Umnotho ngaphandle kokukhula

"Uma wonke umuntu ehambahamba enqunu futhi equkethwe, ukukhula ngeke kudingeke," kusho u-Christoph Schneider, inhloko yoMnyango Wezenqubomgomo Yezomnotho e-WKO. Okusala lesi sitatimende: Izidingo zabantu azivimbi futhi zikhule njalo. Hhayi kuphela isifiso sezimpahla nezinsizakalo eziningi, kepha futhi ukulangazelela izinto ezintsha kukhula ukukhula. Faka kulokhu isifiso sokukhetha empilweni. "Yize sihlala sidla i-schnitzel kuphela endaweni yokudlela, sisafuna amabhola ushizi wezimvu asongwe nge-bacon kwimenyu," kusho uSchneider.
Uma nje kunesidingo esikhulayo somnotho, isikhathi eside kangaka ukukhula siyadingeka. Izibonelo zifaka iholo eliphakeme, ama-smartphones anamandla ngokwengeziwe nezendlalelo ezengeziwe ze-bacon ngaphezulu kwoshizi wezimvu.

Impilo enhle yawo wonke umuntu?
Ukusatshalaliswa komhlaba noma ukudalulwa? Ukuhweba kwamahhala yebo noma cha? Engqungqutheleni ethi "Ukuphila Okuhle Kubo Bonke '
"Imayelana nokubeka phansi umhlaba phansi kanye nokubuyiselwa kwegumbi lokuqondisa 'kusuka ngaphansi' ngezifundo zezomnotho ezizimele. Kepha sidinga sobabili: inkululeko nokuzimela - okuhlobene nezwe, "kusho u-Andreas Novy, umqondisi weSikhungo Sokulawula Nezokuthuthukiswa Kwamazwe e-WU.
Kodwa-ke, ngaphezu kwezimpendulo ezintsha zezinselelo zokuhwebelana kwembulunga yonke, kuzodingeka futhi kubhekanwe nezingozi ezizilethayo: "Intuthuko yangempela ayidingi ukuthi cha kwenqubekela phambili yentuthuko eye, ngaphezu kwakho konke, iletha kanye nokungalingani komhlaba kanye nezinkinga zemvelo," kusho uSolwazi UJean Marc Fontan waseYunivesithi yaseMontreal.

Ukukhula egazini

Kepha kuyini ukukhula komnotho empeleni? Izibalo, ukwanda komkhiqizo wasekhaya ogcwele. Kalula nje, yisamba sayo yonke imiholo ezweni. Izinkampani ezihola amaholo eziphakeme zikhokha izisebenzi zazo, lapho zingcono. Ngoba lapho uhola kakhulu, kuvame kakhulu ukuya endlini yezihambi. Lokhu-ke kukhulisa inzuzo yezinkampani. Izivakashi zivame uku-oda amabhola ushizi wezimvu abizayo.

Ukushisekela kobungxowankulu

Ngakho-ke ukukhula kuyigazi emithanjeni yobungxowankulu. Ngaphandle kokukhula, uhlelo lwethu luzoya emadolweni alo, ngoba izinkampani ziqhudelana njalo njalo. Bangasinda kuphela uma bekhula bebangcono. "Uma inkampani yenza ukuthengiswa okufanayo ngonyaka, ngeke ikwazi ukukhokhela abasebenzi bayo amaholo. Ngenxa yalokhu, isivumelwano esihlanganyelwayo sanda phakathi nenkinga yezomnotho, lapho okungekho khona ukukhula kwezinye izimboni, bekungaphenduliseki, ”kusho uSchneider ekubuyiseleni emuva. Esikhathini esifushane, izindleko zamaholo eziphakeme bezisuswa ngokonga ocwaningweni nasekuthuthukiseni. Umzamo oyingozi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngoba uhlupheka emisha. Iphupho lesendlalelo sesibili sebhekoni elizungeze ushizi lihamba ibanga, ngoba umkhiqizo awukhuli. Umgcini wendlu yezihambi akahlali ngokufaka imali ku-bacon wrapper ukuze abapheki bakhe bakwazi ukugcoba ushizi wezimvu eziningi kubavakashi abaningi ngesikhathi esinqunyelwe. Isiphetho sesikhashana: Uma sifuna ukuthola okuningi futhi ngaleyo ndlela sijabulele ukuchuma okwengeziwe, inzuzo yezinkampani kufanele ikhule.

Kusuka kubhekeni kuya empesheneni omncane

Ukuze abahola impesheni bakwazi ukukhokhela iSchnitzel ebiza kakhulu, izimpesheni zabo kufanele zikhuphuke. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abaningi nabahola impesheni bajoyina, umphakathi wegama lokuguga. Ngaphandle kokukhula komnotho, izimpesheni kungekudala zizokwanela isobho le-frittate. "Ngaphandle kokukhula komnotho, izinzuzo zomphakathi bezingavuki emnothweni," kusho uSchneider. Yize umbuso ungadubula (lokho osewenza cishe ingxenye yesithathu yempesheni), kepha kungenamkhawulo.

Isimo sokukhula okungu-zero

Umnotho wase-Austria ubikezela ukuthi uzokhula kulo nyaka ngamaphesenti we-1,5, njengoba nje ngonyaka owedlule. Akunasizathu se-euphoria, kepha futhi akukho muntu wokulila, ngoba i-2013 GDP ayikakhuli nakancane. Ngokucabanga ukuthi imiswe ngo-zero, uhlelo lwethu luzohlala luzinze isikhathi esingakanani? "Isikhathi esikhulu kunazo zonke sesishayamthetho sikahulumeni, esihambisana nomjikelezo webhizinisi," uSchneider ulinganisela ngokungananazi.
Futhi-ke, ngemuva kweminyaka engaba mihlanu yokuqina, izinto ziyehla ngokushesha. Masinyane, ukwesaba phakathi kwabasebenzi sekuzophelelwa ngumsebenzi. Imiphumela: Abantu basebenzisa okuncane futhi balondoloze okuningi. Ukuvakashela endlini yezihambi kuba yinto etholakalayo. Ukusetshenziswa okuncane kufinyelela kakhulu kumkhakha wezinsizakalo osebenza kakhulu, obalwa ngaphansi kwamagumbi amathathu we-GDP. Lokhu kusebenza njenge-turbo embuthanweni onobubi, okuholela ekungasebenzi kahle kakhulu.
Leyo kwakuyindaba yobungxowankulu. Kepha ngokweqiniso kuhlukile.

Ayikho inkinobho yokumisa ebonakalayo

"Yekani ukucindezela okwamanje ngeke kwenzeke ngoba uhlelo lwethu lwenzelwe ukwenza izinto ezintsha nokukhula," kusho uJulianna Fehlinger, isishoshovu kanye nalowo owayengusihlalo we-NGO's obucayi bokuhlukumeza umhlaba. Phakathi kokunye, le nhlangano esebenzayo yamazwe omhlaba ikhuthaza ubulungiswa bezenhlalo obukhulu futhi ayisivumeli lokukhula okuphezulu. Kodwa-ke, umuntu oyedwa akakwazi ukuqala imodi yokukhula kwe-zero, kodwa kufanele adlule kuzo zonke izindawo ngasikhathi sinye: ngasese, ngokuhlanganyela, isimo. Ngisho nomnotho owodwa awukwazi ukuphunyula ukukhula ngoba globalization yenza ukuncintisana amazwe omhlaba. Ukulahla ukukhula ngakho-ke kuzodinga ukuhlanganisa umhlaba wonke. Utopia? Yebo!
Kepha umbono wezomnotho wangemva kokukhula awusiwo omkhulu lowo. Kubhekisa emnothweni ongenalo ukukhula kwe-GDP, kepha ngaphandle kokudela ingcebo. Ukuqinisa ukwaneliseka kwasekhaya nokwesifunda kanye nokunciphisa imboni yezomhlaba yizo izithako zaleliresiphi.

Isibonelo sokuqala sokweneliseka kwesifunda ezolimo. Isishoshovu isishoshovu sesiphile iminyaka emibili ngokuzilolonga epulazini ukuze sizibonele ngokwaso ubukhosi bokudla. Lapho, umphakathi ohlala epulazini usebenzise imodeli yomnotho wobumbano: isikhwama esijwayelekile, wonke umsebenzi ubaluleke ngokulinganayo - kungaba ngaphandle kwensimu noma ekhaya ekhishini. Isiphetho sakhe: "Ezolimo ziyathandeka, yize kunomsebenzi omningi ngemuva kwawo. Ukube abantu abaningi basebenza emapulazini, kuzodingeka imboni engaphansi kwe-Ararar. " Ukukhula embonini yezolimo kusho ukuxhashazwa kwezenhlalo nakwezemvelo ngoba kubhubhisa ezolimo ezincane. Ingcindezi yamanani aphezulu yenza ukuthi amapulazi amancane abe nzima ukuzuza.

Kepha umhlaba awusiwo nje amapulazi. "Kufanele ucabange ngaphandle kwemodeli ye-capitalism capital kuzo zonke izindawo," kusho uFehlinger. Isibonelo "ngamabhizinisi azisebenzelayo". Lezi zinkampani ezingenamsebenzi zingezabasebenzi ezibahola ngentando yeningi. Lokho wukuthi, abasebenzi akudingeki ukuthi bahole amaholo abaphathi, kodwa bathole okwabo kuphela. Phakathi kokunye, le modeli yaba impumelelo ngemuva kokuqothuka kombuso wase-Argentina eminyakeni eyinkulungwane. Kodwa-ke, ngokuphumelela okulinganiselayo, ngoba ekusebenzeni ngeke kusetshenziswe kuzo zonke izinkampani. Kepha ake siqhubeke nombono wamabhizinisi azimele.

Umnotho weSolarary

Bangaphansi kophahla "lomnotho ozinzile". Kungumqondo obanzi kakhulu ohlanganisa, phakathi kwezinye izinto, ukucabanga kokuhlalisana kwabantu kanye nemvelo ngaphandle kokukhiqiza okuningana. "Umnotho wezenhlalo umgomo ohlelweni olungenakukhula, ngoba umnotho wemakethe udala ukungalingani," kusho uFehlinger. Isibonelo: Ngaphandle kokukhula kwe-GDP, imali yangempela ayikhuphukanga e-Austria eminyakeni yamuva. "Umthengi ojwayelekile akanalutho lokukhula," kugxeka uFehlinger. Enye yezizathu zalokhu inani elikhulayo lemisebenzi yesikhashana.
Emnothweni wobumbano, ukukhula akuyona i-leitmotif, kodwa kungenzeka. Kodwa-ke, izidingo zabantu kufanele ziguquke. Esikhundleni semoto esheshayo, kulapho-ke isidingo sokuhamba. Kude nezinto ezibonakalayo kuya esifisweni semfundo eyengeziwe, amasiko kanye nokuzibandakanya kwezepolitiki.

Okwamanje sikumbuthano onobunzima. "Izinkampani zithi zenzelwe izidingo zabantu, futhi zizikhiqiza ngokukhangisa uqobo," kusho uFehlinger. Ngendlela ehlukile, izinkampani zenza ngombono womnotho wobumbano. Izibonelo ezikhona ngamapulazi asebenzisa ezolimo eziqinile. Amasheya atholakalayo asetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza ngaphambi kokukhiqiza imali yezolimo kumlimi futhi ngasikhathi sinye aqinisekise ukuthengwa. Lokhu kuqeda okusalile. Ngasikhathi sinye, abaninimasheya bathwala ubungozi lapho, ngokwesibonelo, isichotho sibhubhisa isivuno seFisole.

Ukukhula okuluhlaza ngokulungisa

Umhlaziyi wokukhula, uprofesa weWU kanye nosihlalo we "Green Educational Workshop", u-Andreas Novy, une-theisis esobala: "Ukukhula kuholela ekuxhashazweni kwabantu nemvelo." Ufuna ukukhula okuluhlaza, ukukhula okuqhubekayo kanye "nempucuko yempilo enhle". Izakhiwo zokukhiqiza nokusebenzisa izifunda, amahora amafushane okusebenza nokulungiswa kokulondolozwa kwezinsiza kusebenza zingaphambili. Okubaluleke kakhulu ukuthobeka kwabantu esikhundleni sokuhaha.
I-digitalization ne-automation kuzokwenza ukuncipha okukhulu emahoreni okusebenza kungenzeka, ngokusho kukaNovy. Lokhu kushiya isikhathi esengeziwe semisebenzi endaweni yezenhlalo, njengokunakekela asebekhulile nokulungiswa kwemishini. “Asisebenzi,” uyanezela. Noma i-GDP ingakhuli, lokho akusho ukuthi azikho amaholo anyukayo. Ngokuphambene. "Ukulungisa umshini wokuwasha kubiza imali, yona ibuye igeleze kochwepheshe abangochwepheshe," kuchaza uchwepheshe wezomnotho. Ngaso leso sikhathi, awukho umshini omusha okufanele ukhiqizwe umshini olungiselelwe. Umthamo wokukhiqiza wezinkampani uzokwehla. "Lowo uyakhula, kanti abanye bayancipha," kusho uNovy.
Ukukhula okuluhlaza kusho okusha kanye nentuthuko ngaphandle kokuxhaphaza. UNovy uthe: "Ubuchwepheshe bukhulisa ukusebenza kahle kwezinsizakusebenza, ngokwesibonelo, lapho ukushisa imfucuza kusuka ezitshalweni zezimboni kusetshenziselwa ukufudumeza." Impela, lokhu kwe-theisis akusebenzi, yiqiniso, ngoba ubuchwepheshe bungenza kuphela umnikelo. UNovy ufuna inhlangano entsha yezomnotho. "Kufanele sisho imodeli yokuncintisana, ngoba yisona esakha phambili ukukhula." Okwamanje, ukukhula kuholela ekwakhiweni okwenziwa kakhulu ngesiko lokulahla.
Indlela yokuphuma ekudukeni kokukhula inzima, ngoba izakhiwo zamandla kuzodingeka zihlukaniswe. "Kungani i-VW, ngokwesibonelo, imanqika ukuthuthukisa izimoto zikagesi? Ngoba inkampani izothola imali encane nayo, ”kusho umhlaziyi wokukhula.

Photo / Video: Ugogo.