Dongosolo pakusintha

"Makamaka pambuyo pa 1989, lingaliro losavuta kwambiri, lodziyendetsa palokha laumunthu ladzikhazikitsa, kotero kuti ife tokha timatsatira zofuna zathu zachuma ndikupanga nawo gawo pagulu."
Wolemba Pankaj Mishra

Ngakhale njira yakumadzulo ya demokalase idalipo kale m'mbuyomu ngati wopambana pa mbiriyakale, njira zamtunduwu ndi zachuma tsopano zatopa.
Poganizira momwe zilili masiku ano, izi sizodabwitsa. Ma demokalase akumadzulo masiku ano ali ndi kupanda chilungamo pakati pa anthu, mphamvu zachitetezo komanso makanema, kusokonekera kwachuma, mavuto azachuma aboma komanso anthu wamba komanso kudalira kwambiri atsogoleri andale. Pomaliza, malupanga a Damocles akusintha kwanyengo, anthu okalamba ndi omwe akusunthidwa omwe akuyandikira akutuluka pamwamba pawo. Anthu okhala ndi mapiko akumanja ndi maulamuliro azachipembedzo amapereka mwayi wapadera kuti atengenso mizimu yotayika ndi lonjezo lakuwabwezeretsanso chidutswa ndi ulemu.

Zowona kuti umphawi ndi nkhondo zachepa padziko lonse lapansi m'zaka makumi angapo zapitazi, kuti maulamuliro ankhanza onse aku Europe achotsedwa, ndipo zomwe sizinachitikepo kuti anthu ambiri azilandira maphunziro, zamankhwala, mapenshoni, chitetezo, kayendetsedwe ka zamalamulo komanso zovomerezeka, sizimagwira gawo lambiri pazidziwitso za anthu.

mitundu kampani

Mawu akuti kukhazikitsidwa kwa chikhalidwe cha anthu, kayendetsedwe ka anthu kapena kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka anthu kumamveredwa mu chikhalidwe cha anthu, sayansi yandale komanso mbiri yakale monga gulu lazikhalidwe komanso mabungwe azikhalidwe. Lingaliro la kukhazikitsidwa kwachikhalidwe, komwe linapangidwa kuposa onse ndi Karl Marx, limafotokoza za maubwenzi onse omwe amasiyanitsa mtundu wina ndi wina. Zitsanzo zamitundu yodziwika ndi gulu lakale lokhala akapolo, gulu lakale lokhala ndi chikondwerero, ukadaulo wamasiku ano, ukazitape kapena chikomyunizimu.
Malinga ndi Marx, mtundu uliwonse wammbiri umapangidwa ndi zovuta zamagulu.

Malo osinthira

Pali mgwirizano wosowa kwambiri pakati pa asayansi, asayansi andale komanso azachuma kuti machitidwe azachuma ndi azachuma pano afika posintha ndikusintha kwambiri. Funso lili mlengalenga, ndi liti ndipo kusintha kumeneku kudzabwera - ndipo makamaka komwe adzatisintha. Mtsogolomu? Choyipa chake? Kwa ndani? Kodi tatsala pang'ono kusintha zinthu zina? Kusintha kwakukuru, kopambana ndi njira yotseguka komanso nthawi zina yopweteka? Kapenanso kodi ndale zimadzatembenuza pang'ono ndikusintha machitidwe a gulu lachiwonetsero, lokhalamo anthu komanso labwino? Kodi zichitika ndi misonkho, ndalama zoyambira, njira zoyambira kuvotera komanso demokalase yachindunji?

Kupatukana ndi chisokonezo

Katswiri wazandale waku Bulgaria komanso mlangizi wa ndale ku Ivan Krastev akukonzekera kuthana ndi zipwirikiti. Amawonanso kugwa kwa ma demokalase ena owongolera ndipo mwina mayiko adzawonongedwa mu EU, kuyerekezera chaka cha 2017 ndi chaka chosinthira 1917, pamene ufumu waku tsarist waku Russia, Ufumu wa Habsburg ndi ufumu wa Ottoman unayamba kugawikana.

Chikhalidwe cha Symbiosis - gulu

Wotsogolera wa Institute for Social Change and Sustainability (IGN), Ingolfur Blühdorn, apezanso kulephera koonekeratu pamachitidwe athu azachuma komanso azachuma ndipo akuwona nthawi yabwino. Akulankhulanso zokhudzana ndi sayansi komanso kutsika kwa mphamvu ya ukazitape (Streeck, Mason), kusunthika kwachuma, kukula ndi ntchito yoyendetsedwa ndi chuma (Prince, Muraca), kukhazikika, kusanja zofunikira komanso kugwiritsa ntchito chuma mwadongosolo. kuyerekezera kwatsopano pakati pa chilengedwe ndi anthu (Crutzen ndi Schwägerl, Arias, Maldonado). Kwa Pulofesa Blühdorn, "chikhalidwe ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu pakusintha kwakukulu komwe kumapitilira ukadaulo, kukula ndi chikhalidwe cha ogula ndizabwino kwambiri kuposa kale".

Kuwonongeka kwakukulu

Kwa katswiri wazamakhalidwe komanso wopeza anayambitsa gulu la Occupy Wall Street, a David Graeber, pulofesa ku London School of Economics and Political Science, funsoli siliri lambiri ngati dongosolo lathu lapano lazandale lidzagwa, koma makamaka izi zikadzachitika ndi. Amawona zocitika zingapo zikubwera, koma osati zachiwawa. Atafunsidwa kuti ndi ntchito yanji ya Occupy Movement yomwe dongosolo lathu lomwe likhala likugwiritsidwa ntchito, ikuyankha, "Tikufuna, ndi omwe tidzakhale ndi mapulani omanganso."

Ngakhale Tomáš Sedlácek asiya kukayikira kuti dongosolo lazinthu lino silikugwiranso ntchito, silikudziwikiratu komanso kuti ndi lakufa, akukhulupirira kuti lingasinthike popanda kuphulika.

Kubadwanso kwa munthu

Wolemba zachuma komanso wopambana mphotho Tomáš Sedlácek akuchenjeza za ngozi zowonongeka ndi chisokonezo chomwe chimachitika, chifukwa "ngati zingakhudze wina zitatha, adzakhala wina yemwe ali ndi mphamvu [...] ndipo wopanda luntha kapena anthu ena". Ngakhale sasiya kukayikira kuti dongosolo lamakono silikugwiranso ntchito, silikhazikika komanso likufa, koma akuganiza kuti lingasinthike popanda kuphulika. Chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri za capitalist yosinthira "ndikupereka moyo" ku mabungwe omwe alipo ndikupanga malo pazinthu zopanda pake za anthu. Sedlácek akuwona "mtundu wobadwanso mwatsopano wa anthu" kubwera kwa ife. "Tagawa china chake kumeneko, chuma sichinali bwino, chomwe chinali chopusa kwambiri, popeza tsopano tazindikira mochedwa," watero wazachuma.

Kuchokera pamalingaliro akutali,, chithunzi chokhazikitsidwa ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu oganiza bwino, oganiza bwino, ndiomwe chimatibweretsera mavuto. Chifukwa chake, kuchokera pamalingaliro a wolemba nkhani waku India komanso wolemba Pankaj Mishra, tili ndi zovuta kumvetsetsa zovuta zamasiku ano chifukwa timakakamira kwambiri kuti anthu azingokhala ngati akuchita. "Makamaka pambuyo pa 1989, lingaliro losavuta kwambiri, lodziyendetsa palokha laumunthu ladziyambitsa lokha, kotero kuti ife tokha timatsatira zofuna zathu zachuma motero timathandizira pagulu," atero Mishra. Chowonadi chakuti chithunzichi sichichita chilungamo kwa anthu ndipo amangonyalanyaza zosagwirizana, zosowa zopanda pake komanso zoyambitsa ndizowopsa pamakhalidwe azikhalidwe zaku Western momwe iye akuonera. Malinga ndi iye, tikuyeneranso kuyang'ana nkhaniyo "kuchokera pomwe awona otayika kuti amvetsetse".

Demokalase yamtsogolo

Kovar & Partner wothandizirana ndi anthu aku Austria amafunsa akatswiri chaka chilichonse za momwe amaonera tsogolo la demokalase. Mu Januwale adazifalitsa monga Arena Analysis 2017 - kuyambiranso demokalase. Malangizo akulu:

chilungamoNjira zodalirika zodalirana ndi andale ndizoonekera. Akatswiriwo amavomereza kuti kuwonekera bwino kudzachita mbali yayikulu mtsogolo. Makamaka, akufuna chiwonetsero chazinthu zambiri pantchito yamalamulo kuti njira zopangira zisankho zitsatire komanso kumvetsetsa, koposa zonse, makomiti amatha kufalitsa nkhani pa TV.

Lamulo la masewera atsopano pazokambirana za zoyambira zoyambirira (zosokoneza). Mosasamala kanthu kuti athandiza pakulingana pakati pa anthu, mgwirizano wa anthu ku Austra siukuyimiranso anthu aku Austria. Ntchito yoyimira bwino magulu azamagulu atha kutumizidwa ku mabungwe wamba.

Sungani Europe: Ziyembekezero zogwirizana Europe sizili bwino masiku ano. Komabe, kuchokera pamalingaliro azachuma komanso azachuma, kupulumuka komanso kuzama kwa EU ndi gawo labwino kwambiri ku Austria. Chifukwa chake, akatswiriwa akufuna kudzipereka kotsitsimutsanso lingaliro la ku Europe, makamaka makampani ndi mabungwe omwe amapindula kwambiri ndi malire otseguka.

Kuganizira maphunziro andale: Kwa achichepere, demokalase siliyeneranso yokha phindu palokha. Chifukwa chake, chiphunzitso cha demokalase chofunikira m'masukulu aku Austria ndichofunikira. Izi zikuyenera kuchitika ndi kufunikira kofunikira komanso zosasinthika chidziwitso chokha.

Tsatsani demokalase! Zonse, malingalirowa akupita kwa nzika zonse, kwa mabungwe onse, mabungwe ndi makampani: "Tidzafunika kutsatsa kwina kwa 'demokalase'. Aliyense amene amakhulupirira kuti demokalase yathu ndi foni yamakono ndi yolakwika. Kupititsa patsogolo Democracy demokalase ikhoza kukhalanso vuto lomwe lingalumikize ma demokalase onse. Ndi nthawi yoti tigwiritse ntchito yankho poyankha funso ili: Kodi ndi chiyani chomwe chimatigwirizanitsa ku Austria? Zomwezo, zingakhalenso chithunzi popititsa patsogolo demokalase yathu ", olemba kafukufuku akuti.

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