Mbiri ya ufulu wachibadwidwe komanso kunyalanyaza mayiko osiyanasiyana

Okondedwa owerenga,

Lemba lotsatirali likukhudzana ndi ufulu wa anthu. Choyamba pazomwe adachokera komanso mbiri yawo, kenako zolemba za 30 zalembedwa ndipo pamapeto pake zitsanzo zakuphwanya ufulu wa anthu zidaperekedwa.

A Eleanor Roosevelt, omwe anali tcheyamani wa United Nations Commission on Human Rights, alengeza 'Universal Declaration of Human Rights' pa Disembala 10.12.1948, 200. Izi zikugwira ntchito kwa anthu onse padziko lapansi kuti athe kukhala moyo wopanda mantha kapena wowopsa. Kuphatikiza apo, iyenera kukhala lingaliro wamba la anthu ndi mayiko kuti akwaniritse. Cholinga chake chinali kupanga chidziwitso chalamulo chomwe chikuyimira kuchepa kwaumunthu. Awa ndi ufulu woyamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa anthu onse padziko lapansi ndipo zamasuliridwa m'zilankhulo zoposa 1966 kuyambira pomwe zidasindikizidwa. Chifukwa chake ndiwamasuliridwa kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Mayiko adalonjeza kuti adzalemekeza ufulu, koma palibe mwayi wowongolera, chifukwa palibe mgwirizano womwe udasainidwa. Popeza maufuluwa ndiabwino, pali mayiko ena masiku ano omwe salemekeza ufulu wa anthu. Mavuto omwe amapezeka ndi monga kusankhana mitundu, kugonana, kuzunza komanso kuphedwa. Kuyambira 2002, mayiko ambiri asankha kusaina ufulu wachibadwidwe ndi ufulu wachibadwidwe mwa mgwirizano. Mu XNUMX khothi lapadziko lonse lapansi linatsegulidwa ku The Hague.

Atafunsidwa komwe ufulu wachibadwidwe umayambira, Roosevelt adayankha motere: "M'mabwalo ang'ono pafupi ndi kwanu. Zoyandikira komanso zazing'ono kwambiri kotero kuti malowa sangapezeke pamapu aliwonse padziko lapansi. Ndipo komabe malowa ndi dziko la munthu aliyense: malo omwe amakhala, sukulu kapena yunivesite yomwe amaphunzira, fakitole, famu kapena ofesi yomwe amagwirako ntchito. Awa ndi malo omwe mwamuna, mkazi ndi mwana aliyense amafunafuna ufulu wofanana, mwayi wofanana ndi ulemu wofanana popanda tsankho. Malingana ngati maufuluwa sakugwira ntchito pamenepo, alibe kufunika kwina kulikonse. Ngati nzika zomwe zikukhudzidwa sizitenga kanthu kuti ziteteze maufuluwa m'malo mwawo, tiziwona ngati sizingachitike konsekonse padziko lapansi. "

Pali zolemba 30 mu Universal Declaration of Human Rights.

Ndime 1: Anthu onse amabadwa omasuka komanso ofanana mu ulemu ndi ufulu

Ndime 2: Palibe amene ayenera kusalidwa

Ndime 3: Aliyense ali ndi ufulu kukhala ndi moyo

Nkhani 4: Palibe Ukapolo

Ndime 5: Palibe amene angazunzidwe

Likani lya 6: Muntu onso azali koti mboka ya zamba

Likani lya 7: Bantu bonso nkembo mpembeni

Ndime 8: Ufulu wolandila malamulo

Likani lya 9: Ekoki koke bakotelami na mokonzi

Ndime 10: Aliyense ali ndi ufulu kuweruzidwa mwachilungamo

Ndime 11: Aliyense ndi wosalakwa pokhapokha zitatsimikiziridwa mwanjira ina

Ndime 12: Aliyense ali ndi ufulu kukhala ndi moyo wachinsinsi

Ndime 13: Aliyense amatha kuyenda momasuka

Mutu 14: Ufulu wopulumutsidwa

Ndime 15: Aliyense ali ndi ufulu kukhala ndi dziko

Ndime 16: Ufulu wokwatira ndikukhala ndi banja

Ndime 17: Aliyense ali ndi ufulu kukhala ndi katundu 

Ndime 18: Ufulu wamaganizidwe, chikumbumtima ndi chipembedzo

Ndime 19: Ufulu wofotokoza zakukhosi

Mutu 20: Ufulu wosonkhana mwamtendere 

Ndime 21: Ufulu ku demokalase ndi zisankho zaulere

Ndime 22: Ufulu wa chitetezo cha anthu

Ndime 23: Ufulu wogwira ntchito ndi chitetezo cha ogwira ntchito 

Ndime 24: Ufulu wopuma ndi kupumula

Ndime 25: Ufulu wopeza chakudya, pogona komanso chithandizo chamankhwala 

Ndime 26: Aliyense ali ndi ufulu kuphunzira

Ndime 27: Chikhalidwe ndi Umwini 

Likani lya 28: Ekolo ya zamba mpo ya bobongisi mpe o ntina

Ndime 29: Tonse tili ndi udindo kwa ena

Ndime 30: Palibe amene angakulande ufulu wanu wachibadwidwe

Ndi zochepa chabe mwa zitsanzo zambiri zakuphwanya ufulu wa anthu:

Chilango cha imfa chikuchitikabe m'maiko 61 padziko lonse lapansi. Ku China, anthu zikwi zingapo amaphedwa chaka chilichonse. Iran, Saudi Arabia, Pakistan ndi USA zikutsatira.

Asitikali aboma nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi zochita kapena kuzunza. Kuzunzidwa kumatanthauza kuchita china chake motsutsana ndi kufuna kwa wozunzidwayo.

Ku Iran, pambuyo pa chisankho cha purezidenti, panali ziwonetsero zazikulu kangapo kwa milungu yomwe nzika zimafuna chisankho chatsopano. Paziwonetserozi, anthu ambiri adaphedwa kapena kumangidwa ndi achitetezo chifukwa cha milandu yolimbana ndi chitetezo chadziko, kuchitira chiwembu olamulira komanso zipolowe.

Ku China kuzunzidwa kwa atolankhani, maloya komanso omenyera ufulu wachibadwidwe akuwonjezeka. Awa amayang'aniridwa ndikumangidwa.

North Korea imazunza komanso kuzunza omwe amatsutsa dongosolo. Awa ndi osowa zakudya m'ndende ndipo amakakamizidwa kugwira ntchito molimbika, zomwe zimaphetsa anthu ambiri.

Ufulu wamaganizidwe ndi ufulu wachibadwidwe nthawi zina salemekezedwa ku Turkey. Kuphatikiza apo, azimayi 39% amachitiridwa nkhanza kamodzi pa moyo wawo. Mwa awa, 15% adagwiriridwa. Ochepera azipembedzo nawonso sapatsidwa ufulu wachibadwidwe.

Source: (Tsiku lofikira: October 20.10.2020, XNUMX)

https://www.planetwissen.de/geschichte/menschenrechte/geschichte_der_menschenrechte/pwiedieallgemeineerklaerungdermenschenrechte100.html

https://www.menschenrechte.jugendnetz.de/menschenrechte/artikel-1-30/artikel-1/

https://www.lpb-bw.de/verletzungen

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