Helmut Melzer
Ikusasa linqunywa ekuvutheni kwamehlo: Ngaphambi kweminyaka eyizigidigidi ye-4,6 eyedlule, umhlaba wenziwa ngegesi nothuli, emashumini ambalwa eminyaka isiphetho sawo - nesabahlali sawo - siyophawulwa. Futhi, yini okungaqondakali, njengenhlekelele yamaGrikhi: "yindoda ecabangayo", ecatshangelwa ukuthi iphezulu ngokuziphendukela kwemvelo, esongela umama weMvelo kanye nokuba khona kwayo. - Kepha kuzoshintsha.
"Kumayelana nokubuka okusha komhlaba. Sisethubeni lokuletha uhlelo lomhlaba ezindleleni ezihluke ngokuphelele, ”kusho uDirk Messner
Iplanethi izosindiswa - UDirk Messner naye uyaqiniseka ngalokhu. Isazi saseJalimane sentuthuko yomhlaba ngomunye walabo bantu ababheke ikusasa ngokuzethemba yize kunezinselelo zonke. Futhi ungummeleli walabo abasibona siphambana nomgwaqo singene enkathini entsha. Ekuqaleni kwesikhathi esibaluleke kunazo zonke esintwini esisha. “Kumayelana nokubukwa komhlaba okusha. Siyakwazi ukuthatha uhlelo lomhlaba luye ezindleleni ezihluke ngokuphelele, ”kusho uMessner, ekhomba indlela - eya ekuqondeni umbono jikelele womhlaba kanye nokusimama okudingekayo. Futhi angakufakazela: Ngocwaningo "Isivumelwano Somphakathi Soguquko Olukhulu. Indlela eya emnothweni womhlaba onobungani besimo sezulu ”, yena nabanye ayekhankasa nabo babanga umuzwa emhlabeni wonke.
Ukubukwa komhlaba okusha
Umhlaba udiski futhi usenkabeni yomkhathi. - Inkumbulo yethu ehlanganayo iyazi kangcono. Kepha, ingabe umphakathi wethu, oqondiswa ukucabanga nokucabanga, ubekhipha ngempela ubuntwana bakhe? Ucwaningo lwamazwe omhlaba lwe Ucwaningo Lamagugu Womhlaba bonisa ushintsho ekubukeni komhlaba omusha. Kuyo yonke iminyaka eyedlule ye-30, imininingwane iqoqwe emazweni we-97 kuzo zonke izinhlanga kanye nezifunda zomhlaba, ezihlangana zenza amaphesenti angaphezu kwesishiyagalombili esizwe se-88. Umphumela ukhombisa ukubuka komhlaba okuguqukayo: Abantu kuwo wonke amazwe omhlaba manje bavumelana kakhulu: Isimo sezulu siyinkinga enkulu, yezemvelo yomhlaba (amaphesenti we-89,3 wabaphendulile emazweni we-49, n = 62.684). Kwizifundazwe eziningi, ukubaluleka kokuvikelwa kwemvelo kudlula lokho nokukhula komnotho kanye nemisebenzi. Futhi: Amaphesenti we-65,8 wabaphendulile (n = 68.123) angavuma ukunikela ngemali ethile engenayo uma imali isetshenziselwa ukulwa nokungcola.
Inguquko ethule
Usosayensi wezepolitiki wase-US Ronald Inglehart ikhuluma "ngenguquko ethule" ebheke ezicini zemvelo nokusimama, umbono omusha wezwe. Umbono wakhe wokuguqulwa kwamagugu uchazwe kafushane: Uma izinga elithile lokuchuma lingafinyelelwa, umphakathi uyfulathela "izidingo zezinto ezibonakalayo" ubheke "izidingo zangemva kokuthanda izinto". Umlando ubonakala ukukuqinisekisa lokhu. Ngemuva kweMpi Yezwe Yesibili, kwakukhona ukuphishekelwa okujwayelekile kokuphepha ngokomzimba, ukusimama komnotho kanye nokuhleleka. Sekuyiminyaka engamashumi amathathu kunjalo, ukubaluleka "kwezidingo zangemva kwempahla" kukhuphukile. Ukuzibona ngokwakho, ukubamba iqhaza kuhulumeni kanye nenkululeko yokukhuluma nokubekezelelana kuza phambili futhi manje sekusakazeke kabanzi. Kanjalo nobukhulu bokusimama. Ngaphezu kokubukwa komhlaba okusha, kunabameli abandayo benkathi yamanje yohlelo lomhlaba weHolocene ezothathelwa indawo yiAnthropocene. Isizathu esikholisayo: ithonya labantu kudala laba amandla anqumayo kuhlelo lomhlaba lomhlaba. "Uma ufuna ukubheka ukukhula kwezilwandle phakathi namakhulu eminyaka, kufanele ubheke ukusetshenziswa kwabantu," kusho uDirk Messner, ebhekisa ekubeni namandla onke kwabantu kunemvelo, okusho ukuthi "inqubo yokuhlwaya indawo engahlosiwe". Yingakho sidinga imithetho, imiqondo nefilosofi enikeza amandla okubuka umhlaba omusha. "Njengamalungelo esintu noma umthetho wamazwe omhlaba endaweni yabo, kumele sibhekelele uhlelo lomhlaba nezizukulwane ezizayo," kusho uchwepheshe wezokusimama.
Ushintsho olukhulu luyeza
Into eyodwa isivele iqinisekile: Lokhu okubizwa ngokuthi "ushintsho olukhulu" ngeke kube yinto ende ezayo. Kungenxa yezizathu ezahlukahlukene - ezingenakuphikwa - ngaphandle koshintsho ekubukeni komhlaba. Isazi sezomnotho esiqinisekisiwe sase-US UMichael SpenceI-2050 izoba ekhaya labantu abacishe babe yizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyisishiyagalolunye. Ukushintshwa kwesimo sezulu kuzoqhubeka kuthuthuka. Amazwe asathuthuka futhi asafufusa ekugcineni ahlangana namazwe athuthukile. Isilayezi: "Amandla ezomnotho kumele aguqulwe. Nakanjani sizothola ushintsho olukhulu. Umbuzo uwukuthi: Singaziqondisa yini ekuqineni? Izindaba ezimnandi ukuthi uguquko lusebenza ngokwezezimali emnothweni wezwe kanye nokuqalwa kabusha komphakathi sekuqalile. Inselelo enkulu yisikhathi sesikhathi ".
Izindlela ezine zokuzayo
Kungabashayeli abane okungadala izinguquko zezilinganiso zomhlaba wonke. Inkinga: zintathu kuphela ezithandekayo. Imibono - efana naleyo eyaholela ekusungulweni kwe-European Union - isuselwa ezinhlosweni nasizwisisweni. Ubuchwepheshe nokwenziwa kwezinto ezintsha kwaletha inguquko ye-IT. Umshayeli oqhutshwa ulwazi kuphela ocwaningweni oludinga ulwazi ngezinkinga. Kuholele ekuqondeni komgodi we-ozone. Kodwa-ke, izinkinga kufanele zibhekwe njengabashayeli ababaluleke kakhulu: Zibangela ushintsho ngezinkinga ezinkulu, alunakuqhathaniswa futhi zingaholela ezindleleni ezingalungile. U-Messenger uthi ukuhweba ngokuvimbela kubaluleke kakhulu ekuguqukelweni esimweni esimeme, ngoba uma isimo sezulu nesomhlaba siguquka kuqala izingxabano zomhlaba, lokhu kungaba nemiphumela engenakuphikwa.
Yini okufanele uyenze?
Ukunquma ikusasa eliqhubekayo kungukuhlelwa kabusha kwezindawo ezintathu ikakhulukazi: amandla, ukufudukela emadolobheni kanye nokusetshenziswa komhlaba. Ukuguqukela kumafutha angewona awokuphela kwezinto eziphilayo kuyisici esinquma kakhulu. Futhi, ngokusho kukaDirk Messner: "Ukusebenza kahle kwamandla kubaluleke kakhulu. Isidingo esiphelele kumele sithotshiswe futhi sizinziswe. Kungakho kudingekile ukwenza ukuguqulwa kwamandla avuseleleke kube yimali efinyelelekayo. ”Ukusetshenziswa kokusebenza kwabahlali bomuzi, ngaphezu kwakho konke okuhle okwenzeka e-Asia, nakho kubalulekile kakhulu lapha. "Idolobha kufanele libuyiselwe emuva," isiqubulo sikaMessner. Kepha uchwepheshe futhi unethemba ngokulingene kwamandla: Ngengxenye yomhlaba wonke ye-20 kuya kumaphesenti angu-30 wamandla avuselelekayo wokufaka iphuzu, okudala ukuhlangana kwentengo kumafutha we-fossil. Kepha ukuguquka kunesivumokholo: I-US ivumele i-Europe ukuthi ihole ekuthuthukiseni amandla avuselelekayo futhi ifune ukungena ebhodini ngezindleko ezifanele. Kodwa-ke, ngabe impumelelo yokuphayona enguqukweni yezamandla izolethela izinzuzo zezomnotho eYurophu okwamanje ayikaphendulwa. Lokho kuchaza ukungabaza okukhulu.
Izindleko ezinikezelwe
Kunoma ikuphi, izindleko zokushintshwa kwamaphesenti amabili kuya kwamabili omkhiqizo wezwe lonke ungancishiswa ngokwezezimali. Njengengxenye yokuhlangana kweJalimane, phakathi kwamaphesenti ayisithupha kuya kwayisishiyagalombili e-GNP atshaliwe kwi-GDR yangaphambili. Kwesinye isikhathi inkinga ebaluleke kakhulu: idola elihle le-500 lamadola ayizigidigidi - ngaphansi kwephesenti elilodwa lomkhiqizo wezwe lonke - lisatshalwa minyaka yonke ekuxhaseni ugesi wamalahle.
Ipolitiki yezwe iba nzima ngokwengeziwe
Kepha ngokwepolitiki nje, ushintsho ekuqhubekeni nokusimama luba nzima ngokwengeziwe, njengoba izingqungquthela zezulu zibonisa. Ipolitiki yezwe isishintshile, amandla aguquka ngokubonakalayo emnothweni omkhulu osafufusa onjenge China neNdiya. Isilayezi: "Ngenkathi amazwe athuthukile ngabe akwazi ukuthuthukisa inqubomgomo yawo yokuziphilisa emashumini ambalwa edlule, ushintsho lwanamuhla alusenakubekwa wedwa. Kuzoba nzima: sihlanganyele, kepha abanye kufanele bakhokhe manje. "(Helmut Melzer)
Photo / Video: I-Yeko Photo Studio, iShutterstock.
