Stefan Tesch
Mowa wa tirigu, sauerkraut, tchizi, salami ndi buttermilk. Pazakudya izi, othandizira pang'ono, osawoneka achita ntchito yayikulu kuti atisangalatse. Mabakiteriya osankhidwa a lactic acid ndi acetic acid, yisiti ndi nkhungu sizimangopangitsa kuti zakudya zambiri zizikhala zolimba, zimapangitsanso kukoma kwawo.
Kukonzanso kwa chakudya ndi chonde ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zambiri zazikulu za tizilombo. Kuyitanidwa kwake ndikukonza moyo padziko lapansi. Mwachidule, palibe moyo wopanda tizilombo.
Nyama zikafa, anthu ndi zomera, tizilombo tomwe timayambitsa kuwola tinthu tamoyo. Kugwiritsa ntchito ndi manja a anthu, amapereka chithandizo pa mfundoyi pochotsa zinyalala ndi manyowa.
Ndipo ngakhale mthupi lathu, mabakiteriya & co amagwira ntchito usana ndi usiku. Mwa zina, ndikofunikira kuti chimbudzi chiziyenda ndikulimbana ndi obwera m'mimba. Chifukwa sikuti pali okhawo omwe akutifunira zabwino.
Ma tizilombo oyenerera: lingaliro lochokera ku Japan
Lingaliro la "kubwezeretsa" othandizira osawoneka awa ndikugwiritsa ntchito mwadala sichinthu chatsopano. Koma zokonzekera zam'mbuyomu nthawi zonse zimakhala zongogwiritsa ntchito payekha. Kaseweredwe kamphamvu kakang'ono, pafupifupi konse konse komwe kamapangidwa koyamba mu zaka za 80 makampani ena aku Japan.
Mosapangana, awa adazindikira kukulira-kulimbikitsa ndi kuchiritsa kwazomwe zimakhala ndi ma cell apamwamba kwambiri. Kuyesa kwamtsogolo kunawonetsa kuti zosakanikirana zina za zolengedwa izi zimatulutsa nthaka yabwino, yopanda chonde m'nthaka. Ku mbali imodzi, zimathandizira kukulira kwa mbewu, Mosiyana ndi izi kupewa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda komanso kuwonongeka.
Zamoyo zomwe zikugwiritsidwa ntchito
Kusakaniza koteroko kumakhala ndi mitundu ingapo yama 80 osiyanasiyana a tizilombo tomwe timapezeka m'chilengedwe. Makamaka pali mabakiteriya a lactic acid ndi photosynthesis komanso yisiti. Kuchokera pa izi, lingaliro lidapangidwa, lomwe limadziwika pansi pa dzina la "ufanisi la Microorganisms" (EM). Opanga angapo masiku ano amapanga mitundu yambiri yazogwira ntchito za mitundu mitundu zosiyanasiyana.
Tizilombo tokhazikika tomwe timakhala ngati feteleza wamba kapena mankhwala ophera tizirombo, timangofunika kumvetsetsa ngati trailblazer. "Amayendetsa zachilengedwe mbali imodzi kuti mphamvu yachilengedwe ichitike bwino momwe mungathere," akufotokoza a Lukas Hader, wamkulu wa kampaniyo Multikraft, Wopanga Opaleshoni Yogwira Mtima wa Austria.
Pakulima zipatso ndi ulimi wabwino, izi zikutanthauza kuti: "Nyama zaphindu, monga ma buluwudu, zimatha kugwira ntchito yawo moyenera". Monga salami kapena tchizi, kupesa kumakhalanso ntchito yabwino kuthengo, kumasula zinthu monga amino acid kapena mavitamini. Chofunika ndikuti zikutanthauza kuti kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo kwa mlimi.
Mphamvu Zothandiza: Kugwiritsa Ntchito Zosiyanasiyana
Zogulitsa za EM zilipo pazogwiritsa ntchito zosiyanasiyana. Ndiwodziwika kwambiri mukulima zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba, onse paulimi, komanso m'munda wachinsinsi, ngati othandizira kuyeretsa zachilengedwe komanso zodzikongoletsera zachilengedwe - omalizira ndi a kampani yakunyumba Multikraft otukuka. Madziwe, ma biotopes ndi minda yamafishi, Ma microorganisms othandiza amathandizira kukonza madzi komanso kuchepetsa kugwirira.
Mnyumba, ma Microorgan tizilombo ogwira ntchito amagwiritsidwa ntchito, mwa zina, popanga manyowa mwachangu a khitchini ndikuchepetsa fungo loipa m'mbale zonyansa za bio. Mawonekedwe ake ndi akulu.
Pa kusefukira kwa Thailand 2011 Kukonzekeretsa kwa Microorganism Kukonzekera kunagwiritsidwa ntchito kupukutira madzi akadetsedwa. Palinso malipoti ochokera kwa anthu omwe amamwa EM motero amati ali ndi moyo wathanzi.
Mwachidule, Maorganorganism othandiza amatha kusinthika, kukulitsa mphamvu ndi thanzi ndikupewa njira zowonongeka ndi matenda kulikonse komwe angagwiritse ntchito.
EM
Koma kodi Microorganisms Othandiza Ndi Chiyani? Ma tizilombo oyendetsa bwino - omwe amatchedwanso EM - ndi mawonekedwe apadera a tizilombo tomwe timathandiza njira zosinthira komanso kupondereza njira zopangira mawonekedwe. Kuphatikiza kumeneku kunapangidwa zaka pafupifupi 30 zapitazo ku Okinawa (Japan).
Ma tizilombo tating'onoting'ono ofunikira kwambiri mu tizilombo totsimikizika ndi mabakiteriya a lactic acid, yisiti ndi mabakiteriya othandizira. Zamoyo zonse zimasonkhanitsidwa pamsika mwachilengedwe ndipo zowerengeka - zopanda GMO.
Tinthu tating'onoting'ono titha kugwiritsa ntchito mbali zonse za moyo momwe zinthu zachilengedwe zimakonzedwa kapena kukonzedwa, mwachitsanzo m'nyumba ndi m'munda, m'mabotolo ndi m'madziwe osambira, ulimi wa nsomba, ziweto (mwachitsanzo ng'ombe zazing'ombe) ndi ulimi, maenje a manyowa, Zomera zonyowa, malo opangira manyowa, malo opangira zinyalala ndi zotayidwa, makampani, ndi zina zotere - ntchito za ma tizilombo ophatikizika ndizochulukirapo. Madera ena ogwiritsira ntchito ndizodzikongoletsera zachilengedwe, zinthu zapakhomo, ndi zina zambiri.
Kuyika "machiritso" mozizwitsa
Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tidakali nkhani yotsutsana kwambiri. Pali othandizira mwakhama, koma mwachilengedwe nawonso amatsutsa. Zifukwa za izi ndi - monga zatsopano zambiri - kuti zotsatira zake zitha kutsimikiziridwa mwasayansi pang'ono komanso kuti kafukufuku m'derali alibe chidwi. “Zogulitsazi zimagwira ntchito yonse. Simungayang'ane magawo amtundu wina padera, "akutero a Hader. "Ngakhale zotsatira zake zikuwonekeratu, pakadali kusoweka kotsimikizika kwa XNUMX%." Ngakhale kafukufuku wambiri alipo kale, tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tomwe timakhala tomwe timakhala ngati "mankhwala odabwitsa". Ndipo: Pakadali pano, asayansi akuyang'ana kwambiri za zipatso ndi ulimi. EM imawonedwa mozama ndi kafukufuku wochokera ku Switzerland - ngakhale zotsatira zabwino zogwiritsa ntchito tizilombo toyambitsa matenda sizikutsutsidwa. Koma aku Switzerland akuyenera kupirira kudzidzudzula okha: Samalola kuti aziwayang'ana pazosavuta zawo.
Kafukufuku wina wopangidwa ndi wopanga udachitika ku University of Natural Natural and Life Science ku Vienna.
Poyesa zaka zitatu pamitengo ya apulo, asayansi adawona kuti kudwala kwa matenda a apulosi kudachepetsedwa makamaka ndi chithandizo cha mitengo. Mofananamo, wothira ndi kuwaza ndi mitengo ya EM adawonetsa mtengo wokulirapo wopingasa ndi zipatso zokulirapo. Andreas Spornberger, Boku Profesa wa Viticulture ndi Zipatso Kukula kwa zipatso, komanso wolemba phunziroli, akuti, "Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono timalimbitsa nthaka ndikuthandizira mbewu kuti ipereke bwino michere." Koma akuti, "Dothi la Nyumba ndiyabwino, ndiye kuti mupindula ndi EM zochepa zochepa. "Koma dothi lathanzi la 100 peresenti silikhala mwanjira iliyonse.
Pomaliza phunziroli: Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tothandiza ndi koyenera komwe Kukula kumakhala kopindulitsa, monga malo oyang'anira mitengo. Kafukufuku wofanananso pa paradigms adawonetsa kumera kwakukulu komanso kumera koyambirira kwa mbewu pogwiritsa ntchito EM.
Ma tizilombo tothandiza pa mayeso
Kwa miyezi ingapo tsopano, Option-Redaktion yakhala ikuyesa zinthu zogwiritsira ntchito ma microorganisms - makamaka oyeretsa, mankhwala azikhalidwe ndi zodzikongoletsera zachilengedwe Multikraft, Zachidziwikire, zinthu izi ndizongodziwa momwe zimawagwirira ntchito komanso kugwiritsa ntchito bwino mayeso ndipo sizingayesedwe mwasayansi. Koma zomwe zikukhudza ndi izi.
Gulu losintha mkonzi ndilokonda kwambiri zoyeretsa monga zatsuka zenera. Sali otsika kwenikweni poyeretsa kwachilengedwe. Komanso ndi ochezeka kwathunthu.
Zomwezi zimagwiranso ntchito pazinthu zodzikongoletsera zachilengedwe, zomwe, monga zodzoladzola zachilengedwe zilizonse zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito - monga zopindika. Apa ndipomwe mano a ku bioemsan anali opatsa chidwi kwambiri.
Okonza amayesanso tizilombo tating'ono tomwe tili m'mundamo - makamaka pokhudzana ndi kuteteza tizilombo ndi matenda pazitsamba. Mwa zina, ndi pano kuti athane ndi zowomberedwa pamasamba a zipatso. Moona, mankhwalawa amayamba, koma nthawi yowunikira akadali yochepa kwambiri kuti afotokozere.
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