Kodiulendo wamzindawo ukupita kuti?

"Monga mtundu wa kubwezera kuthana ndi kudalirana kwa mayiko, m'zaka zaposachedwa zikuyenda ku zigawo, zomwe zayesera kuchitika kuchokera komwe zidachokera."
Harry Gatterer, Zukunftsinstitut Vienna

Amatengedwa - m'lingaliro la mafashoni - moyo wa anthu akunja, miyambo ndi zikhalidwe zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mzinda ubwerere komwe iwo ali: kugwera kudziko losadziwika kapena losadziwika. Mlendo wakomweko. Ndipo ngakhale atolankhani, kudalirana kwa mayiko ndi ma mayendedwe apadziko lonse lapansi, kuchezera matawuni olimbitsa thupi kumakhalabe kosangalatsa: mizinda yamakono ikukhala, ikusintha, ikudziwonjezera yokha.

Mizinda yayikulu

Ndi mizinda yanji padziko lonse lapansi yomwe ili alendo aposachedwa, alendo ogulitsa ma kirediti kadi pachaka a Master Card - ndipo amakhala m'mizinda momwe amafikirako. M'malo omwe 2016 Bangkok idasiyira onse - ndi alendo XMUMX miliyoni, patsogolo pa London (21.5 miliyoni) ndi Paris (19,9 miliyoni). Chodabwitsa kwambiri ndi kudumpha kwa Dubai pamtundu wapamwamba ndi alendo a 18 miliyoni, patsogolo pa New York (15.3), Singapore (12.8), Kuala Lumpur (12.1), Istanbul (12), Tokyo (11.9 Mio .) ndi 11.7 Seoul Square yokhala ndi alendo 10 miliyoni.
Koma munjira yothamangiramo mumabisala mosiyana kwambiri, chifukwa malo athu okhala ndiomwe amapezeka. Mwachitsanzo, Osaka wakwanitsa kuloza kukula kwamphamvu pakati pa alendo apadziko lonse lapansi, kuchuluka kwa makasitomala a 24,2 akukwera mzaka zisanu ndi ziwiri zapitazi. Zoneneratu zikuwonekeranso komwe zikuyenda (zomwe zimaphatikizanso kuyendera akatswiri): Chengdu (20.1 peresenti), Abu Dhabi (19.8 peresenti), Colombo (19.6 peresenti), Tokyo (18.5%), Riyadh (16.5 peresenti), Taipei (14.5 Peresenti), Xi'an (14.2 peresenti), Tehran (13 peresenti) ndi Xiamen (12,9 peresenti).

Kuphatikiza apo, mizinda yambiri pakadali pano ikumana ndi gawo lofunika kusintha, zomwe zimapangitsa zinthu kukhala zosangalatsa kwambiri. Ena akuchulukirachulukira kuwonjezeka kwa megacities, monganso momwe zilili ku Laos kapena ku Nigeria. Ku India kapena China, kumbali ina, kupita patsogolo kumeneku kwayandikira kutha, ndipo mizindayi ikusintha kukhala malo okhala chifukwa chachitukuko. "Ntchito zokopa alendo ndi zochitika padziko lonse lapansi. Monga mtundu wa kubwezera motsutsana ndi kudalirana kwa mayiko, m'zaka zaposachedwa zomwe zikuyenda zigawo, zomwe zayesera kudziwitsa zakomwe zidachokera, zidayambitsa, "akufotokoza ofufuza zakale a Harry Gatterer a Zukunftsinstitut Vienna.

Zochitika kumadera a EU

M'malo odziwika kwambiri a 30, malinga ndi malo okhala osakhalitsa, asanu ndi mmodzi anali ku Spain (Canarias, Cataluña, Illes Balears, Andalucía, Communidad Valenciana ndi Communidad de Madrid), France (Île-de-France, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, Rhône-Alpes, Languedoc-Roussillon, Aquitaine ndi Brittany) ndi Italy (Veneto, Tuscany, Lombardia, Emilia-Romagna, Lazio ndi Provincia autonoma di Bolzano / Bolzano).
Kuphatikiza apo, anayi mwa madera otchuka kwambiri a zokopa alendo ku EU, 30, adapezeka ku Germany (Upper Bavaria, Berlin, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern ndi Schleswig-Holstein), awiri aliwonse ku Greece (Notio Aigaio ndi Kriti) ndi Austria (Tyrol ndi Salzburg) ndi amodzi ku Ireland (Kumwera ndi Eastern), Croatia (Jadranska Hrvatska), Netherlands (Noord-Holland) ndi United Kingdom (Inner London).

Mzinda woyamba umayenda

Chikhumbo chofuna kudziwa zosadziwika kwa nthawi yayitali ndichikhalidwe chachitali. Kale ku Middle Ages oyendayenda oyendayenda adayamba ulendo wawo wopita kumalo opembedzera. Kumayambiriro kwa Renaissance, kuwonongeka kwa mzinda mpaka kufika pachimake: Pa "Grand Tour" achinyamata olemekezeka amayenera kulandira sitima yomaliza ya maphunziro awo atamaliza. Ulendo wamaphunziro unabadwa. Ndipo kupita kumizinda ikuluikulu kunali kwamawonekedwe abwino. Nthawi yomweyo, zochitika zofunikira kwambiri zakale monga Council of Trent kapena Congress of Vienna zidakopa unyinji wa apaulendo.

Ulendowu umakhala wofunika

Ndipo kuyenda mtunda wautali kunasungidwa kwa olemera okha. Pazaka za 1980er zokha zomwe zimadutsa bwino kutchuthi kopita ku holide: Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, malo opita kumzindawu amapikisanirana ndi omwe amawagwiritsa ntchito kunyanja ndi kumidzi kuzungulira komwe kuli alendo ochulukirapo. Malinga ndi World Tourism Organisation UNWTO, 2016 inali ndi alendo okwana mabiliyoni angapo a 1,24 omwe akuyenda padziko lonse lapansi, kusiya ndalama zambirimbiri zaku 1,2 m'maiko omwe akuchita. Ndipo kuyenda komwe akupitako sikungakhudzidwe. Ngati 1995 anali oyenda 528 miliyoni, UNWTO ikulosera kuti pakubwera alendo mabiliyoni a 2030 padziko lonse lapansi kwa 1,8.
Monga momwe Europe hotspots yotchulidwa ku Europe imagwirira ntchito kuphatikiza omwe amaganiza ngati Milan, Prague, Dublin, Edinburgh, Reykjavik, Florence ndi Stockholm. Akonzi a Option anasangalalanso ndi Barcelona, ​​Berlin, Copenhagen, Amsterdam, Lisbon ndi Paris.

Malo apamwamba a 10 ku Austria nthawi yotentha

atagona usiku wonse
Vienna chonse - 1.477.739
Sankt Kanzian am Klopeiner Onani (chithunzi) - 498.541
Salzburg - 374.690
Podersdorf am See - 290.653
Radkersburg yoipa - 289.731
Schladming - 273.557
Graz - 259.724
Tatzmannsdorf woyipa - 251.803
Hofgastein woyipa - 234.867
Innsbruck - 227.683

Malo apamwamba a 10 ku Austria nthawi yozizira

atagona usiku wonse
Vienna chonse - 1.345.926
Schladming (chithunzi) - 354.900
Salzburg - 328.932
Hofgastein woyipa - 250.986
Tatzmannsdorf woyipa - 245.127
Saalbach-Hinterglemm - 242.209
Graz - 238.530
Waltersdorf woipa - 234.994
Obertauern - 230.955
Radkersburg yoipa - 228.384

Kuyenda kosatha

Pakufufuza kochokera ku WU Institute for International Marketing Management ndi Competence Center for Empirical Research Njira za WU, kafukufuku wapa intaneti adafunsa kuchuluka kwa momwe kasitomala wodalirika amayendera. Maganizo abwino pamutu wokhazikika adatsimikizika kuti ndiwofunikira. Chofunikira china ndikufunika kwachisangalalo munthawi yomwe kasitomala achita: Ngati chitsimikiziro chazomwe chimasungidwa chikuwoneka ngati chofunikira pagulu la abwenzi kapena m'banjamo, anthuwo amasankha oyang'anira mayendedwe ovomerezeka. Kuphatikiza apo, makasitomala amaika mtengo pakukhulupirira komanso kuwonekera pofika pazisindikizo zabwino. Chifukwa chake, ma certification amakhala amtengo wapatali kuposa zisindikizo zamkati chifukwa amaphatikiza njira zazitali, zopangika komanso zowonekera.

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