Tsogolo la ntchito

Palibe chomwe chidzakhale chofanananso. Zakhala choncho nthawi zonse. Koma mwachangu monga lero - monga zikuwonekera - dziko silinasinthe. Izi zitha kutsimikiziridwa ndi zitsanzo zambiri. Tiyeni tiwone zakupanga matekinoloje atsopano. Makompyuta omwe amathandizira maofesi enieni komanso ntchito yodziyimira palokha. Analumikizidwa padziko lonse lapansi, mwachangu. Magalimoto omwe samadziwa komwe akupita komanso amapita okha. Tiyeni tiwone mopitiliranso njira yakusintha kwachikhalidwe, kusamuka kwachinsinsi ndi zovuta zothawa. Mavuto omwe anthu ambiri masiku ano sadziwa. Onsewa ali ndi chinthu chimodzi chofanana: adzakhala ndi chidwi chachikulu pantchito. Zotsatira zomwe sizikhala m'tsogolo koma zikuwoneka kale.

Zoneneratu zamtsogolo

Theka la ntchito zonse zili pachiwopsezo?
Bungwe loyang'anira alangizi a Viennese Kovar und Partner langotulutsa kumene 2016 yotchuka kwambiri mu Arena. Akugwira ntchito kwambiri mdziko la mawa. Mwayi wonse, zoyankhulana ndi zopereka zonse zolembedwa zinayesedwa ndi akatswiri a 58 komanso opanga zisankho. Mwa anthu omwe amazindikira kusintha kuchokera ku ntchito yawo yomwe ena onse sanawonebe. Nthawi yolosera yomwe tikukambirana pano: zaka zisanu mpaka khumi.
“Tikukumana ndi mavuto ochuluka. Kutheka kwa chidziwitso chachikulu, maofesi apafupipafupi ndi mwayi wopanga mafoni zithandizira kuti ntchito zisasinthe. Akatswiri ochepa okha ndi omwe adzaweruzidwe kwathunthu, koma pafupifupi onsewo asintha ", akufufuza a Walter Osztovics, wolemba kafukufuku wa Arena Analyzes ndi director director wa Kovar & Partner. Zambiri, mwachitsanzo, kuthekera kosonkhanitsa ndikuwunika zambiri, zovuta, osindikiza a 3D ndikuwonjezeranso kwantchito komwe kumachitika mothandizidwa ndi maloboti ndiye maziko osinthira mwachangu, malinga ndi kafukufukuyu. Kafukufuku wamtsogolo amapitilira gawo limodzi, malinga ndi 30 mpaka 40 peresenti ya ogwira ntchito omwe angakhudzidwe kwambiri ndi digitization.
Kafukufuku wodziwika tsopano wa Carl Benedikt Frey ndi Michael A. Osborne ku Yunivesite ya Oxford mchaka 2013 ali ndi chidziwitso chochititsa chidwi kwambiri: 47 peresenti ya ntchito zonse ku US ziyenera kukhala pachiwopsezo. Franz Kühmayer wa Zukunftsinstitut amaika chiwerengerochi m'malingaliro, koma akuti: "Ngakhale kafukufukuyu akadakhala kuti sanalakwe pakati, zikadakhala ndi vuto lalikulu pamsika wa antchito. Omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu ndi omwe amakhala ndi ntchito zanthawi zonse. Aliyense amene achita zofanana ndi zomwe zachitika chaka chamawa amakhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu. "

Chinsinsi chakuchita bwino

BBC yatulutsa mayeso patsamba lake lofikira lokhala ndi dzina lomveka "Kodi loboti ingatenge ntchito yanu"? Chifukwa chake ngati mukufuna kudziwa ndendende, mutha kudziwa zambiri pamenepo. Mwambiri, akatswiri amalankhula za zododometsa zomwe antchito adzazolowera mtsogolo: "Ziyeneretso zikukhala zofunikira kwambiri, mbali imodzi. Ngakhale pakadali pano palibe ntchito iliyonse yomwe ingatsalire antchito osadziwa - zomwe zimangokulira. Komano, kusinthasintha kukukhala kofunikira kwambiri pantchito zonse ”, akudziwa a Walter Osztovics ochokera ku kampani yofunsira ku Vienna ya Kovar & Partner. Mwanjira ina: Kutha kusintha momwe zinthu zilili, kumaliza maphunziro ena kapena kudzipereka pantchito zatsopano ndi madera ena. Osztovics ikupereka zitsanzo: “M'mizinda ngati Copenhagen, njanji zapansi panthaka sizayendetsa kale magalimoto. Izi tsopano zikufunika anthu ophunzitsidwa bwino omwe akuyang'anira malo. Kapena magalimoto: adzafunikiranso wina wowakonza mtsogolo. Koma yemwe anali makaniko tsopano ndiwosintha ndipo adzakhala katswiri wa mapulogalamu mtsogolo. Opambana ndi omwe amatha kuthana ndi kuphunzira zatsopano nthawi zambiri. "

Ntchito yamtsogolo: ochita ntchito zochulukirapo, ochita ntchito zochepa

Kusintha kwachiwiri kwakukulu ndikutukuka kwa ntchito zapadziko lonse lapansi. Mwayi ukadaulo umasinthira kulumikizana ndi mgwirizano pa intaneti. Njira zambiri zopangidwira sizidzakhalanso zapaderadera, osindikiza a 3D mtsogolomo amapanga zosowa zaumwini ndikusintha maholo akuluakulu opanga ndipo magulu opanga pulojekiti azigwira ntchito limodzi omwazikana padziko lonse lapansi. "Kwa anthu olumikizidwa bwino, izi zimachulukitsa mwayi," akutero wolemba kafukufuku Osztovics, "koma zipanganso mpikisano wapadziko lonse. Pamsika wapadziko lonse lapansi makampani amayenera kupikisana ndi mitengo ya chindapusa kuchokera ku Eastern Europe. Kuphatikiza: Ufulu wokakamizidwa umabuka. Opanga zopangira antchito amasinthidwa ndi akatswiri m'minda omwe amawonetsa momwe amagwirira ntchito padziko lonse lapansi. Koma salemba ganyu kapena wotetezeka, ngakhale atakhala kuti akutsatsa. Ndipo aliyense amene angafune kukhala ndi ntchito yokhazikika ngati wopanga sangapezenso ina. "Liwu Lachingerezi la chitukuko limatchedwa" gig econom ". Osewera amasewera gigs, zochitika zakanthawi. Kusatetezeka koopsa kwa moyo wojambula kumakhala chinthu wamba kwa antchito ambiri. Ndipo: ntchito ikhala yocheperako.
Koma kodi izi zikutanthauzanji kumatanthauza kuchita? Kodi tikukumana ndi kugwa kwa ntchito dziko? Yankho limatengera funso loti ndale, mabizinesi ndi anthu amachitika bwanji. Kaya azindikira mipata komanso kuti adziwe zoyenera. Koposa zonse munthawi yabwino. A Kühmayer akugwira mawu a John F. Kennedy: "Nthawi yabwino kukonza padenga ndi pamene dzuwa likuwala osati pomwe kukugwa mvula." Akuwonjezera kale mvula yamvumbi yoyamba, akuwonjezera.

"Kutsutsana kwatsopano kuyenera kuchitidwa.
Omwe amatchedwa ntchito yayamba kukhala chinyengo
tiyenera kukumana ndi izi. "

Ntchito yamtsogolo: Chinsinsi chagona pamachitidwe azikhalidwe

Koma sitikufuna kujambula zakuda pano ndipo timakonda kufunsa funso kuti: Kodi tingatani kuti izi zisinthe anthu ogwiritsa ntchito mwanjira yopanga? Eya, sikuti ntchito zonse zomwe zidzatenge ma robot mtsogolo zidzasinthidwa ndi zatsopano. Simuyenera kuchita. Chifukwa maloboti ambiri mtsogolomo amalandira ndalama zomwe anthu anali atapeza kale. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mtundu wathunthu ukupitilira kuwonjezeka chifukwa chachuma chochulukirapo, anthu amangofunikira kupereka zochepa. Uwu ndi mwayi wabwino ngati tikwanitsa kumanganso dongosolo lathu lothandizira anthu. Izi zikudalirabe kwambiri pantchito yolipidwa ndipo zikutsalira pompano pofika pano.
"Kutsutsana kwatsopano kuyenera kuyendetsedwa," a Franz Kühmayer a Zukunftsinstitut akuti. "Tiyenera kudzifunsa kuti ndi chithunzi chothandiza bwanji chazaka zathu zaka 15 chikuwoneka. Ntchito yomwe amati ndi yonse yayamba kukhala yabodza, tiyenera kulimbana nayo. Izi zikutanthauzanso kuti tiyenera kusiyanitsa ntchito ndi zogula pazokambirana. "Kufotokozera: ntchito yofunikira pagulu - mwachitsanzo, chisamaliro cha okalamba kapena kulera ana - sizimalipidwa molingana ndi phindu lakudzera. Kupindulitsa kwakukulu pogwiritsa ntchito ntchito zambiri ndalama zochepa, motero. Kuti musinthe, akatswiri amtsogolo amadziwa njira zosiyanasiyana.

Ma roboti amalipira anthu

Mawu ofunika kwambiri: msonkho wamakina. Makampani akamagwiritsa ntchito makampani awo, pamakhala misonkho yambiri. Izi ndikuwonetsetsa kuti anthu komanso makampani amapindula ndi ntchito zambiri za maloboti. Kutsutsana kwachuma kuli monga momwe zimakhalira nthawi zambiri: Bizinesi ya Austria ikawonongeka, makampani amatha kusamuka. "Zikuyenera kudziwitsidwa kuti Kukula konseku sikukhudza Austria yokha, koma ndichinthu chapadziko lonse lapansi. Maiko ena - makamaka otukuka kwambiri - ayenera kulowa nawo, "akuyerekeza Kühmayer. Zikuyenera kuwonjezeredwa kuti mayiko monga Austria omwe amakhala ndi msonkho wokwera kwambiri komanso njira yabwino yothandizira chikhalidwe cha anthu imakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi chitukuko.

Ntchito yamtsogolo: Ntchito yochepa, nzeru zochulukirapo

Kuchulukitsa komwe kudachitika mu njira yachiyanjano kumatifikitsa pachidziwitso chachiwiri: "ndalama zopanda malire" zomwe amakambirana pakati pa akatswiri amtsogolo. Chifukwa chake ndi za ndalama za aliyense, kaya ndi pantchito kapena ayi. Imene imakhala yapamwamba kuposa ndalama zomwe zapezeka kale. Chimodzi mwazomwe mungathe kukhalamo. Lingaliro labwino, lokha: ndizotheka bwanji? Kodi ndichifukwa chiyani anthu amayenera kupitabe kuntchito? Franz Kühmayer si mnzake wa mawu oti "zopanda malire" chifukwa akuwonetsa kuti chithunzi chantchito kale: "Anthu ambiri akadapitiliza kugwira ntchito ngati atapambana mphotho. Chifukwa ntchito lero ndi zambiri kuposa njira yopezera ndalama. Koma - makamaka ndi mibadwo yaying'ono - zimachita zambiri podzizindikira. Kafukufuku onse azaka zaposachedwa amatidziwitsa kuti mfundo izi zikuchulukirachulukira. "Mwanjira imeneyi, mulingo wambiri wopeza ndalama ungakhale wolumikizidwa bwino ndi zinthu zomwe zili ndi phindu pagulu. Ntchito zosamala, kuthandiza mabungwe othandizira kapena ntchito zambiri zaluso kwambiri zitha kulipidwa bwino - makamaka chifukwa ntchito izi sizichitika ndi maloboti mtsogolomo. "Aliyense amene angadziwike zenizeni pomanga khonde, ndiye kuti amachepetsa," akuvomereza motero Kühmayer.

"Ngati tili mtsogolo pa chiwerengero chofanana cha anthu
kukhala ndi ndalama zambiri zopezeka
Chifukwa chiyani pali umphawi? "

Kupititsa patsogolo kutsutsana

Walter Osztovics amavomereza kuti: "Ngati tili ndi ndalama zambiri zopezeka ndi anthu omwewo m'tsogolo, bwanji umphawi uyenera kukhalapo? Ntchito yosagwira ntchito ndi malingaliro omwe ali ndi kuthekera kwambiri. Ngati tikwanitsa kupereka ndalama zothandizira misika yomwe siyingalandiridwe ndalama ndi msika womwe ukufunidwa, ndiye kuti iwowo athandizidwe ndi anthu. "Osztovics akuwona mwayi wina wolimbikitsa makampani omwe sachita ntchito yowonjezera ntchito. Kutsutsa komwe makampani akuyenera kuyendetsedwa moyenera malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa mitengo yomwe yawonjezeredwa dziko, akudziwa kutsutsa: "Tikaganiza kuti titha kudutsa mu digito m'dziko lomwe kusowa ntchito kuli 20 peresenti, ndiye kuti ingakhale imodzi Zimamveka kale. "

"Bwanji sitipanga dziko logwira ntchito,
momwe ma 25-30 maola pa sabata ali wamba? Ndiye ife tikanatero
ntchito zokwanira aliyense. "

Ntchito yamtsogolo: Ntchito zochepa, ntchito zambiri

Komanso zikuwoneka bwino kuti ntchito yochepetsera nthawi, mwachitsanzo, kugawidwa kwa ntchito. Walter Osztovics: "Chifukwa chiyani sitipanga dziko logwira ntchito komwe maora a 25-30 pa sabata ndi wamba? Kenako titha kukhala ndi ntchito zokwanira onse. "Ndi izi amadziulula yekha - monga akunenera - Milchmädchenrechnung" chifukwa vuto la kusowa kwa ntchito silochulukitsa, koma funso loti uyenerezedwe. Ndizowona pamlingo wina. Ku Austria, nakonso, kuli antchito aluso. Komabe: "Tiyenera kuganiza kuti phindu lomwe liziwonjezedwa ndi digitized lipezeka mtsogolomo ndi anthu ochepa. Ngati aliyense agwiritse ntchito zochepa ndiye kuti ndibwino. "

Crazier, m'tsogolo

Franz Kühmayer wa Zukunftsinstitut wapanga lingaliro lomwe limayika mabungwe akuluakulu a makampaniwa m'manja mwawo. Chifukwa azitenga mbali yofunika kwambiri pafunso la momwe Austria, gulu lake ndi chuma chake zimachitikira ndi mwayi ndi chiopsezo cha dziko latsopano la ntchito. Pansi pamutu wakuti "Udindo Wopenga" Kühmayer akuwunika mwachidule pempho lake kwa amalonda kuti aganize "kunja kwa bokosilo" panthawi zosakayikira komanso kuyesetsa kupeza mayankho osagwirizana. Koma zosiyana ndizomwe zimachitika nthawi zambiri - kusatsimikizika kungapangitse chitetezo, osati kutsegula mwatsopano.
"Ndi nthawi zodziwikiratu izi pamene zinthu zambiri zimasintha zomwe zingakhale mwayi wabwino kwa makampani - bola atawafikira molimba mtima komanso ndi malingaliro atsopano. Ndiye chifukwa chake kuli ndiudindo pakadali pano kuyesa zinthu zamisala. "Kühmayer akuwonetsera izi ndi chitsanzo cha makampani ogulitsa magalimoto:" Olimba mtima pamakampani akhazikitsa njira yatsopano yazoyendetsa payekha ndipo ayamba kupereka zitsanzo zogawana magalimoto - kutanthauza kuyika zopindulitsa asanakhale nazo , Aliyense amene amaphwanya mfundo zina, tsopano ali pangozi yolakwika. Koma mwayi wopeza hit ndi wokulirapo. "

Ntchito yamtsogolo: Kuteteza nyengo ngati mwayi

Kutetezedwa kwa nyengo ndi chilengedwe, malinga ndi akatswiri a zam'tsogolo, zimathandizanso kuteteza dziko logwira ntchito. Zomwe zimatchedwa "ntchito zobiriwira", mwachitsanzo m'malo a Photovoltaics, kukonza kutentha kapena kusungirako mphamvu, ndizodziwika kwambiri.
Chifukwa chake, kubiriwira kwachuma ndi mwayi wawukulu kwambiri mwayi wabwino, akutero Walter Osztovics. "Chuma chomwe chimagwira ntchito mosamala zachilengedwe chingakhale ndi mizu yambiri popeza malonda apadziko lonse lapansi ndi opanga amphamvu a CO2. Izi zimapangitsa kuti pakhale ntchito. "Koma Osztovics agogomezera kuti kusinthaku kwachuma sikungayendetsedwe makamaka ndi msika:" Nayi mfundo yofunika. "
Mapeto ake, ndizophatikiza zamabizinesi atsopano, njira yamakono yothandizira, kumvetsetsa kwatsopano ntchito ndi ntchito komanso kuthekera ndi kufunitsitsa kusintha kwa aliyense payekhapayekha. Kupanga dongosolo lokwanira pa zosintha zonsezi, kachitidwe komwe mgwirizanowu umagwira bwino, ntchito yandale. Osavuta, osakayikira. Koma labwino kwambiri.

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