Collectivism vs. munhu

"Nharaunda dzemazuvano dzinogona kuvapo chete kana paine hutano hwakakwana pakati pemubatanidzwa uye munhu."

Nyanzvi yezvezvematongerwo enyika Grigori Judin

Aiwa, pakanga pasina kuridza mhere muAlpine republic apo Austrian Chancellor Sebastian Kurz paakataura mukutaura kwake pasirese World Economic Forum Pakutanga 2020, pakati pemitsetse yakaratidza yakakosha kuchinja system. Kupararira, pfupi mapepanhau kuburitswa pasina kumwe kutsanangurwa, mashoma mashoma kubva kumaNGOs - ndizvozvo. Kubva kutanga kwegore, kuziviswa kwaKurz kwehondo pamubatanidzwa kwakashanda, izvo, maererano naye, zvakangounza chinhu chimwe chete: "... kutambudzika, nzara uye kusatenda kusingatendeke." European kukosha system. Nekuti pfupi inotaura "collectivism", inoita kuti iite senge "komisheni", asi asi inoda "neoliberalism" (ona maererano nemamiriro ekunze pano).

"Ini ndinofunga isu tese tinofanirwa kuchenjera kuti nyaya yekudzivirirwa kwemamiriro ekunze isashandiswa zvisirizvo kuchengetedza vakweguru." collectivist mazano kushambadza izvo zvakaramba zvichikundikana - zvisinei nepasirese - uye izvo zvinongounza chinhu chimwe chete: zvinoti kutambura, nzara nekusuwa kusingadaviriki. "

Chancellor Sebastion Kurz kuWorld Economic Forum 2020

Kutaura muDavos: Sebastian Kurz anoyambira nezve hunyengeri - asi anoda "kuchengetedzwa kwemamiriro ekunze"

Mutungamiri weAustria Sebastian Kurz akataura muhurukuro kuWorld Economic Forum (WEF) kuDavos kubatana pakati pePolor yakasununguka hupfumi…

Mushure mezvirevo

Asi chii chiri kukonzera mazwi ekubatanidzwa uye hunofungidzirwa kurwisa kwemunhu? Izvi zvinoreva maitiro akakosha anopa pekutanga kuunganidzwa - ndiko kuti, rezvematongerwo enyika, kana muchidimbu: kwatiri tese - kana kuti tinotarisisa pamunhu iye nezvaanofarira. Chinhu chimwe chete pakati: Izvo zvine zvishoma kuita nehukomunisheni. Zvakawanda zvinorehwa: Nharaunda inozvitsanangura sei?

Zvakakosha chaizvo: Kunyangwe kana kubatanidzwa uye kusanzwisisika zvikanzwisiswa zvisirizvo sevanopikisa, ivo vanomiririra miviri yakazvimiririra mukubatana.Kunyange kana nzanga yakatarisa kune zvakajairika kufarira, izvi hazvireve kutadzisa rusununguko rwevanhu. Asi: kuunganidza nekudyidzana kunokwanisawo kuita zvakasiyana zvishoma zvichienderana nemaonero, semuenzaniso pahupfumi, hwezvematongerwo enyika kana hwemagariro.

tsanangudzo
pazasi kubatanidzwa inonzwisiswa sisitimu yetsika uye tsika umo hupenyu hwemubatanidzwa hunotungamira zvakanyanya. Izvo zvinofarira zvemunhu zvinoiswa pasi kune avo veboka renharaunda zvakarongeka zvakabatana.
Der Munhu mumwe nemumwe Iyi ipfungwa yemafungiro uye tsika umo munhu ndiye anotariswa kwekutarisa.
Izvo zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti individualism uye kuunganidzwa mukuenzanisa kwetsika haisi yakatarisana nematanda eiyunifomu yehupamhi, asi mbiri dzakazvimiririra dzakakwana; kutaura zvazviri, munhu anozvimiririra uye akabatanidzwa anogadzirisa chaizvo zero mukuenzanisa kwetsika. * Kufanana nebasa revanhu, kubatanidzwa hakuzi rakaomeswa, sekungoti kune tsika dzakabatanidzwa munharaunda hazvireve kuti hunhu hwomunhu oga hahwirimo mariri.
S Source: D. Oyserman, HM Coon, M. Kemmelmeier: Kufunga zvevanhu uye zvakavanzika

Chikamu chezvematongerwo enyika

“Austria inzvimbo yegutsaruzhinji. Kodzero dzako dzinobva kuvanhu, ”inodaro Chinyorwa 1 mubumbiro reAustria. Sarudzo inoitwa pamberi pezvakawanda zvakasiyana maonero. Naizvozvo ibasa rehurongwa hwedemokrasi kuzvironga nenzira yekuti zvido zvemunhu zvakaenzana uye sarudzo dzakavakirwa pazvido zvinofungidzirwa, maererano neruzivo rwuripo.

Zvemagariro

Zvisinei nekuti munhu anotarisa sei kuzvitonga kuzere, budiriro yake yakavakirwa zvakanyanya pane zvavakaita mukufarira mubatanidzwa, huwandu hwese. Zviwanikwa izvo zviri izvo chete izvo socialism inogoneswa: kodzero dzevanhu, rusununguko rwekutaura, kubatana, kubatsirwa kwemagariro nevamwe vakawanda. Collectivist zvawanikwa, izvo shanduko yazvino yezvimiro kunehumwe kana neoliberalism falter.

Maitiro ekuenzanisira emunhu

Tora muenzaniso weU.SA: Chiroto cheAmerica chagara chiripo icho chemunhu - uye cherusununguko. Uye iye aratidzira kuti kuenzana kunogona zvakare kuve mubvunzo wezvemari, kuti kuchengetedza vanorwara haisi nyaya zvirokwazvo, icho chinopihwa mukukwegura hachishande kune wese munhu.

Russia ine nharo muenzaniso wakanaka wekuchinja muhurongwa hwekukosha nemhedzisiro yayo - mune zvematongerwo enyika uye munharaunda. "Russia ndeimwe yenyika dzakasarudzika," anotsanangura kudaro gurukota rezvemagariro evanhu Grigori Judin. Kunyangwe zvinhu zviviri zvakabatana nevanhu veSoviet, kuunganidza nekuvenga kuvenga. Judin: "Takatenga dhizaini yakasarudzika yerusununguko-rusununguko: rusununguko pasina rusununguko. Izvi zvinotiisa mune chinoshamisa manzwiro. Nekuti zvese zvidzidzo zvinoratidza kuti hapana chikonzero zvachose kufunga chero nezveSoviet kana nezvevanhu vanhasi veRussia. Chaizvoizvo, iyo juxtaposition yemunhu wega uye yakaunganidzwa chinhu chisina mubvunzo kubva pane maonero ehunhu hwesainzi: vanababa vayo vakatanga vaine hanya nekuumbwa. "

Chiyero

Kubva pane maonero emagariro, haisi nyaya yekusiyanisa rusununguko uye kubatana. Judin: "Nzanga dzemazuva ano dzinogona kuvapo kana paine hutano hwakanaka pakati pezviviri. Dambudziko redu nderekuti kune kunetsana kwakanyanyisa muRussia, kunodyiswa nekutya uye nekudaro kuchishanduka kuve nhabvu yemakwikwi, kuzere kutendana uye kuvengana. […] Kana iwe uchida kuzviita benzi iwe pachako, zvese zvaunofanirwa kuita kushandisa izwi rekuti "zvakajairika zvakanaka".

Asi izvo hazvifadze munhu wese, anotsanangudza nyanzvi yezvemagariro evanhu achiti: “Kana iwe ukati kune kushomeka kwehupenyu hwakaungana muRussia, zvinoreva zvakare kuti kudiwa kwacho kunogara kuripo. Pane zvikwangwani zvinoverengeka zvekuti vanhu vese vari kunetseka kurarama nekushomeka uku. [...] Munhu akasikwa nenzira yekuti anoda zvibatanidziro zvinangwa, kuzivikanwa. "

Chengetedzo pamwe chete

Asi kune mamwezve mafungiro: Icho chokwadi chekuti mamiriro ekunze ekudziya kwenharaunda, kusava nehanya uye udyire ndizvo zvakakonzera kusazvidzora, kuzviramba, kubatana, iroya pachinzvimbo chatinofanira kupomera huzivi hweGerman Alexander Grau sepfungwa isiriyo. Germany iri kunyura mukunyaradza kwakabatana: "Nharaunda yedu haisi yekungoita vanhu uye vanozeza rusununguko, rusununguko uye rusununguko. Kupesana kwakadaro. Kutya kwakanyanya uye kuremerwa nemhedzisiro yeanosununguka, mararamiro akasununguka, murume wemazuva ano anoshuvira kuchengetedzwa uye kuchengeteka. Zvinotanga padanho rekuraramira hupenyu hwepamhepo. […] Maitiro emunhu mumwe nemumwe, iyo postmodern nzira yehupenyu hwevanhu vakazvimirira? Pakunyatsonaka pane zvemukati. .

Huru rusununguko rwehupfumi?

Mafungiro mazhinji? Kana bodo. Ivo vanotaura nezve kuunganidza pamwe nekudyidzana mazuva ano ese kazhinji vanoreva nyaya inopisa yeololiberalism kana yehupfumi inosununguka. Uye kunyangwe kana izwi iri richikwanisa kunzwisiswa sepfungwa yezvematongerwo enyika kana pfungwa, chinhu chimwe chinorehwa pamusoro pezvose: kusununguka kwakawanda kwehupfumi, hwakabviswa pane hwakawanda hurongwa hwehurumende. Zvakanaka pasina mubatanidzwa uye vanobatana nevamwe. Saka munhu wega uye rusununguko rwemari. Liberalization yave kuenderera mberi kwenguva yakareba.Austria, semuenzaniso, vakatora nzira iyi makumi mashoma emakore apfuura pasi pechisarudzo chekuzvimiririra. Semuenzaniso, zvikamu zvehutano hwekuchengetedza hutano kana mabasa emagariro zvakabvira kare "zvakavanzika", kureva, "masangano" achivimba nemadiridziro kana "makambani" akatangwa. Nenzira, kunyanya pasi pezvematongerwo enyika kutungamirirwa uye kuraira.

Politics arikushanda ndiani? Vanhu?

Hazvinzwisisike? Iko kune vamwe vanoti nyika haichazadzise mabasa ayo ekutanga munharaunda (kana vanhu), vamwe vanofunga kuti basa iri harisati rambovepo uye richiripo. Hurumende ye republic inoshanda chete uye yega. Iko hakuna chinangwa chenyika "kugara zvakanaka kune vese" chakavakirwa mubumbiro. (Nenzira, pano pane chinyorwa chezvinangwa zvehurumende.) Mufungo weAustria Chancellor unoverenga kuti: "Ini ndinopika kuti ini ndichanyatso tarisisa bumbiro nemitemo yese yenyika uye kuti ndichaita basa rangu nekugona kwangu ruzivo uye kutenda." Hapana izwi rinoti chancellor riripo pane zvakanakira vese.

Chancellor Kurz haaite chakavanzika chezvinangwa zvake. Hupfumi hunoratidzika kunyanya hwakakosha kwaari, izvo zviri pamutemo zvinoenderana nemutemo wezvino: "Tinoda chinzvimbo chakakomberedzwa uye kuchengetedzwa kwemamiriro ekunze uye panguva imwecheteyo kusimba kwakasimba kwehupfumi uye kubudirira kwehupfumi uye ndine tarisiro yakakwana yekuti tinogona kubudirira kana isu seEuropean Union Vimba nesimba redu, paruzhinji rwakavhurika, paruzhinji rwedu rwemahara uye pamusoro pezvese hupfumi hwedu hwakasununguka uye hwakasimba muEurope. "

INFO: Ndiani anobatsira kubva kumatongerwo enyika?

Chinhu chimwe chine chokwadi: "Kugara zvakanaka kwevanhu" hakuna nzira yakasimbiswa mubumbiro. Chekungoti izwi rekuti "republic" rakanangana nekureva izvo zvakanaka zvese, rinogona kuverengwa pamawebhusaiti esemutemo www.oesterreich.gv.at uye www.parlament.gv.at. Hurumende ine basa re kududzirwa. “Kwenguva yakareba kubvira muzana rino ramakore rechi20, Wolfgang Mager kana Josef Isensee vakaona kudzikiswa kwechirevo nekushandisirwa kweshoko kweshoko. Izwi rekuti demokrasi rakatemwa uye rakatsiva izwi republic, richisanganisa kusiyana nekureva "hurumende yakasarudzwa nevanhu" (demokrasi) uye "zvematongerwo enyika vachisimbisa zvakanaka" (republic), sezvakataurwa naHans Buchheim " zvinodaro Wikipedia.

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