Isinxephezelo se-CO2: "Inkohliso eyingozi ethrafikhi yomoya"

Ngingamane ngicishe ukukhishwa kwami ​​uma ngingafuni ukukhetha phakathi kohambo lomoya nokuvikelwa kwesimo sezulu? Cha, kusho uThomas Fatheuer, owayeyinhloko yehhovisi leHeinrich Böll Foundation eBrazil futhi osebenzela iSikhungo Sokucwaninga Nokubhalwa Kwamaphepha eChile-Latin America (I-FDCL). Engxoxweni noPia Voelker, uyachaza ukuthi kungani.

Umnikelo ngu UPia Voelker "Umhleli kanye nochwepheshe weGen-ethische Netzwerk eV kanye nomhleli we-online magazine ad ad hoc international"

I-Pia Voelker: Mnu. Fatheuer, izinkokhelo zesinxephezelo manje sezisabalele futhi ziyasetshenziswa nethrafikhi yomoya. Ulinganisa kanjani lo mqondo?

UThomas Fatheuer: Umqondo wesinxephezelo usekelwe ekucatshangweni kokuthi i-CO2 ilingana ne-CO2. Ngokwalo mqondo, ukukhishwa kwe-CO2 kusuka emlilweni wamandla we-fossil kungashintshwa kugcinwe i-CO2 ezitshalweni. Isibonelo, ihlathi lihlanyelwa kabusha amahlathi ngenhloso yokukhokha isinxephezelo. I-CO2 egciniwe ibuye isuswe ngokumelene nokukhishwa okuvela kumthamo womoya. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kuhlanganisa imijikelezo emibili ehlukene ngokweqiniso.

Inkinga ethile ukuthi sesicekele phansi kakhulu amahlathi nemvelo yemvelo emhlabeni jikelele, kanye nokuhlukahluka kwezinto eziphilayo. Yingakho futhi kufanele siyeke ukugawulwa kwamahlathi noma sibuyisele amahlathi nezinhlelo zezinto eziphilayo. Kubonwe emhlabeni jikelele, lokhu akuwona amandla angeziwe angasetshenziswa ukunxephezela.

IVoelker: Ingabe kukhona amaphrojekthi wesinxephezelo asebenza kangcono kunamanye?

I-Fatheuer: Amaphrojekthi ngamanye angasebenza kahle. Ukuthi zifeza injongo ezwakalayo yini omunye umbuzo. I-Atmosfair, ngokwesibonelo, ihloniphekile impela futhi inedumela lokuxhasa amaphrojekthi ahlomulisa abalimi abancane ngokugqugquzela izinhlelo zezolimo namahlathi kanye ne-agro-ecology.

IVoelker: Iningi lalezi zinhlelo zenziwa emazweni aseNingizimu neGlobal. Kubukwa emhlabeni jikelele, noma kunjalo, ukukhishwa okuningi kwe-CO2 kubangelwa emazweni athuthukile. Kungani kungekho sinxephezelo lapho kukhishwa khona ukukhishwa?

Fatheuer: Lokho kuyingxenye yenkinga. Kepha isizathu silula: ukuhanjiswa okujwayelekile kushibhile kwi-Global South. Izitifiketi ezivela kumaphrojekthi weREDD (Ukunciphisa Ukuphuma Kwamahlathi kanye Nokonakaliswa Kwehlathi) emazweni aseLatin America agxile ekwehliseni ukugawulwa kwamahlathi ashibhile kakhulu kunezitifiketi ezikhuthaza ukuguqulwa kwama-moor eJalimane.

IVoelker: Abaxhasi bomqondo wesinxephezelo baphikisa ngokuthi imizamo yokwenziwa kwamaphrojekthi ayizami nje ukonga amagesi abamba ukushisa kuphela, kodwa futhi izama nokwenza ngcono izimo zokuphila zabantu bendawo. Ucabangani ngakho?

Fatheuer: Lokho kungaba yiqiniso ngokuningiliziwe, kepha akukhona yini ukuphambuka ukuphatha ukwenziwa ngcono kwezimo zokuhlala kwabantu njengomphumela wecala? Ku-jargon yezobuchwepheshe ibizwa nge- "Non-Carbon-Benefits" (NCB). Konke kuncike ku-CO2!

IVoelker: Yini engenziwa isinxephezelo se-CO2 ekulweni nokuguquka kwesimo sezulu?

I-Fatheuer: Alikho igremu elilodwa le-CO2 elingaphansi elikhishwa ngenxephezelo, ngumdlalo we-zero-sum. Isinxephezelo asisebenzi ukunciphisa, kepha kunalokho songa isikhathi.

Umqondo unikeza inkohliso eyingozi yokuthi singaqhubeka ngenjabulo sixazulule yonke into ngezinxephezelo.

IVoelker: Ucabanga ukuthi yini okufanele yenziwe?

Fatheuer: Ukuhamba kwezindiza akumele kuqhubeke nokukhula. Inselele yokuhamba ngendiza nokukhuthaza ezinye izindlela kufanele kube yinto ephambili.

Izimfuno ezilandelayo, ngokwesibonelo, zingacatshangelwa ku-ajenda yesikhashana e-EU.

• Zonke izindiza ezingaphansi kwe-1000 km kufanele ziyekwe, noma okungenani zikhuphuke kakhulu ngentengo.
• Inethiwekhi yezitimela yaseYurophu kufanele ikhuthazwe ngamanani entengo enza ukuthi ukuhamba ngesitimela kufike ku-2000 km kushibhile kunezindiza.

Esikhathini esimaphakathi, inhloso kumele kube ukunciphisa kancane ukuhamba kwezindiza. Sidinga futhi nokukhuthaza ukusetshenziswa kwezinye izinto zokubasa. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akufanele kufake phakathi ama- “biofuels”, kodwa kufanele kufakwe uphalafini wokwenziwa, isibonelo, owenziwa kusetshenziswa ugesi kusuka kumandla omoya.

Ngokubheka iqiniso lokuthi ngisho nentela kaphalafini ayiphoqeleli nezepolitiki okwamanje, umbono onjalo ubonakala ungowabantu abaningi.

"Uma nje ithrafikhi yomoya ikhula, isinxephezelo siyimpendulo engafanele."

Ngingacabanga nje ngokunxeshezelwa ngezinga elithile njengomnikelo onengqondo uma ubufakwa ngecebo elicacile lokwehliswa kwezimvu. Ezimweni zanamuhla, kunenzuzo ngoba kugcina imodeli yokukhula iqhubeka. Uma nje ithrafikhi yomoya ikhula, isinxephezelo siyimpendulo engafanele.

UThomas Fatheuer Iphethe ihhovisi laseBrazil leHeinrich Böll Foundation eRio de Janeiro. Uhlale eBerlin njengombhali nomxhumanisi kusukela ngo-2010 futhi usebenza e-Research and Documentation Center Chile-Latin America.

Inhlolokhono iqale ukuvela kumagazini oku-inthanethi i- “ad hoc international”: https://nefia.org/ad-hoc-international/co2-kompensation-gefaehrliche-illusionen-fuer-den-flugverkehr/