Sonja Bettel
Hwaro hwepiramidhi yanhasi yezvinodiwa, zvinonzi kuseka, hazvisisiri zvekuda kwemuviri, asi bhatiri uye WLAN. Muchokwadi, internet yakazove chikamu chakakosha chehupenyu hwevanhu vazhinji. Asi iyo inoshamisa yepasirese ine nyika ine nzvimbo yakasviba: kuvenga machira, cybercrime, hugandanga, kutsvedza, malware, zvisiri pamutemo makopi emabasa ekuratidzira uye zvakawanda zvinoratidzika kuita kuti internet yepasi rese ive nzvimbo ine njodzi.
Ndosaka zvisingashamisi kuti European Union iri kuwedzera kuyedza kugadzirisa nzvimbo ino nemitemo.
Anokakavara mutemo mutemo
Chinhu chekutanga copyright. Kwemakore mazhinji, pakave nekukurukurirana kwakawanda pamusoro pekuti vanyori vanogona kuchengetedzwa sei uye nekubhadharwa zvakafanira muzera rejigital kurwisa kutevedzera zvisiri pamutemo kwemabasa avo. Zvinenge zvakaringana pakureba pane kusawirirana pakati pezvakasikwa uye mavara uye vaparidzi. Kwenguva yakareba ivo vakarara kuburikidza neidi rekuti vateereri vatamira kuInternet uye havasati vangoishandisa chete, asi zvakare vakazvigadzira ivo pachavo - nemazipipi emabasa evamwe vanhu. Kana kutengesa kwakadonha, ivo vakumbira kugoverana mumari yepamhepo yemapuratifomu. Ivo vashandisi vanoda copyright iyo inosangana neazvino hunyanzvi uye hwemagariro chaiwo.
Mushure mekurwira kwenguva refu, kwakaomarara, rairo yeEuropean copyright yakabuda inounza dambudziko. Dambudziko nhamba yekutanga mutemo unowedzera we copyright, iyo inopa vaparidzi vepanhau rusununguko rwekuita kuti zvigadzirwa zvavo zvivepo kune imwe nguva yenguva. Izvi zvinoreva kuti injini dzekutsvaga, semuenzaniso, dzinogona kungoratidza zvinongedzo kune zvinyorwa zvine "mazwi mamwe". Chekutanga, izvi hazvizivikanwe zviri pamutemo, chechipiri, ma hyperlink anokosha chinhu muWorld Wide Web, uye chetatu, mutemo unobatanidza wekopokopo kuGermany, uko kwave kuripo kubva muna 2013, hauna kuunza iyo inotarisirwa-mari inowanikwa kune vaparidzi. Google yakatyisidzira kusaendesa vaparidzi veGerman uye yakazogamuchira rezenisi remahara reGoogle News.
Dambudziko nhamba yechipiri Chinyorwa 13. Zvinoenderana neizvi, zvirimo zvinofanirwa kutariswa kuitira kodzero dzekunyora zvisati zvaburitswa pamasocial network. Izvi zvinongoitika chete nemafirita ekuisa. Aya akaoma kugadzira uye anodhura, anodaro Bernhard Hayden, nyanzvi yekopi yesangano rekodzero dzevanhu chirowave.works: "Mapulatifomu madiki saka aifanira kutamba zvirimo kuburikidza nemafirita ezvikukuru mapuratifomu, izvo zvinotungamira kune imwe nzvimbo yekuongororwa kwezvivakwa muEurope." Mukuwedzera, mafirita haakwanise kusiyanisa kana izvo zvemukati zvichiputsa mutemo we copyright kana pasi pekuregerera sengere. etc. inodonha. Izvi zvinosarudzikawo zvinosiyana zvichienderana nenhengo yenhengo dzeEU. "Cherechedzo uye mutore pasi" mhinduro senge muUS inogona kubatsira zvakanyanya, anodaro Bernhard Hayden, uko mapuratifomu chete anofanirwa kubvisa zvirimo kana akumbirwa kuita kudaro nechiremera.
Vhoti pamutemo wekutungamira raive rakatetepa mukuda kwemitemo mitsva ine nharo. Iyo yenyika mamiriro emutemo anosarudzwa nenhengo dzeEU nyika pachezvadzo, saka hakuzove neanowanzo gadziriswa mhinduro yenzvimbo yese yeEU.
Murume wegirazi
Nhamo inotevera yekukurukurirana kwenhare ichangotenderedza pakona: iyo E-Evidence Regulation. Uku kudhanilodha kubva kuEEC Commission pakuyambuka-miganhu yekuwana kune yevashandisi data. Kana, senge muAustria, ndinofungidzirwa, semuenzaniso, wechiremera cheHungary che "rubatsiro kune kutama kusiri pamutemo", kureva kuti, tsigiro yevapoteri, anogona kukumbira nharembozha yangu yefoni kuti andipe nharembozha dzangu - pasina dare reAustria. Anopa wacho anozofanira kutarisa kuti izvi zviri pamutemo here kana kuti kwete. Izvi zvinogona kureva kuvandudza mutemo mutemo, ISPA inoshoropodza - Internet Service Vanopa Austria. Ruzivo rwaizofanirawo kupihwa mukati memaawa mashoma, asi vashoma varapi havana dhipatimendi repamutemo kutenderera nguva uye nekudaro vanogona kudzingwa mumusika nekukurumidza.
Kupfuura zhizha ra 2018, EU Commission yakagadzirisawo mutemo wekurwisa zvemagandanga, kunyangwe danho rekurwisa ugandanga rakatanga kushanda muna Kubvumbi 2017. Pano, zvakare, vatengesi vanofanirwa kusungirwa kubvisa zviri mukati mechinguva chipfupi pasina kutsanangura kuti chii chaizvo chinotyisa zvemukati.
MuAustria, iyo shanduko yeMutemo Wemvumo wemauto ichangobva kukonzeresa kufara, iyo inoitirwa kuita kuti vemauto vatore cheki muchiitiko che "kutuka" kune Federal Army uye kukumbira ruzivo nezve foni mbozha neInternet data yekubatanidza. Chinhanho chinotevera chinogona kunge chiri mutemo wekunyorwa kwekushandiswa kwemazita chaiwo uye zvimwe zviridzwa zvekutarisa nyika zvinogona kudzikisira kodzero dzakakosha, anodaro maneja maneja wesangano epicenter.works. "MuAustria pamwe neEU level, tinofanirwa kutarisa mitemo yese iri kuongorora," akadaro Thomas Lohninger.
SME vs. Network hofori
Vashandisi veInternet, kureva, isu tese, tinofanirwawo kutarisisa, nekuti muzviitiko zvakawanda makomisheni anomiririra kana makuru, emakambani epasi rose anoshanda eInternet anobatsirwa nemitemo mitsva yeInternet neye telecom. Ivo havabhadhara kunyange mutero kusvika kumakambani madiki. Izvi zvino zvaifanira kuchinjwa netero yedijiti, zvinoenderana neicho Facebook, Google, Apple uye Co vanofanirwa kubhadhara mutero kunogara vatengi vavo. Chimwe chinhu chakadai chiri kutariswa kuEU level; hurumende yeAustria yakazivisa yavo yekukurumidza mhinduro. Izvi zvinonzwisisika sei izvi, ingave zvinoenderana nemitemo iripo uye kana ichashanda ichiri kuvhurika.
Yakundikana mamiriro emutemo
Mune chero mamiriro ezvinhu, chinhu chimwe chakajeka: izvo zvisiri pamutemo zveshuwaiti hazvishandise zvishoma kune wega mushandisi. Nyaya yaSigrid Maurer, akabatwa chibharo kuburikidza neFacebook uye anofanirwa kubhadhara muripo wakakura mushure mekuburitswa kwemupostori uyu, asi asingakwanise kuzvidzivirira pakubatwa zvisina kufanira, inoratidza kuti mutemo wechokwadi unosara kumashure maererano neruvengo rwepamhepo. . Mutori wenhau Ingrid Brodnig, uyo akanyora mabhuku nezve ruvengo nenhema pamhepo, saka anoratidza kuti makambani makuru einternet anoda kuona pachena: Muchokwadi, vashandisi chete vanoonekera, iwo maratidziro emagariro haana. ”Zvinogona kuve zvichiitika kuti, semuenzaniso, masayendisiti anogona kuzviongorora kuitira kuti tizive chikonzero nei zvimwe zvotsvagurudzo dzekutsvaga kana kutumira mumasocial network zvinoratidzwa zvakarongeka. Zvekuti varidzi vakuru vepuratifomu havave vakanyanya kukura uye vaine simba rakanyanya, kududzira kwakasimba kwemutemo wemakwikwi kunenge kuchidikanwa.
Photo / Video: Shutterstock.
