Elisabeth Oberzaucher
Kuti tidzipereke tokha kutengera zitsanzo ndi mtundu wa munthu. Mu biology, izi zimadziwika kuti kuphunzira kwa anthu. Poyerekeza ndi mitundu ina yophunzirira yomwe munthu ali payekha, kuphunzira payekhapayekha, kapenanso kuphunzira mowonera, zimabweretsa zabwino zambiri: simuyenera kuyesa chilichonse nokha, simuyenera kukhala opanga kwambiri, ndipo simuyenera kulakwitsa nokha. Chifukwa chake kuphunzira paubwino ndi njira yabwino yopezera maluso ndi njira zopangira zisankho. Sikuti munthu aliyense amabwera mwachitsanzo pazosankha. Yemwe timusankhe monga chitsanzo, zimadalira zina mwa zomwe tikuchita pa moyo wathu. Mu nthawi yaubwana, makolo ndi omwe amachititsa kwambiri ana. Zochita za omwe timayandikana nawo kwambiri zimawumba chikhalidwe chathu kuyambira tili ana. Mwachitsanzo, makolo omwe sakonda kudya masamba omwewo sangachite bwino kuti ana awo azidya mokwanira.
Koma chisonkhezero cha makolo pa ana awo chikucheperachepera ndi zaka: Makhalidwe a anthu akusunthika mowonjezereka molunjika kwa anzawo. Ngati, pa nthawi yakutha msinkhu, makamaka ndikukhazikika pagulu lomwe mukuyenda, anthu ena atha kukhala chidwi chathu atakula.
zitsanzo
Webusayiti yaku Britain YouGov.co.uk idachita kafukufuku pakati pa anthu 2015 m'maiko 25.000 mu 23, yomwe idayang'ana anthu otchuka komanso otengera m'dziko lililonse. Malo abwino kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi: Angelina Jolie (10,6), Bill Gates (9,2), Malala Yousafzai (7,1), Hillary Clinton ndi Barack Obama (6,4), Mfumukazi Elisabeth II (6,0) , Xi Jinping (5,3), Michelle Obama ndi Narendra Modi (4,8), Celine Dion (4,6), Ophra Winfrey (4,3), Papa Francis (4,1), Julia Roberts ndi Dalai Lama ( Nambala ya 4,0.
Kodi mumakhala bwanji chitsanzo?
Masiku ano, otengera zitsanzo amakhala anthu omwe ali pamaso pa anthu. Kufikira pagulu kumabweretsa maziko ofunikira kuti mukhale chitsanzo chabwino. Sikokwanira kuchita zinthu zazikulu, zosafunikira kwenikweni monga kuuza ena za iwo. Chifukwa chake, kuyimira pawayilesi ya anthu payekhapayekha amathandiza kwambiri pakupanga zitsanzo. Anthu omwe akuwatsata chidwi amamvetsera, ngakhale atha kupereka malingaliro oyenera pazomwe zili. Leonardo DiCaprio posachedwapa akhala ngwazi pa Facebook ndi pa Twitter komanso pazankhani zina chifukwa adayitanitsa chikhalidwe chokhazikika pamulomo wothokoza. Osati chifukwa cha ziyeneretso zake, kapena chifukwa cha machitidwe ake apadera, koma chifukwa cha kutchuka kwake, adakhala chitsanzo chodalirika.
Zowonadi, nthawi zina kuwonekera kogwira mtima kumawoneka ngati chinthu chokhacho chomwe chimatsimikiza kulimba ngati chitsanzo. Izi zimakhudzana ndi vuto lina lamaganizidwe: timakonda zinthu zomwe timazidziwa ndikupeza zokongola kwambiri. Chifukwa chake tikakhala kuti tili ndi chidwi chachikulu, timachikonda kwambiri.
Chifukwa chake, kupezeka kwa atolankhani kumapangitsa kuti anthu atengedwe kwambiri ngati apainiya ndi atsogoleri a malingaliro, mopitilira malire a luso lawo. Izi zakhazikitsidwa m'mbiri yathu ya chisinthiko. Ngakhale kuphunzira kwa anthu ndi njira yotsika mtengo yophunzirira zinthu zatsopano, siyenera kukhala yopanda tanthauzo konse. M'malo mwa nyama, kuphunzira nthawi zambiri kumangokhala machitidwe a anthu odziwika. Ma Conscerifics akunja sakhala odalirika monga zitsanzo ndipo satsatiridwa nthawi zambiri. Kukhalapo kwa atolankhani kumayambitsa ubale wachilendo ndi odziwika. Akatswiri enieni, omwe ali ndi zonena zawo pomwe ali ndi kena kake kothandizira pazinthu, sapeza izi. Chifukwa chake, modabwitsa, ife monga alendo sitimawawona kuti ndiosakhazikika, ngakhale kuti luso lawo lingakhale labwino.
Potsatsa, izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito: Nyenyezi zimalimbikitsa zinthu zamtundu uliwonse Tsopano sizingayembekezeredwe kuti oyenda malonda ali ndi ukadaulo wapadera pankhani ya chokoleti, kapena kuti wochita sewero waku America amadziwa zambiri za khofi kuposa munthu wamba waku Austria. Ngakhale zili choncho, makampani akufika kwambiri m'matumba awo kuti alumikizane nkhope yodziwika ndi zomwe amapanga. Ngakhale kutsatsa kumangokhala pa malingaliro a akatswiri, sikumachita monga momwe mungayembekezere, kuli kwenikweni paukadaulo: M'malo mulole akatswiri ambiri azilankhula, munthu amakhala ngati akatswiri. Njira imeneyi imafunikira nthawi yochulukirapo - kuzolowera zamtunduwu sizinapangidwebe - koma zitha kupambana patapita nthawi.
Sayansi silipereka mawu okhudzana ndi 100. Koma palibe china chomwe chimasangalatsa anthu ngati mkangano wachitsanzo chabwino.
Zitsanzo ndi akatswiri olankhulana
Pakadali pano, anthu omwe angakhale zitsanzo zabwino ndi omwe amatha kutumiza mauthenga mosavuta. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kupeza chilankhulo chomwe chimamveka. Ndiponso, anthu nthawi zambiri amakhala opambana anthu. Chidziwitso chapamwamba chomwe nyenyezi zimakhala nacho pamitu yomwe amalankhula chimapangitsa kuti zisakhale zofunikira kukulunga mauthenga omwe akufuna kufikitsa m'mawu osavuta. Asayansi makamaka amakhala ndi vuto losiyana ndi izi: kukhala ndi chidziwitso chakuya nthawi zambiri kumapangitsa kuti asamalepheretse mawu kuti asamayende bwino. Kutulutsa kwa mawu apakati kuchokera ku ntchito ya sayansi kumayimira ntchito yopanda tanthauzo. Sayansi, yomwe imagwirizana ndi zothekera ndi magawidwe, sizipereka zana lililonse. Koma palibe china chomwe chimasangalatsa anthu ngati mkangano wachitsanzo chabwino.
Makhalidwe abwino
Omwe ali zitsanzo zabwino ndi anthu omwe amaphatikiza mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana:
a) Mutha kudalira zofunikira zomwe zimakupatsirani akatswiri.
b) Ali ndi chidziwitso chakuwonetsa kutulutsa uthenga wawo.
c) Amatha kutumiza mauthenga kuti anthu amvetsetse.
Popeza nkhumba yokhala ndi ubweya yokhala ndi mazira yokhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yotere imakhala yochepa, funso limabuka, ngati tingayembekezere asayansi ndi akatswiri, atengera chitsanzo chathu. Zitha kukhala zofunikira kwambiri kugawa ntchitozo mwanjira yoti anthu olankhula bwino azidziwitsidwa bwino ndi akatswiri kuti athe kugwira bwino ntchito yawo momwe angathere. Makamaka pazolumikizana za sayansi, magawidwe a maudindo pakati pa asayansi ndi atolankhani asayansi akutuluka: Asayansi amayang'ana kwambiri popanga chidziwitso chatsopano ndikuchifotokozera pagulu la asayansi. Mlatho pakati pa kafukufuku ndi anthu ambiri ukukhudzidwa ndi ena: Olemba sayansi omwe ali ndi chidziwitso chokwanira chokwanira kumvetsetsa chidziwitso kuchokera kudziko lasayansi amawamasulira muchiyankhulo chomwe ndizomveka. Wina akwanitsa kupeza chiyembekezo cha omwe amapanga chidziwitso ndi ogula chidziwitso, gawo lofunikira kwambiri pofalitsa mauthenga olimbikitsalo limachitika.
Kukhulupirira chisinthiko
Njira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito posankha zitsanzo komanso kuwunika kutsimikizira kwa ena zakhala zikuchitika pang'onopang'ono kuchokera pakachitika chisinthidwe pamikhalidwe yosiyana kwambiri ndi zomwe zikuchitika masiku ano. Makolo athu akhoza kuwonjezera luso la kuphunzira mwa kuphunzira kuchokera kwa anzathu. Komabe, matekinoloje amakono amapanga chizolowezi chodziwikiratu ndi anthu omwe sitimawadziwa kwenikweni. Awo amene ali alendo wamba m'chipinda chathu chokhalamo amakhala mamembala athu. Ichi ndichifukwa chake timawakhulupirira ndikusankha iwo monga zitsanzo. Izi zili ndi chiopsezo chokhulupirira munthu wolakwika, chifukwa timakhulupirira kuti timawadziwa. Malingana ngati tikudziwa kuti kukhudzika kwam'mimba sikungakhale maziko odalirika, titha kuthana nawo.
Mitundu ya maudindo: Wagwera Zuckerberg
A Mark Zuckerberg (facebook) adagunda pamitu yayikulu kale chaka chino popereka chuma chake chochuluka. Anamuyimbira mwachangu ngati ngwazi, koma posakhalitsa adayamba kukayikira. Kuyesera kusintha chithunzithunzi chake pogwiritsa ntchito izi sikuchita bwino ayi. M'mbuyomu, panali kusakhutira kuti Zuckerberg samalipira msonkho ngakhale mabiliyoni akugulitsa. Pomwe zomwe anthu muma media azisangalalo adachita nazo chidwi, zomwe zimachitika m'mafilimu akale zimadalirabe. Ndipo zili choncho, monga zidakwaniritsidwa, zopereka ndiyo njira yabwino yopulumutsira misonkho, makamaka ku US. Kuphatikiza apo, ndalama sizinasiyiretu kuwongolera ufumu wa Zuckerberg: maziko amayendetsedwa ndi malangizo a bilionea, ndipo ayenera kuti amagwira ntchito mokomera zolinga zake.
Mlanduwu ukuwonetsa chinthu chodabwitsa kwambiri: iwo omwe amatsatira malamulo ndikulimbikitsa kulumikizana ndi anzawo chifukwa amachita zomwe amachita, mwachitsanzo pakulipira ndalama zomwe amapereka pachitetezo cha msonkho kapena misonkho, sizimadziwika konse. Kumbali ina, iwo omwe amathandizidwa ndikulamulira kuti achite zinthu zina pagulu amakhala akatswiri. Timakonda kunyalanyaza zinthu zomwe zimagwirizana ndi zomwe timakonda pomwe timakonda zinthu zosafunikira. Zotsatira zake, timangodziwa pamene china chake chachilendo chikuchitika. Ichi ndichifukwa chake machitidwe oziphatikiza sikoyenera kutchulidwa. Pokhapokha podziwitsa za kusokonekera uku titha kuthana ndi izi.
Photo / Video: Shutterstock.
