UStefan Tesch
Le bhili ayisebenzi: Ngubani one-euro enye, akanakusebenzisa ezimbini. Yintoni eyaziwa ngumntwana ngamnye ngemali yepokotho ayisebenzi kwilizwe jikelele. Ngaba uyakholelwa eqongeni? "Usuku lwe-Overshoot yomhlaba", Sichitha malunga kabini ngonyaka ngento enokuveliswa yiplanethi yethu kwezixhobo. Thabatha amanqatha kanjalo. Kulo nyaka sinayo kwi-2. Ngo-Agasti sisebenzise umthwalo wethu wonyaka. Kwaye ngoku?
Usuku lweOvershoot sesinye sezibonakaliso ezininzi zokuba thina bantu asiyilawuli ngokugqibeleleyo iplanethi yomhlaba. Asimxhaphazi nje kuphela, kodwa sikwenza omnye nomnye. Yintoni ekufuneka itshintshe? Abameli bezinye iindlela zoqoqosho bayavuma ukuba ikamva kufuneka libe luhlaza. Intlalontle yoluntu, amaxabiso entlalontle kunye nokwehliswa kokungalingani kufuneka kuthathe indawo kumanani angenanto njengokukhula kweGDP. Zininzi iindlela zokufika apho: uqoqosho olujikelezayo, ukuthotywa, ukukhula emva kokukhula, iBuen Vivir-ukubala nje ezimbalwa.
Olunye uqoqosho lwexesha elizayo
"Ecommony"
Ingcali yezoqoqosho uFriedrike Habermann umele le modeli, ipun ngo "Commons" kunye "noqoqosho". Ikhredithi yabo: ubunini endaweni yepropathi, kuba ipropathi isekwe ngaphandle. Ukuba unayo into, ubakhuphe abanye ekubeni bayisebenzise, nokuba awuyifuni okwangoku. Zonke iimpahla kufuneka zilungile, kwaye zibe zezomntu ngexesha lokusetyenziswa kuphela. Amanqanaba omsebenzi kwi-ECommony njengemisebenzi eyahlukileyo ". Abantu kufuneka benze ngenxa yokuba baziva ngathi bayayifuna into kwaye bayayibona ingeyomfuneko, kungengenxa yokuba kufuneka befumane imali. Imali kunye nenkqubo yamaxabiso zibhalwe ngaphezulu kwi-ecommony, eyibona njengenye indlela yobungxowankulu.Uqoqosho oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka
Ngokwembono kasomashishini waseBelgium uGunter Pauli, iinkampani zimele ukufumana izibonelelo ngokuyinkunkuma ngokuyinkunkuma. Utshintsho kuqoqosho olujikelezayo kufuneka lujikeleze i-100 yezigidi zemisebenzi, enokuguqula yonke inkqubo yezoqoqosho.Uqoqosho lweSteady State
Uqoqosho alusakhuli ngokwasemzimbeni, kodwa luyaqhubeka nokukhula kwinqanaba elilungileyo, elizinzileyo losetyenziso. Kule modeli, uqoqosho lugxunyekwe kwiinkqubo zendalo ekufikelelwe kuyo kwimida. Ukukhula okungaphezulu kungakhokelela ekuxhaphazeni okungakumbi. Imfuno ephambili luluntu olungaguqukiyo, kuba ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, ukukhula koqoqosho bekudityaniswe ngamandla nokukhula kwenani labemi.I-Buen Vivir, iDrgrowth kunye ne-Co Zonke zilandelela iindlela ezifanayo, ezokwandisa ubungxowankulu bokuqala kwicandelo lomntu kwaye lingasebenzi ngenkani kukhulo lwe-GDP.
Ukulunga okuqhelekileyo endaweni ye-GDP
Ixesha elidluleyo likamva ngoku. Nangona singenakuguqula okwenzekileyo ukuza kuthi ga ngoku. Kodwa ngenxa yokufunda kwiimpazamo ngakumbi. "Impumelelo yezoqoqosho okwangoku alilinganiswa ngeenjongo, kodwa ngeendlela, ngokukodwa kwimali," utshilo uChristian Felber. Ungomnye wabameli ababalaseleyo kuqoqosho oluqhelekileyo oluhle (GWÖ) e-Austria. Eyona njongo iphambili kukuchuma, kwimbono kaFelber othetha "ukulunga". Inezinto isidima somntu, ukuzinza kwendalo, ubulungisa bezentlalo kunye nokuthatha inxaxheba. Imali kunye nemali eyinxalenye kuphela yendlela esemthethweni yokuphelisa hayi imilinganiselo yobutyebi.
Kodwa linda, ayisiyiyo na iMveliso yeKhaya ePheleleyo (i-GDP) esibonisa isilinganiselo sobutyebi? U-Felber uthi, "Hayi, kuba imali ayivumeli izigqibo ezizizo malunga nezinto zentlalo kunye nokusingqongileyo. Ukuba uthatha ingxelo yemali yendlela yenkampani, iphepha elibonisa imali elingaphezulu alibonisi ukuba inkampani iyayenza na le nkampani ngenani ye-GWÖ. , I-GWÖ ayiziboneli njengenye imodeli, kodwa njengolwandiso lwangoku. Ayitsho into yokuba ama sheet asezantsi ahlala kufuneka ebekhona, kodwa ngokwabameli bale ithiyori - baya konyuswa babandakanye okuhle.
Enye indlela ziingxelo ezizinzileyo. Ezi sele zikhona, kodwa isikhundla esithile kudidi "Greenwashing". Ukwazisa umgangatho ofanayo, abaphembeleli bendawo be-GWÖ beza nemixholo yezihloko ze20 zokuba, phakathi kwezinye izinto, bavavanye impembelelo yenkampani kubaxhasi, kubathengi nakwabasebenzi.
Kwaye loo nto iyenzela ntoni inkampani? UFelber uthi: "Nabani na okhuthaza iimveliso ezingcono zokuziphatha kufuneka avuzwe ngomthwalo werhafu omncinci, amatyala asezantsi kunye nokubekwa phambili kwimpahla yoluntu," utshilo uFelber. Oku kukhokelela kwiimeko zokuvelisa ezixabiso eliphantsi kunye neendlela eziphezulu zokwenza inzuzo.
Umxholo oqhelekileyo olungileyo
Kuthekani ngemibutho evela kumashishini "amdaka"? Inkampani yensimbi iVoest, umzekelo, inoxanduva lwesiqingatha sokusetyenziswa kombane e-Austria kwaye ikwangoyena mxhasi mkhulu we CO2 kweli lizwe. Ngaba le nkampani ingalwenza njani uvavanyo olululo phantsi kweemeko ze-GWÖ? Oko kusebenza kuphela kwinqanaba lehlabathi. I-GWÖ inika amanqaku amane:
1. Ulawulo Lwezixhobo zeHlabathi: Isitshixo sokuhambisa siyadingeka kuzo zonke izixhobo zehlabathi, njengakwinqanaba le-UN. Sisebenzisa umzekelo wokuveliswa kwensimbi, oku kunokuba sisicwangciso esichanekileyo sokuba ingakanani intsimbi evunyelweyo ukuba iveliswe emhlabeni jikelele. Imveliso yentsalela - njengangoku e-China ekhokelela ekulahleni nasekuxhatshazweni, iya kuchaswa.
2. Uhlengahlengiso lwerhafu yendalo: Intsimbi okanye izinto ezikhutshwayo eziveliswa ngexesha lokuvelisa, ezinjengekhabhoni, zirhafiswa kwinqanaba elinye lehlabathi. Oko kulawula ixabiso.
3. Iphepha elilungelelanisiweyo le-Commonwealth sheet: Iinkampani kufuneka ziphinde ziqwalasele kwakhona kwaye zivelise imeko-bume yendalo ngokwenziwa kwezinto ezintsha. Oku kubangela inzuzo ephezulu ngenxa yerhafu esezantsi.
4. Amandla okuthenga ngokwendalo: Izixhobo zeplanethi zihanjiswa kubo bonke abantu ngendlela yeakhawunti yonyaka. Wonke ummi unamandla okuthenga endalo ngonyaka, ukongeza kwimali yenkqubo. Amaxabiso eemveliso kunye neenkonzo alungile kuzo zombini "iiarhente zemali". Ulwabiwo ngalunye lutya ii-ecopoints kwi-akhawunti, kunye neemveliso ezingcolisayo ikakhulu. Ukuba i-akhawunti iphelelwe lixesha, unokuthenga kuphela ukhuselekile ngokwendalo.
Intsebenziswano endaweni yokhuphiswano
Imodeli yoqoqosho oluqhelekileyo olufanelekileyo ayiziboni njengenye indlela yobungxowankulu, kodwa njengomdlalo omtsha ohlukileyo. Endaweni yokukhona ucinga ngokukhuphisana nokukhuphisana, uqoqosho kufuneka lujolise kwintsebenziswano.
Ngaba uluvo loluntu lwasemva kokukhula luyinto esebenzayo? Akunjalo konke. "Iinkampani ezininzi ezizinzileyo sele zihamba kancinci ukuya kweli cala," utshilo uTristan Horx, umphandi we-trend ku Zukunftsinstitut, Unyango olunoxanduva lokuziphatha okusingqongileyo kunye nokuzibophelela ngakumbi kwezentlalo zizibonakaliso zoku. Ukongeza, uqoqosho lokwabelana linyathelo lokulwa nokukhula.
USodolophu wehlabathi
Uqoqosho lusebenza kwihlabathi jikelele, kodwa sihlala kwizizwe-zesizwe. Yiloo nto ezopolitiko zisoloko zingenamandla nxamnye neenkampani zamanye amazwe kunye namaqhinga abo okuphepha irhafu, "utsho uHorx. Umbono wakhe, athe wawupapasha kwingxelo esandula kupapashwa "iGeneration Global", unyanzelisa ukuba uqoqosho lwasekhaya nolwezepolitiki kudlule kwilizwe liphela. Zombini ezi nkqubo kufuneka zinikezelwe kuwo onke amanqanaba.
Isebenza njani le nto? Umzekelo ngu "IPalamente yeHlabathi yoosodolophu". Ukusukela kunyaka ophelileyo, oosodolophu be-61 metropolises kwihlabathi kanye ngonyaka kangangeentsuku ezimbini zokuxoxa, phakathi kwezinye, kuqoqosho, ukutshintsha kwemozulu kunye nokufuduka. Le yinkcazo entsha yegama elithi "iglobal" kuba oosodolophu banefuthe elomeleleyo lendawo kwaye kwangaxeshanye inethiwekhi yehlabathi.
Ukuqala izinto ezintsha yinto ephambili
Into angayaziyo umlimi, akayityi. Oku kuneziphumo ezibulalayo ngexesha apho iimeko zitshintsha ngokukhawuleza nangokukhawuleza. Ukuveliswa kobugcisa kudlula ingcinga yesizukulwana esidala. "Ungoyiki into entsha", utsho njalo uRené Massatti njengesazi sezentlalo. "Utshintsho oluhlala luhleli kufuneka luxhonywe ezingqondweni zabantu". Kungale ndlela kuphela apho ubuchule buza kwamkelwa buze busetyenziswe ngokuchanekileyo. Ukungalingani kwezentlalo kunye zedijithali. Kwangokunjalo, uMassatti ubhenela kurhulumente esithi: "Ukwenza izinto ezintsha makungayenzi into kubaqeshi hayi ezandleni zenkampani enkulu," utshilo uMassatti.
Iimpembelelo eziphambili zeetekhnoloji
Iitekhnoloji ezintsha ziya kutshintsha uqoqosho kunye nobomi. Nazi ezintathu zeetekhnoloji eziphambili zexesha elizayo.
Ubukrelekrele bokuzoba
Nangona umhla uhlehlisiwe kaninzi, kodwa ithiyori ibodwa ithi de ibe lixesha le-2045 umntu angazenza ngokwakhe. Yithi: Ubukrelekrele bokuziqhelanisa (AI) bunokujika busebenzise ubugcisa bezinto zokwenziwa (i-AI), umntu uye abe "ngumhle". Ukususela ngelo xesha ukuya phambili, ukusebenza kwe-AI kuya kudlula ngaphezulu komntu, ke ubuncinci imbono yombono wase-US uRay Kurzweil.
Uqikelelo olunje kufuneka luphathwe ngononophelo. Yintoni exhaphakileyo, nangona kunjalo, kukuba i-AI iya kuba nefuthe elikhulu kwikamva lethu. Iinkqubo ziya kuzisa ukusebenza kwengqondo, ngoko ke zicingele ngokwakho kwaye uzimele. Kwaye thina bantu senza ntoni emva koko? Umphengululi weendlela ezihambelana noHorx ubona intsingiselo yenkqubela phambili yezobuchwepheshe ekubuyiseleni imisebenzi ephucukileyo. Yimpazamo ukucinga ukuba kufuneka soyike ukungabinamsebenzi ngenxa yalonto ". Inye into eqinisekileyo, i-AI kunye neRobotic ziya kuphelisa imisebenzi. Kodwa "imfundo kufuneka iguquke ukuze abantu benze imisebenzi abangakwaziyo ukuyenza oomatshini," watsho njalo uRené Massatti. Amandla omntu kukungalindeleki kwemisebenzi yakhe, oko kukuthi, ubuchule bokuyila. Abantu baya kuhlala bedinga izisombululo zokuyila kwaye kuyathandabuza ukuba banokuthathwa ngokupheleleyo yi-KI.block Chain
Ngelixa ukufakwa kwamanani idijithali okwangoku kuhluma amashishini afana ne-Airbnb kunye ne-Uber kwaye kubangela ukuba enze amawaka ezigidi zeedola kwiminyaka embalwa, iBlockchain inokucoca ngokukhawuleza. Ithiyori, le teknoloji kungekudala iya kufuna ukuba kungabikho qonga linjenge-Airbnb ukuzisa iibhedi zasimahla kunye nabakhenkethi. "I-blockchain ithathwa njengento enokuphazamisa ukuphazamiseka," utsho uMassatti. Ukuqukumbela kwakhe: "Le iya kuba yinkqubela phambili yongxowankulu beqonga."Bioengineering
Umntu uya kuba nakho ukuzikhulisa ngokusebenzisa i-bionengineering, umzekelo, ukukwazi ukuboleka amandla angaphezu kwawemvelo okanye ubomi banaphakade. Uhlobo oluqinisekileyo luphiliso lokukhubazeka komzimba, njengezilwanyana ezikhutshwayo. Impembelelo ezingalunganga luluntu olunemigangatho emibini, kuba zizityebi kuphela ezinokwazi ukuguqula umzimba. Ke kukho umbuzo omkhulu wokuziphatha wokuba bangakanani na abantu abanokuguqulwa.
Photo / Ividiyo: Shutterstock.
