Karin Bornett
M'malo mopanga zinyalala zochulukirapo, zinthuzi ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali - ziyenera kukhalabe mozungulira momwe zingathere. Oimira European Union ali otsimikiza: "Zikuwonekeratu kuti njira yotsatirika kwachuma yomwe tidadalira kale siyabwino pazofunikira zamakono zamasiku ano padziko lonse lapansi. Sitingathe kupanga tsogolo lathu potengera mtundu wa anthu omwe ataya kale ntchito. Zachilengedwe zambiri ndizochepa; Ndiye chifukwa chake tiyenera kupeza njira zodzithandizira zachilengedwe. ”
Lingaliro lazachuma lazinthu sizachilendo kwenikweni. Kwenikweni, mawuwo amatanthauza kuti zinthu zopangidwa ndi zinthu zopanda pake zimasunga mtengo wawo kwanthawi yayitali. Kubwerera mu 2015, European Commission idakhazikitsa ndondomeko yoyendetsera chuma chozungulira kuti chizithandiza kusinthira kwazachuma ku EU ndi "kulimbikitsa mpikisano wadziko lonse, kukula kwachuma kwokhazikika ndikupanga ntchito", monga momwe amanenera patsamba kutumidwa kumayitanidwa.
Dongosolo ili likuphatikiza njira zochepetsera kutaya kwa chakudya pofika theka pofika 2030, kulimbikitsa kukonzanso, kukhazikika komanso kubwezeretsanso zinthu, ndikuphatikiza mphamvu zamagetsi, komanso lingaliro lamapulasitiki azachuma chozungulira, pazokhudza kubwezeretsanso, kubereka Degradability, kukhalapo kwa zinthu zowopsa m'mapulasitiki ndi cholinga chothandizira kuti muchepetse zinyalala zam'madzi, komanso njira zingapo zogwiritsidwanso ntchito madzi.
Zochita 54 za EU panjira yopita ku chuma chozungulira
Kampeniyi ili ndi zochitika makumi asanu ndi limodzi ndi ziwiri Ndondomeko ya EU. Izi zikuphatikiza, mwachitsanzo, kuletsa kwa zolembedwa zam'mapulasitiki ogwiritsa ntchito limodzi komanso kukweza zinthu zatsopano komanso ndalama. Lipoti lafalitsidwa posachedwa lomwe likuwunikira mwachidule zotsatira zoyambirira ndi zomwe zidachitika pazochita izi.
Chimodzi chikhutitsidwa. Mwachitsanzo, mchaka cha 2016, ogwira ntchito oposa mamiliyoni anayi adalembedwa ntchito m'magawo omwe akukhudzidwa ndi zachuma, zomwe zikufanana ndi kuchuluka kwa 2012 peresenti poyerekeza ndi XNUMX. "Kukonzanso kwachuma chathu kukupitirirabe. Mfundo za kayendetsedwe kazachuma zayamba kupanga, kugwiritsa ntchito madzi, kasamalidwe ka chakudya, kasamalidwe ka zakudya ndi kasamalidwe ka mitsinje ina ndi malo ena apulasitiki, "watero Deputy Deputy President Frans Timmermans.
Chuma chozungulira cha EU chikufunika kuchepa kwa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa zinthu
M'malo mwake, kuchuluka kobwezeretsa kwawonjezeka, mwachitsanzo. Kuchulukitsa kwa zomangamanga ndi kuwononga zinyalala kudali 2016 peresenti mu 89 ndipo kuchuluka kwa zinthu zonyamula zikuluzikulu kudaposa 67 peresenti poyerekeza ndi 64 peresenti mu 2010, pomwe zochulukirapo 2016% zama pulasitiki adazikonzanso mu 42 (poyerekeza ndi 24 peresenti mu 2005). Kuchulukitsa kwa ma pulasitiki ku European Union kuli pafupifupi kuwirikiza kuyambira 2005. Matthias Neitsch, oyang'anira wamkulu wa RepaNet - Gwiritsani ntchito ndikukonza ma network Austria, bungwe lolimbikitsira kugwiritsanso ntchito ntchito, kusunga zachilengedwe ndi ntchito pantchito yazachilengedwe, ndizofunikira kwambiri: "bola palibe kuchepa kwa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa zinthu zopezeka mu manambala kwathunthu, mwachitsanzo ma kilos pa munthu, sitingathe kuzichita Kuyankhula kwazachuma. Pakadali pano palibe umboni kuti kuwonjezeka kwapachaka kwa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa zinthu zopanda pake kungachedwetse, osangoyimilira. Kuphatikiza apo, zopangira zambiri pakalipano zikumangidwa mnyumba ndi zomangamanga kuposa zomwe zimatayidwa, kuwotchedwa ndi kuwonzanso. "Dongosolo lozungulira" (pokhapokha peresenti yokha ya zinthu zopanda pake zomwe zaphimbidwa ndi kubwezeretsanso, 91 peresenti ya zinthu zomwe zidalipobe ndi zinthu zofunika kwambiri!) Sikuchepa, ndipo kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zosaphika kukukulira chaka chilichonse, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti kubwezeretsanso kowonjezereka sikungakumanenso ndi chaka chilichonse Ndibwezeretsanso zakumwa zambiri. ”Akukhulupiriranso kuti:“ Kuchulukitsa zinthu zambiri ndibwino, koma njira yofupikirako yazomangamanga, zomangamanga ndi zinthu zogula sizigwiritsa ntchito vutoli. Ngakhale zida zongowonjezwdwa sizithandiza, chifukwa kupezeka kwake kumangokhala chifukwa cha malo ochepa chabe aulimi ngati omwe sangapezenso ntchito. ”
Kupanga kwa Eco kukubwera
Izi sizikumveka mopanda chiyembekezo. Chifukwa chake mwina simuyenera kumangirira buluyo kumbuyo, koma ikani zoyambirira zachilengedwe poyambira nyengo yazinthu. Mawu ofunika apa: ecodeign. Cholinga chake ndikuonetsetsa kuti zinthu zimapangidwa ndikupangidwa m'njira yosungira zinthu komanso kuyambiranso pomwepo. EU Commission yaperekanso malangizo kwa izi. Izi zikuphatikiza malamulo okhudzana ndi kufunika kwazinthu zofunikira monga kupezeka kwa magawo, kuthandizira kukonza ndikumaliza kwa chithandizo chaumoyo. Komabe, Neitsch akukhulupirira kuti pamlingo wazogulitsa, ecodeign amangokhala ndi gawo lochepa pa chuma chozungulira EU, "chifukwa Zotsatira zoyipa adzadya zopindulitsa. M'malo mwazogulitsa, mapangidwe amayenera kusamalira anthu ndikufunsa momwe angakwaniritsire zosowa zawo pogwiritsa ntchito zinthu zochepa komanso chisangalalo chokwanira kapena kukhutira. Makampani olimba ndiye ayenera kupanga makina awo opanga malonda kuchokera pamenepa. Chifukwa chake muyenera kuphunzira kugulitsa kukhutitsidwa ndi moyo wabwino, ndikugwiritsa ntchito zochepa zopangira, kaya zoyambirira kapena zachiwiri. Tiyenera kuzindikira kuti chuma sichingakule mosalekeza komanso kuti chisangalalo chochuluka sichimabwera kuchokera kuzinthu zambiri komanso katundu wambiri. Dziko lathuli lili ndi malire. "
Kubwezeretsanso ku Austria
Pafupifupi matani 1,34 miliyoni a ma pack amatulutsidwa ku Austria chaka chilichonse. Izi zikuwonetsedwa mu lipoti la Federal Ministry for Sustainability and Tourism, pomwe Federal Environment Agency idapanga tsatanetsatane wa zomwe zidachitika. Ma CD a pulasitiki amapanga pafupifupi 300.000 matani. Kuphatikiza kwakapadera kwagalasi, zitsulo ndi pulasitiki kuchokera ku gawo lanyumba kwakwera ndi 2009% kuyambira 6.
Zolinga zobwezeretsanso ma CD mapulasitiki, zomwe ziyenera kukwaniritsidwa pofika 2025, zikuwonetsa vuto lalikulu. Ku kuno ku Austria kuli ma 100.000 t a ma buku obwezeretsanso ndi 34% kuposa momwe EU ikubwezeretsanso yomwe inali 22,5%, koma pofika 2025 50% Kubwezeretsanso kumatha kuchitika, pofika chaka cha 2030 kubwezeretsanso 55% ndipo kuchuluka kwa mabotolo a zakumwa za PET a 90% kungatheke.
gwero: Altstoff Kubwezeretsanso Austria
Photo / Video: Shutterstock.
