Susanne Wolf
"Idan ya zo da watsi da CO2, apple ta al'ada daga yankin Lake Constance ta fi damuwa fiye da tuffa kwayar halitta daga New Zealand."
Kirista Pladerer, Cibiyar Nazarin Lafiyar dabbobi ÖÖI
Shanun masu farin ciki a cikin makiyaya da magana Schweinderl: Idan kun yi imani da tallan, aikin gona na gida ƙauna ne mai ma'ana. Abin baƙin cikin shine, gaskiyar ta banbanta: an rage shanu zuwa madara mai da hankali tare da ciyar da abinci da kuma zaɓi na kiwo. Ana kashe miliyoyin kajin maza a kowace shekara kamar yadda renonsu baya biya. A cikin ƙoshin naman alade, koyaushe yana dawo da cin zarafi, kamar Associationungiyar ta masana'antar dabbobi a kai a kai yana bayyana.
Kalmar "yanki", wanda ake jigilar kaya a matsayin mai mahimmanci kuma mai dorewa, don haka rasa asararru. Abubuwan ƙira yanka mafi kyau, amma yawanci sun fi tsada - naman farashi mai tsada sau biyu zuwa uku.
"Buƙatar ta yanke hukunci: Mutane da yawa kawai kan sayo kan farashi kuma ba su yarda da darajar abinci ba," in ji Hannes Royer, manomi na ƙungiyar kwayoyin kuma shugaban ƙungiyar Land ƙirƙirar rayuwa. "Lokacin da suka saya, duk da haka, masu amfani da kayan abinci sun yanke shawara game da samarwa da asalin abinci." A Ostiryia, kashi goma cikin ɗari ne kawai na kuɗin gidan don abincin da aka kashe. "IPhone don 700 Yuro ta sa mutum ya yi sauri," in ji Royer.
Manoma na fafutukar neman tsira
Amma da gaske ne komai ya lalace a cikin harkar noma? Dangane da rahoto game da rahoton kare muhalli na 2018 na yanayin kariya, aikin gona a Austria yana ba da gudummawar 10,3 bisa dari ga iskar CO2, gami da noman gargajiya. Royer ya ce, "Hakanan game da taimaka wa manoma na cikin gida," in ji Royer, yayin da yake nuna yadda manoma ke kokawa don tsira. "Yanayin kasuwancin duniya ba mummunan abu bane, kasuwa ta kyauta tana sanya manoma a cikin matsananciyar matsin lamba." Matsakaicin manoman Austriya ya mallaki shanun madara na 18, da yawa sun tafi aiki a bayyane. Don samun damar rayuwa a matsayin manomi wanda ba kwayoyin halitta ba daga masana'antar kiwo, kuna buƙatar shanu 40 ko ma fiye da yadda tsarin gona yake. Batun sake tunani game da jindadin dabbobi da dorewa yana faruwa sannu a hankali Bayan haka, Austria tana kan gaba wajen aikin haɓaka kwayoyin a cikin EU tare da kashi 20 na kayan aikin Organic - amma yawancin abincin kwayoyin halitta kamar madara dole ne a fitarwa. Royer, ya kara da cewa: "Kudin da kokarin su ya yi yawa a aikin gona, saboda haka farashin abinci na gargajiya," in ji Royer, ya kara da cewa: "Tabbas yanki da kwayoyin zasu kasance mafi kyau. Koyaya, aikin gona bai kamata ya iya wuce buƙatun Austrian ba. "
Yanki ne, na halitta ne ko na adalci?
Kayayyakin da ake shigo da su daga ƙasashe masu nisa ana sukar su saboda yawaitar sufuri. Daidaita lafiyar lafiyar abinci yana yin tasirin abinda ya shafi muhalli ta hanyar samarwa, sufuri da amfani. Amma a nan ma, ko abinci ya fito ne daga al'ada ko kuma aikin gona yana da mahimmanci: "Idan ana batun iskar CO2, tuffa ta al'ada daga yankin Lake Constance ta fi damuwa fiye da tufan kwayoyin halitta daga New Zealand," in ji Christian Pladerer daga Cibiyar Lafiyar Qasa, "Kamar yadda jiragen jigilar kaya ke ɗaukar ɗimbin yawa, nauyin CO2 na apple guda ɗaya ya yi ƙasa."
Lokacin zabar tsakanin tuffa ta gida na gargajiya da mai tafiya mai takaddun apple apple mai tafiya har yanzu yana roƙon ɗan bambancin yanki, tunda yanayin zamantakewar zamantakewa irin su yanayin aiki ba za a la'akari da su a cikin gida ba. Yawancin abinci, kamar lemu ko ayaba, suna cin zarafin ma'aikata a cikin ƙasashen Kudancin.
Tabbas, wannan shine batun strawberries ko bishiyar asparagus, waɗanda ake samun su sau da yawa akan kantattun kantuna jim kaɗan kafin lokacin yankin. Dangane da binciken da VCÖ ya yi, kilogram na bishiyar asparagus guda ɗaya da aka shigo daga Kudancin Amurka ta hanyar iska yana gurɓatar da yanayin tare da kusan kilogram na 17 na CO2, wanda shine 280 sau gwargwadon lokacin sayayyan bishiyar asparagus daga yankin.
Yanayin aiki mai kyau
Alamar ta Fairtrade ta ba da tabbaci ga manoma kanana mafi karancin farashin kayayyakin masarufin, tare da alakar kasuwanci ta lokaci mai tsawo, yana hana sana’ar yara kuma galibi yana inganta mata a cikin hadin gwiwar. "Fairtrade da farko yana nuna kyakkyawan yanayin aiki da yanayin rayuwa," in ji Hartwig Kirner, Manajan Daraktan Fairtrade Austria, "Kuma kawai sai don Organic noma"A Ostiraliya, 70 bisa dari na samfuran Fairtrade suma an tabbatar dasu. “Ba dukkan kananan manoma ba ne za su iya canzawa zuwa harkar noman saboda ya fi tsada kuma ya fi tsada. Buƙatar ba koyaushe tana can ko ɗaya. "
Da yake magana game da yanayin aiki: Hakanan ana amfani da masu taimakawa a harkar noma a Austria. A lokacin girbi, ya zama ruwan dare a yawancin gonaki na Austriya don ɗaukar ma'aikatan girbi daga ƙasashen maƙwabta na EU.
Lilla Hajdu daga kungiyar samar da kayayyaki ta PRO-GE a Burgenland ta ce "Yin amfani da karfi ba bisa ka'ida bane "An zaɓi ma'aikatan da ba sa magana da Jamusanci - amma galibi ana cika su."
Madadin abinci ya rage
abinci Coops Kasuwancin cin kasuwa ne waɗanda membobinsu ke haɗuwa don sayan abincin abinci tare da manoma na yanki. "A bisa ka'ida, yanayin aiki na adalci ga kwadago ga duk kanin abinci shine babban abin lura a zabin masu siyarwa," in ji mai magana da yawun abincin. Koyaya, duk kamfanonin da aka sani suna da ma'aikata na dindindin waɗanda suka kasance tare da kowane yanayi tsawon shekaru, yawanci daga Czech Republic, Slovakia da Hungary.
Ochsenherz Gärtnerhof makiyaya ne tare da haɗin gwiwar Demeter a Gänserndorf. Misalin wannan nau'in tattalin arziƙi shine Community Noma da Tallafa wa Jama'a (CSA) daga Amurka. A halin yanzu ƙasar Ostireliya a yanzu akwai gonakin 26, waɗanda aka tsara bisa ga ka'idodin hadin gwiwar haɗin kai. A Gärtnerhof Ochsenherz, alal misali, mutanen 300, a matsayin ƙungiyoyin girbi, suna ba da kuɗi da tallafawa namo da kulawa da kayan lambu, wanda gonar ke ba da duk al'umma. "Yawancinmu 'yan Austriya ne da ma'aurata' yan Romania suna aiki - amma duk shekara," in ji Monika Mühr na zuciyar zuciyar Gela.
Kasancewa da hankali: Nasihun 4 don kiyaye ku lafiya!
Samfura tare da mai dabino - A matsakaici kowane samfurin abinci na biyu ya ƙunshi man dabino: a cikin biscuits, shimfidawa, samfuran da aka ƙare, har ma a cikin kayan tsintsaye, kayan kwalliya da agro-gas. Saboda wuraren noman mai, musamman a Indonesia, an share manyan wuraren dazuzzukan ruwa sai guguwa ta bushe. Tasiri a kan canjin yanayi yana da girma sosai: A halin yanzu Indonesia ta zama ta uku a tsakanin ƙasashe tare da isasshen hayakin CO2, a bayan Amurka da China. Hakanan duniyar dabbobi ta shafi: Sama da duka Orang Utans da Sumatra Tigern an hana su daga sharewar gandun dajin Lebensraum. Madadin abubuwa sune samfuran gida tare da mai kamar su sunflower ko man rapeseed.
Kula da hatimin kwanon inganci Irin su Sustainable Palmoil (RSPO), Ma'aikatar Tsaro ta Ma'aikatar (MSC), ko Hadin gwiwar ruwan sama (RA) Roundtable: Sun yi alkawarin dorewa, amma Greenpeace tana ɗaukar su amintattu.
Ruwan sha daga kwalban filastik, musamman ruwa mai ma'adinai: ana yin filastik daga man fetur da sharar filastik ƙazantar yanayin mu. Gwajin kwatancen ya nuna cewa ruwan famfo na Austrian a wasu yanayi har ma yana dauke da ma'adinai fiye da ruwan ma'adinan.
Nama daga aikin gona na al'ada: Farfaren masana'antu, ƙwayoyin rigakafi, methane, lalata gandun daji ta hanyar waken soya. Waɗannan kaɗan kenan daga cikin mahimman kalmomin da ke haɗaka da siyayyar dabbobi ta al'ada. Madadin shi ne nama daga aikin gona na gida.
Photo / Video: Shutterstock.
