukhala vitamini A m'thupi. Koma izi ndizowona momwe ziliri, "akutero a Chito Medina a masipag akumidzi yakumidzi:" Kusowa kwa micronutrient kumachitika kwambiri mwa ana ochokera m'mabanja osauka omwe sangathe kupeza chakudya choyenera. Golden Rice kotero si yankho, mmalo mwake anthu awa amafunika kupeza zinthu. "Chofunikira kwambiri: Makampani a mbewu za GM amawonetsetsa makasitomala awo, kuti kuchokera pazokolola zomwe zatulutsidwa palibe mbewu zofunikira zomwe zingatuluke. Chifukwa chake, mbewu zatsopano zimayenera kugulidwa pachaka ndi zolipirira zolipira. Ndalama zambiri za alimi osauka aku Philippines.

Kudalira & Mphamvu

"Kupanga ma genetic kumadalira kwambiri. Ndi za ufulu wakudziyimira nokha. Umisiri wofufuza ma genetic udapangidwa mwalamulo ku Philippines. Pafupifupi 100 peresenti ya mitundu yachilengedwe (yopanda mphamvu ya anthu, yopanga zachilengedwe komanso zokhazikika kudera, onani d. Red.) Yatayika, "akufotokoza a Frech-Emmelmann zoopsa zenizeni za umisiri wa majini - osadandaula ndi nkhawa zaumoyo.
Komabe, madera omwe amalimidwa ndi mbeu zosinthidwa mwachilengedwe akuwonjezeka. 2014 yakula katatu peresenti padziko lonse lapansi kupita ku mahekitala 181 miliyoni, kuchokera mamiliyoni asanu ndi limodzi kuposa 2013. Chodetsa nkhawa china chaposachedwa ndikuti biotechnology yatsopano idzagwiritsidwa ntchito kukhazikitsa ma genetic engineer omwe sawonekanso.

ReinSaat: Zaka masauzande ambiri akudziwa

Pafupifupi mosazindikira, chimodzi mwazinthu zoyambira zakale zomwe anthu akuchita zikuwopseza kuti ziwalidwe: Millennia zapitazo, anthu omwe akuchita upainiya wodabwitsa adziwa kale ntchito yolima ndi kubzala mbewu. "Kuthekera kunalipo, kumangoyenera kuchokera kuchilengedwe," akutero katswiri wa ReinSaat. Mwachitsanzo saladi: "Tili ndi masamba ofewa, otsekemera kuchokera ku rosette ya mbewu. Adadulidwa kotero amapanga br brake osati kuthamangitsidwa nthawi yomweyo. Kuyimilira mu gawo la mwana chomera. Zokhazo zomwe zimalola kupanga zakudya. Samenbauer kapena woweta anali m'mbuyomu anali akatswiri ndi maphunziro oyenera ndipo amaphunzitsidwabe ku mayunivesite. Tsoka ilo, sizili choncho. "
Tekinoloje, Mizinda, Consumerism - Zinthu zambiri zidatilekanitsa ndi chilengedwe. Koma pali zifukwa zomveka zomwe zimapangidwira kuti mbeu zimapangidwe mwachilengedwe, mwachilengedwe komanso m'chigawo. Kupyola mibadwo yamasamba, machitidwe omwe adasankhidwa amachokera kwa kholo kupita kwa mwana wamkazi. Izi zidaloleza mitundu kuti izolowere chilengedwe kuti ikhale yolimba. Mbeu yofananira imatchedwa "umboni-mbewu".

“Wogula sakudziwa ngakhale masamba omwe akupeza. Masamba ochokera ku mbewu zosakanizidwa sanatchulidwepo. ”, Reinhild Frech-Emmelmann, ReinSaat, wonena zamasamba.

Mbewu yachilengedwe vs. hybrid

Izi ndizosiyana kwathunthu ndi ma hybrids (chizindikiritso F1). Popanda kusakaniza kwa ma genetic, mbewu izi zimawolokeramo kuti zikwaniritse zomwe zimatchedwa heterosis zotsatira: kubwezeretsa zinthu zomwe zimaberekana, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zipatso zabwino kwambiri. Zotsatira zakufa: Zambiri za majini zomwe zimapangidwa m'mbewu zomwe zimayambitsa zimaberekana mosiyanasiyana ndikuwonongeka kwa chomera cha mayi. M'minda yambiri monga rapeded kapena rye, gawo loyanjidwa kumayiko olankhula aku Germany layamba kale kupitirira 50.
Kusiyanasiyana kosiyanasiyana kuli pachiwopsezo, akutsimikizira a Reinschaat a Frech-Emmelmann: "Ngati titakulitsa mitundu yomwe imafunika madzi ochepa, kapena mitundu yomwe imakhala ndi mizu yayitali, ndiye kupita patsogolo. Koma ngati ma hybrids amapangidwa chaka chilichonse, palibe kupita patsogolo pakubzala. Mbeu yotsimikizika siyingakhale yopatsa mbewu zambiri, koma chitetezo chofunikira koposa. "
Popeza izi, wogula wodziwa bwino amapewera masamba osakanizidwa - ngati zingatheke. Koma m'malo mwake: Zinthu zambiri za haibridi zimagulitsidwa ndimasamba ngati masamba. "Wogula sakudziwa zomwe akulandira. Masamba ochokera ku mbewu zosakanizidwa sakhala olembedwa, "akutsutsa abwana a ReinSaat.

Masamba Achilengedwe: Mitundu ya 80 yopanga nokha

Zosiyanasiyana mu zenizeni zenizeni zimapangitsa opanga mbewu zachilengedwe - kudzera mu kuswana kwatsopano. Reinhild Frech-Emmelmann amanyadira kupereka iye "Jessica", zotulukapo za kubzala nawo limodzi mogwirizana ndi mlimi wochokera ku Eferding. Anamupeza pansi pa kubzala choko chake chomera chofunikira kwambiri ndipo adalamula ReinSaat ndi kuswana. Pakadali pano, Jessica "wakula" komanso mitundu yaying'ono ya chard yokhala ndi masamba achikopa, kukoma kwakukulu ndi zimayera zoyera. Amawoneka ngati Pak Choi wamkulu ndikufanizira ndi mangold odulidwa ena otha kunyamula bwino kwambiri. Kwa zaka khumi Frech-Emmelmann adabzala ndikukula nthanzi: "Muyenera kukonda mbewu - kukongola kwa mbewu. Kugwira ntchito ndi tanthauzo la mtengowo kumatanthauza kubwereranso kwathunthu ngati munthu. "

About kubzala koyera:

Mu chaka cha 1992, Gulu Loyamba la Mbewu Zamasamba kuchokera ku Bio-dynamic Cultivation lidakhazikitsidwa ku Austria panjira ya Switzerland ndi Germany. Poyamba, pocheperapo, mabwalo odzipatulira adakumana ndi kuswana kwa biodynamic.
1998 ndiye adachitapo gawo lotsatira: Kuyambitsa kampani ReinSaat monga woweta ndi wopanga mbewu za organic ndi Demeter kwa opanga zazikulu zamasamba, ogulitsa mwachindunji (shopu yama famu ndi oyendetsa pamsika ndi zawo zomwe amalima) ndi osamalira maluwa. Pakadali pano, minda ya 30 m'magawo osiyanasiyana a Austria ndi EU akukulira mbewu, mwanjira ina biodynamic komanso zina zamoyo.
Famu ya obereketsa Reinhild Frech-Emmelmann, mtima wa kampani ReinSaat umapezeka kumpoto kwa Waldviertel - ku St. Leonhard am Hornerwald. Kuchokera apa, njere zimatumizidwa, komanso chithandizo ndi kuyeretsa ndi kuyang'ana kwa mphamvu ya kumera.
Mitundu ya ReinSaat imaphatikizapo masamba ophimba, maluwa, zitsamba ndi manyowa obiriwira ndipo yakula pang'onopang'ono m'zaka zaposachedwa. Kuphatikiza pa mtundu wake watsopano, ReinSaat imagulitsanso zatsopano zachilengedwe kuchokera ku Germany ndi Switzerland, ndipo yakhazikitsa magulu ake amtunduwu mothandizana ndi Chingalawa cha Nowa. Mitundu yamitundu yonse ya 450 yomwe ilimidwa imasungidwa ndikupanga, ndipo mitundu ya Paradeisern yokha 70 mitundu ili m'ndandanda.
Masamba ambiri a Demeter ndi organic pamsika amapangidwa kuchokera ku mbewu zoyera, kuphatikizapo Hofer (tsabola wosakanizidwa ndi Paradeiser) ndi Ja Natürlich (Rewe).

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