Zomwe zimayika demokalase pachiwopsezo

Ndani yekha eine Kufuna kuteteza gulu ku tsankho ndi kuzunzidwa sikuteteza kwenikweni demokalase

M'malo mosankhana mitundu, tiyeni tikambirane za "misanthropy yokhudzana ndi gulu". Tikukhulupirira kuti izi zidzathetsa kufunikira kwa zokambirana ngati wina ayenera kugwirizanitsa " tsankho ndi zotsutsana ndi Ayuda "kapena ngati wina ndi mtundu wina wa wina. Ndipo mwachiyembekezo kukambitsirananso ngati malingaliro odana ndi gulu lachipembedzo angafotokozedwe ngati kusankhana mitundu. Mawu akuti generic amaphatikizanso, mwachitsanzo, kugonana kwa amuna kapena akazi okhaokha, kutsika kwa anthu osowa pokhala, ogonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha komanso olumala.

Chidani chamagulu, chogwira ntchito komanso chandale

Ndikuwona magawo atatu a misanthropy yokhudzana ndi gulu:

1. Chidani chamagulu monga tsankho, stereotypes, kukhulupirira zikhulupiriro zachiwembu ndi zina zotero.
2. Udani wamagulu wamagulu monga zachipongwe, ziwawa, zochita zaudani ndi tsankho monga kupaka swastikas m'masunagoge kapena mizikiti, kunyoza manda, poyera kapena mwachinyengo kukana mamembala amagulu ena ntchito, kubwereka nyumba kapena kulowa mu bar, ndi zina zotero.
3. Ndale zotsutsana ndi magulu andale: kulimbikitsa kapena kulimbikitsa poyera kuchotseratu ufulu, kuthamangitsidwa kapena kupha magulu ena.

Gawo loyamba likuyimiranso chiwopsezo ku demokalase chifukwa zimapangitsa anthu kukhala pachiwopsezo chachiwiri ndi chachitatu. Zochita mu gawo lachiwiri nthawi zambiri zimagwirizananso ndi mgwirizano ndi gawo lachitatu. Gawo lachitatu ndikuwopseza mwachindunji demokalase: likufuna kuwononga zida za demokalase ndikuletsa ufulu wa anthu.

Tsopano tiyeni tiwone maphunziro awiri: a Lipoti la Anti-Semitism 2022 m'malo mwa Nyumba yamalamulo ndi Social Survey ya University of Salzburg 2018 Malingaliro kwa Asilamu ku Austria. M'matebulo onse, kuchuluka kwake kumayimira kuchuluka kwa mavoti "zowona kwambiri" ndi "zowona penapake." Ndibwera ku mfundo zazikulu pambuyo pake.

Lipoti la Anti-Semitism 2022 lolamulidwa ndi Nyumba yamalamulo

• Ayuda ndi amene amalamulira mabizinesi apadziko lonse lapansi: 36 peresenti
• Lerolino, mphamvu ndi chisonkhezero cha Ayuda m’manyuzipepala ndi ndale zapadziko lonse zikuwonekera mowonjezereka: 30 peresenti
• Ayuda ali ndi mphamvu zambiri ku Austria: 19 peresenti
• Akuluakulu achiyuda m'mabungwe apadziko lonse nthawi zambiri amakhala kumbuyo kwamitengo yaposachedwa: 18 peresenti
• Simungayembekezere Myuda kukhala wakhalidwe labwino: 10 peresenti
• Ndikadziwana ndi munthu, m’mphindi zochepa ndimadziwa ngati munthuyo ndi Myuda: 12 peresenti
• Kwa ine, Ayuda kwenikweni ndi nzika za Israeli osati Austrians: 21 peresenti
• Ayuda alibe chidwi cholowa m’dziko limene akukhala. Ichi ndi chifukwa chachikulu cha mavuto awo nthawi zonse: 22 peresenti
• Sizinangochitika mwangozi kuti Ayuda akhala akuzunzidwa kawirikawiri m’mbiri yawo yonse; Iwo ali ndi vuto linalake: 19 peresenti
• Ayuda lerolino akuyesera kupezerapo mwayi pa chenicheni chakuti anali mikhole m’nthaŵi ya chipani cha Nazi: 36 peresenti
• M’malipoti okhudza misasa yachibalo ndi kuzunzidwa kwa Ayuda m’Nkhondo Yadziko Lachiŵiri, zinthu zambiri zikukokomeza: 11 peresenti.
• Ndikutsutsana ndi mfundo yakuti anthu amabwereza mobwerezabwereza mfundo yakuti Ayuda anafa pa nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse: 34 peresenti
• Ngati Boma la Israeli kulibenso, ndiye kuti ku Middle East kudzakhala mtendere: 14 peresenti
• Poganizira ndondomeko zomwe Israeli akupanga, ndikumvetsetsa kuti anthu ali ndi kanthu kotsutsana ndi Ayuda: 23 peresenti
• A Israeli kwenikweni amachitira Palestina mosiyana ndi Ajeremani adachitira Ayuda mu Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yadziko Lonse: 30 peresenti

Zowonjezera zotsatirazi ku lipoti lodana ndi Ayuda ndizosangalatsanso. Kuŵirikiza katatu anthu angamve kusokonezedwa ndi anansi Asilamu oyandikana nawo kuposa Ayuda, koma koposa zonse ndi Roma·nja ndi Sinti·zze.

• Rom:nja ndi Sinti:zze: 37 peresenti
• Asilamu: 34 peresenti
• Anthu akuda: 17 peresenti
• Ayuda: 11 peresenti
• Ogonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha: 11 peresenti
• Anthu a ku Austria: 5 peresenti

Malingaliro kwa Asilamu ku Austria - Zotsatira za Social Survey 2018

• • Asilamu ku Austria akuyenera kutengera chikhalidwe chathu: 87 peresenti
  • Boma liyenera kuyang'anira madera achisilamu: 79 peresenti
  • Asilamu samayimira kulemeretsa chikhalidwe: 72 peresenti
  • Chovala chamutu ndi chizindikiro cha kuponderezedwa kwa amayi: 71 peresenti
  • Chisilamu sichikugwirizana ndi mayiko a Kumadzulo: 70 peresenti
  • Asilamu sayenera kuloledwa kuvala mpango kumutu kusukulu: 66 peresenti
  • Ndikuwopa kuti pali zigawenga pakati pa Asilamu ku Austria: 59 peresenti
  • Chikhulupiliro pakati pa Asilamu chiyenera kukhala choletsedwa: 51 peresenti
  • Nthawi zina Asilamu amandipangitsa kudzimva ngati mlendo ku Austria: 50 peresenti
  • Sitiyenera kulolera mizikiti ku Austria: 48 peresenti
  • Asilamu sayenera kukhala ndi ufulu wofanana ndi aliyense ku Austria: 45 peresenti

Mwachiwonekere mafunso ofunsidwa mu maphunziro awiriwa ndi osiyana. Komabe, kafukufuku nthawi zambiri amawunika pasadakhale mafunso omwe ali ofunikira. Pachifukwa ichi, mabuku asayansi amagwiritsidwa ntchito kapena maphunziro oyambirira akuchitika. Mulimonsemo, lipoti la anti-Semitism silimafunsanso funso la ufulu wofanana kwa Ayuda kapena kuvomereza masunagoge, mwina chifukwa palibe zotsatira zoyenera zomwe zinkayembekezeredwa.

Zofuna kulandidwa ndale

Mu lipoti lodana ndi Ayuda ndinangopeza mawu amodzi omwe akufanana mwachindunji ndi kusaloledwa kwa ndale kwa Ayuda: "Kwa ine, Ayuda kwenikweni ndi nzika za Israeli osati Austrians." Anthu 21 pa 14 alionse omvetsa chisoniwa amagwirizana ndi mawu amenewa, omwe akusonyeza kuti Ayuda ayenera kuonedwa ngati alendo. Mwina chiwerengerochi chingakhale chifukwa chofunsa mwachindunji funso la kufanana. Mawu akuti "Ngati dziko la Israeli silinakhalepo, ndiye kuti ku Middle East kudzakhala mtendere," yomwe imagawidwa ndi XNUMX peresenti, ikugwirizana ndi ndondomeko zakunja, koma sizinapangidwe ndendende. Ngati cholinga chake ndi kuthamangitsa kapena kupha Ayuda mu Israeli, n’zoonekeratu kuti n’zotsutsana ndi anthu. Ndi chinthu chosiyana ngati izi zikutanthawuza njira yothetsera dziko limodzi, dziko la demokalase kwa nzika zake zonse - zonyenga monga momwe zingawonekere. Izi sizingakhalenso Israeli wamakono, yemwe amadzifotokoza yekha ngati dziko lachiyuda.

Komabe, m’kafukufuku wokhudza kudana ndi Asilamu, ndinapeza mawu asanu amene ndimawaona kukhala kudana ndi magulu andale zadziko: Chodetsa nkhaŵa kwambiri n’chakuti 45 peresenti amanena mosapita m’mbali kuti: “Asilamu sayenera kukhala ndi ufulu wofanana ndi wa aliyense ku Austria.” 48 peresenti sakufuna kulolera mizikiti, 51 peresenti akufuna kuwona ziletso pakugwiritsa ntchito chikhulupiriro kwa Asilamu, ndipo 79 peresenti akufuna kuti boma liziwunika madera achisilamu. Pakhoza kukhalanso zifukwa zophunzitsira zomwe zimapangitsa kuti aletse chiletso cha scarf m'masukulu, chomwe chimagawidwa ndi 66 peresenti, ngati cholinga chake ndi kufuna kulekanitsa chipembedzo ndi sukulu. Komabe, malinga ndi momwe zimatchulidwira kwa azimayi achisilamu okha, zikuyimira kufuna kulandidwa.

Menyani mitundu yonse ya udani wamagulu 

onse Mitundu ya nkhanza yokhudzana ndi magulu imayika demokalase pachiwopsezo chifukwa tsankho ndi malingaliro a anthu zitha kusanduka zochita, makamaka ngati zichititsidwa dala ndi kudyeredwa masuku pamutu ndi okonda ndale. Koma ndani? eine amangofuna kulimbana ndi mawonekedwe enieni eine Kuwona mawonekedwe ngati chiwopsezo ku demokalase sikuteteza kwenikweni demokalase. Pali wina ku Austria Anti-Semitism Reporting Center, mmodzi Documentary center for anti-Muslim racism, malo opangira malangizo a Aromani ndi Sinti, omwe adatulutsa lipoti Antigypsyism ku Austria nkhani. Monga ndikudziwira, kalabu yokha ndiyomwe imapereka Zara Malipoti pa mitundu yonse ya tsankho ndipo amapereka malangizo ndi chithandizo onse omwe amakhudzidwa ndi misanthropy yokhudzana ndi magulu omwe amatembenukira kwa iye.

Tiyenera kukhala omveka bwino: mutha kulimbana ndi malingaliro odana ndi Asilamu ndikukhala anti-Semitic nthawi yomweyo. Mutha kulimbana ndi anti-Semitism ndikukhala odana ndi Asilamu nthawi yomweyo. Mungathe kulimbana ndi anti-Romaphobia kapena homophobia kapena kugonana komanso nthawi yomweyo kunyoza magulu ena kapena kufuna kuwaletsa. Mutha kulimbana ndi mtundu wina wa tsankho ndikukhala watsankho nthawi yomweyo. Ngati mukufunadi kuteteza demokalase osati zokonda zamagulu, muyenera kulimbana nazo aliyense mtundu wa misanthropy yokhudzana ndi magulu, makamaka motsutsana ndi mitundu ya ndale.

Chithunzi chachikuto: March Against Racism 2017, chithunzi: Garry Knight, pagulu