Ilanga kunye neendlela ezizezendalo

Imisebe ye-UV inoxanduva lokuqulunqwa kwevithamin D eluswini, ukongeza, ukukhanya kwelanga kuphakamisa imeko yethu. Kodwa sele ikwiminyaka eyi-1930er enye yayisazi ngengozi yokugqitha kwemitha yelanga. I-1933 sele ifakele ilungelo elilodwa lomenzi kwi-Drugofa GmbH, inkampani eyiBayer, kwimveliso ebizwa ngokuba yiDeple. Isixhobo sokuqala sokukhanya kwelanga kunye ne-UV yokhuseleko lokucoca, ukukhanya kwelanga, sazalwa. Amathumba, amahlumela okanye ioyile eyayihlikiwe elangeni ngexesha le-1980 iminyaka ifunyenwe ibalulekile. Ngequbuliso wonke umntu wathetha ngomngxunya we-ozone kunye nomba wokukhusela ilanga kwiimveliso ezahlukeneyo wanyuka ngokukhawuleza.

Iimveliso ezinesitywina se-UVA ziyaqinisekisa ukuba eyona nto ikhuselayo ye-UVA ubuncinci kwisinye kwisithathu sezizathu zokukhusela i-UVB. Umba wokhuselo welanga ubhekisele ekukhuselekeni kwimisebe ye-UVB, imitha ye-UVA ihlala ihlawulelwa. Isitywina se-UVA sisikhokelo esihle xa ukhetha ukukhanya kwelanga.

Okungabonakaliyo: Imisebe ye-UV

Ukongeza kokukhanya kwayo okubonakalayo, ukukhanya kwelanga kubandakanya imitha ye-UVA ende, kunye nemitha ye-UVC emfutshane, engafikeleliyo emhlabeni ngenxa yomaleko we-ozone. Imisebe ye-UV inoxanduva lokwenza ulusu lube nsundu. Le nkqubo yindlela yokusabela ekhuselayo. I-epidermis iqulethe iiseli ezenza i-pigment, ii-melanocyte, ezimibalabala e-brown melanin ezikhusela ulusu kwimisebe yelanga. Ukuba kakhulu imitha ye-UVB ibetha ulusu olungakhuselekanga, kukho impendulo yokuqubuka ehambelana nokutsha, ukutshiswa lilanga. Kodwa iiarves ze-UVA ezisebenza ixesha elide azisiyongozi. Zingena nzulu eluswini kwaye zonakalise collagen yolusu, ekhokelela ekunciphiseni kokuqina kolusu kwaye ke nasekugugeni ngaphambi kwexesha kunye nemibimbi.

Iintsomi ze-UV malunga nokukhanya kwelanga

Ukusebenza ixesha elide kwesikhuseli elangeni kwandisa ixesha lokhuseleko?
Hayi, ayikhuselwanga ukhuseleko kodwa iyagcinwa. Umzekelo, nabani na ofumana ulusu olubomvu elangeni lingakhuselekanga emva kwemizuzu elishumi unokuhlala elangeni kangangeyure ezintlanu kunye nento yokukhusela ilanga 30.

Ngaba ii-Blondes zifuna into ephezulu yokukhuselwa kwelanga kuneenwele ezimnyama?
Hayi, kuba ayilombala weenwele obalulekileyo, kodwa uhlobo lolusu.

Nje ukuba ulusu luyekisiwe, awuphindi lutshiswe lilanga?
Ukucela isikhova kubaluleke kakhulu. Ulusu aluso luqhele ukusetyenziswa lilanga ngokusisigxina kwaye alibaleli lilanga.

Ngokubomvu okokuqala kwanele ukuhamba iiyure ezimbalwa emthunzini? Hayi, sele lidlulile ixesha. Ukutshiswa lilanga kufikelela incopho yayo emva kweenxa zonke iiyure ze-24.

Ngaba isolarium inceda ekukhuseleni ilanga? Hayi, ukukhanya kwelanga kusebenza kunye nokukhanya kwe-UVA. Ukusuka kwindawo yokujonga ngonyango, ukubonakaliswa kolusu olukhanyayo kukukhanya kwe-UV kufuneka kuthintelwe. Oku kukhokelela ekwaluphaleni kolusu kwangoko. Kwangelo xesha, umngcipheko wokukhula komhlaza wolusu uyakhuthazwa.

Iscreen selanga kunye nasemva kwelanga

Uninzi lweekhrimu zelanga zixhomekeke kwindibaniselwano yeefilitha zomzimba kunye neekhemikhali. I-titanium oxide okanye i-zinc oxide yeefilitha ezibonakalayo kwaye zisasaza ukukhanya kwe-UV okungenayo njengezibuko ezincinci. Iifilitha zeekhemikhali ziguqula imitha ye-UV eyingozi ibe amandla angenabungozi, oko kukuthi ukukhanya okanye ubushushu obungenabungozi. Emva kweemveliso zeLanga, ii-arhente ezithobisayo zolusu ezinjenge-algae vera zisetyenziswa ukupholisa nokuthoba ulusu emva kokutshona kwelanga. Emva kwe-20 yemizuzu ye-UV ye-irradiation, umonakalo kwizinto ezibonakalayo zeeseli zolusu zenzeka. Ezinye iimveliso zasemva kokuphuma kwelanga ke ziqulethe i-enzyme Photolyase, exhasa ulwakhiwo lwendlela yokulungisa ulusu. Ixesha elininzi ngoku imeko sele ibhekisele kwinto ebizwa ngokuba yimveliso enqamlezayo. Umzekelo, iikhrimu zemini okanye abazicwangcisi ngoku baneefilitha ze-UVA kunye ne-UVB.

Iscreen selanga (ikwabizwa ngokuba lilanga elibonakalayo ilanga) luyindlela yendalo yokhetho lwelanga kunye neziqwengana kwaye ikwabonelela ngokukhuselekileyo ngokusebenzayo kwimisebe ye-UV. Ngokwahlukileyo kwimitha yelanga yemichiza, iimveliso zezimbiwa zisebenza kumgaqo owahlukileyo: iiminerali zendalo zikhona esikhumbeni kwaye zibonakalisa imitha ye-UV engenayo njengesipili sokukhanya. Ezi zihluzo zemvelo ze-sunscreen zisebenza ngokukhawuleza emva kwesicelo kwaye azisebenzi-iihomoni. Imibala yeminerals yemvelo kwi-emulsion nayo iyabonakala: Ngokukhanya okubonakalayo kubonaka ngathi ngomphunga omhlophe, ulusu lubonwa lucekeceke kwaye luluhlaza. Ukuqhela kuyo.

Kwincoko noDkt. UDagmar Millesi, ingcali yeplastikhi kunye notyando lobugcisa bekhrim yelanga, ukutshiswa lilanga kunye neC.

Ilanga: Kwenzeka ntoni kulusu?
UMillesi: "Ilanga likhupha imisebe ye-UV. Oku kukhokelela ekukhutshweni kwabathunywa abathile njenge-histamine okanye ii-interleukins esikhumbeni. Ukukhupha imitha egqithisileyo kubangela ukuncipha kwemithambo yegazi, ubomvu kunye nokudumba kwendawo echaphazelekayo yesikhumba. Ukulungisa okanye ukutshisa sisiphumo. Oku kuqubuka kolusu lubizwa ngokuba lilanga. Xa utshiswa lilanga kakhulu, ikwabangela ukugqabhuka kwaye ihlala inomkhuhlane, isicaphucaphu, ukubanda kunye nokugabha. Ukutshiswa lilanga kukutsha kolusu kwaye kufanele kuthintelwe kuzo zonke iindleko. "

Isebenza njani i-sunscreen?
UMillesi: "Iikhrim zelanga zihlutha imitha yelanga ye-UV kwaye ke loo nto yandise isikhuseli esikhuselweni kwimitha yelanga. Umahluko ziikhrimu zeelanga ezinokusebenza ngokomzimba okanye kweekhemikhali. Iifilitha ze-UV zeekhemikhali zingena esikhumbeni emva kokufaka kwaye zenze uhlobo lwefilimu yangaphakathi yokukhusela. Oku kuguqula imitha ye-UV ibe kukukhanya kwe-infrared kwaye ngenxa yoko ishushu. Umngeni kukuba ezi khrimu zelanga emva kokuba zenziwe malunga nemizuzu ye-30, ukongeza, abanye abantu bayasabela kuyo. Amacebo okucoca emzimbeni awangeni esikhumbeni kodwa enza ifilimu ekhuselayo engaphandle kolusu. Ngenxa yoko, iirisk ze-UV zikhuselekile okanye zibonakalisiwe. Inzuzo yezi zikhondo zelanga kukuba zikwazi ukunyamezelana kakuhle. "

Ngaba ikhona indawo elangeni?
UMillesi: "Eyona ndawo ilungileyo yelanga kukuphepha ukubonakala kwelanga. Ke musa ukuziveza kwi-placid ilanga lasemini, jonga iindawo ezinomthunzi kwaye unxibe iimpahla kunye nentloko elangeni. Kwakhona ezinye ioyile zinokusebenza njengokukhanya kwelanga, njengeoyile yesesame, ioyile yekhokhonathi okanye ioyile ye-jojoba. Ezi zihlangu kuphela i-10-30 ipesenti yeerali ze-UV. Kodwa umntu akufanele alibale ukuba ukukhanya kwelanga kufezekisa imisebenzi ebalulekileyo emzimbeni womntu. Ivula ukuvelisa ivithamin D, inefuthe elibalulekileyo kwizinto zesithunywa, ezinje ngeSerotonin, kwaye inokuthi ichaphazele namahomoni. "

Photo / Ividiyo: Shutterstock.