Veronika Janyrova
Zipani zokomera demokalase zikuwoneka kuti zikuyenda m'njira zandale. Chiyambireni zaka chikwi, nthawi zina akhala akuvutika kwambiri. Choyamba komanso chofunikira kwambiri ku Greece (-37,5 peresenti), Italy (-24,5%) ndi Czech Republic (-22,9 peresenti). Koma ngakhale ku Germany, France kapena Hungary, kutayika kwawo kwa zisankho kuli m'mitundu iwiri.
"Akuluakulu ophunzira akuvota kumanzere lero, ndipo olemera akadali kuvota kumanja. Mwanjira ina, maphwando onse akuluakulu akhala maphwando apamwamba, kusiya osaphunzira komanso osagwirizana ndi chipani. "
Thomas Picketty
Kusayenerera kwa ndalama & misonkho
Poganizira za kusalingalira bwino kokwanira komwe kumadziwika komwe kuli m'maiko otukuka "otukuka" masiku ano, kusowa pansi kwamphamvu kwa dziko lino ndikovuta kuzimvetsetsa. Pali zochulukirapo kuposa kuchita. M'dera lonse la euro, olemera asanu okha akadali ndi 38 peresenti yazinthu zonse, mwachitsanzo, magawo onse, malo ndi kugulitsa makampani. Poyerekeza, mabanja olemera kwambiri ku Austria ali kale ndi 41 yazinthu zonse. Posachedwa, akatswiri azachuma ochokera ku yunivesite ya Johannes Kepler ku Linz afikira izi, omwe ayesa kuwerengera zinthu zachuma za wolemera kwambiri ndikuwaganizira pakuwerengera kwawo.
INFO: Mfundo za chikhalidwe cha anthu
Kafukufuku wapadziko lonse wochita kafukufuku wamsika Ipsos afunsira anthu a 20.793 m'maiko a 28 malingaliro awo pazokhudza mfundo zachikhalidwe cha anthu: theka la anthu onse padziko lapansi amavomereza kuti masiku ano malingaliro azosangalatsa ndiofunika kwambiri pamachitidwe azikhalidwe. Ndizosadabwitsa kuti kuvomerezedwa mwamphamvu kumachokera ku China komanso India (72 peresenti) ndi Malaysia (68 peresenti), akuluakulu amagwirizana ndi lingaliro ili. US (39 peresenti), France (31 peresenti) ndi Hungary (28 peresenti) sakhala okonda kutengera malingaliro azachikhalidwe. Ku Japan, ngakhale m'modzi mwa anthu asanu omwe anafunsidwa (20 peresenti) amakhulupirira kuti malingaliro amtunduwu ndiwofunika pantchito yachitukuko.
Ngakhale mavuto azachuma awa ali ndi mbiri yayitali pa "dziko lademokalase la anthu ambiri", lero lino ndi dziko lonse lakumadzulo. Yemwe anali wolemekezedwa kwambiri ku France Thomas Picketty adawona kuti "kukhala ndi chuma m'nthawi ya nkhondo isanachitike sichinachitikepo monga momwe ziliri masiku ano, ndipo misonkho ya chuma ndi mitengo yapadziko lonse lapansi imalipira gawo laling'ono kwambiri la misonkho yonse." Kuyang'ana ndalama zamisonkho ndizopindulitsa pankhaniyi : Pomwe anthu omwe akugwira nawo ntchito amapanga 26 peresenti ya ndalama zonse zamsonkho chaka chatha (msonkho wolipira), zopereka za mabungwe (ndalama ndi msonkho wopindulitsa) zinali zaperesenti zisanu ndi zinayi. Pokhudzana ndi chuma ichi misonkho idathandizira zero euro ku bajeti ya boma chifukwa sizikupezeka mdziko muno.
Zomwe zili pachifukwa ichi, ndizovuta kumvetsetsa kuti ndale zomwe zimagawidwa komanso mfundo zachuma ndi mutu wanthawi yayitali, ndipo kusafanana pakati pa chikhalidwe chawo kukubwera. Kapena kodi kusalingana komwe kuli ponseponse ngakhale chifukwa chomwe Social Democrat pamaso pa ovota awo adalephera "kuthekera kwachuma"? Kwa nthawi yayitali anali atachirikiza ndalamayi pano ndi apo.
Zachitetezo boma vs. Democrats Social
Kapena kodi boma lachitetezo lokha lapha demokalase yachitukuko? Zambiri mwazomwe amafuna - monga kutetezedwa kwa ogwira ntchito, msonkho wolipirira ndalama, zokwanira, ndi zina zambiri - masiku ano ndi zochitika wamba zachitukuko komanso zalamulo. Ndipo kuchuluka ndi zopindulitsa zomwe zilipo - zomwe siziyenera kusokonezedwa ndi kulondola kwawo - zikuwoneka ngati zosatha. Pomaliza, kugwiritsira ntchito ndalama monga kuchuluka kwa chikhalidwe cha anthu kwachulukirachulukira kwazaka zambiri komanso ngakhale kudula mtengo, kotero kuti timawononga gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a phindu lathu lomwe limawonjezeredwa pamaubwino azikhalidwe. Mulimonse, tachokera kutali kuti tisakanize maboma.
Kutha kovota
Ndipo sizikuwoneka zabwino kwambiri mdziko muno. Pafupifupi wachisanu mwa anthuwa ali pachiwopsezo cha umphawi, magawo awiri mwa magawo asanu amalandira ndalama zochepa kwambiri kotero kuti amatsika ndi misonkho yomwe amapeza ndipo gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a anthu ogwira ntchito ali muubwenzi. Zonse, imeneyi ikhoza kukhala posungira posankha bwino ma Social Democrats. Cholakwika.
Imeneyi ndi kasitomala wake yemwe posachedwa wasankha boma lomwe likuwoneka kuti likugwira ntchito mosasamala kuti liwononge chikhalidwe chawo. Nthawi yomweyo, imawonetsera kukhala yolingalira makamaka kwa ogwira ntchito, osagwira ntchito, olandira chitetezo chochepa, alendo akunja ndi omwe akufunafuna chitetezo (kuphatikiza omwe akufuna chitetezo chothandizira). Ponena za mapulani awo ochepetsa msonkho, ma 40 ochepa a anthu ogwira ntchito samawoneka kuti aliko. Wazachuma Stephan Schulmeister idatero poyankhulana ndi muyezo: "Sichingakhale nthawi yoyamba kuti ozunzidwawo azisankha wodzipatula wawo".
Komabe, zingakhale zosavuta kunena kuti chiwonetsero cha Social Democrats chimangokhala malingaliro osavuta a ovota. Izi zitha kupatsa anthu miyandamiyanda chinyengo cha m'malingaliro ndipo zimalepheretsa anzawo kuti asaganizire ntchito zawo modzidzimutsa.
Malingaliro a ovota
Kuzindikira kwambiri ndikuwunika pakusintha kowoneka mwa osankhidwa. Zisankho zomaliza za National Council zidawonetsa bwino kuti FP mean idasinthiratu "gulu lantchito", pomwe SPÖ idapambana onse mwa ophunzira ndi openshoni. ndi SORAKusanthula kwa zisankho kunawonetsanso kuti malingaliro nthawi zina amasankha zoyenera kuvota kuposa kupeza maphunziro ndi ulemu pantchito. Chifukwa chake, pafupifupi theka la anthu aku Austrian aja, omwe amawona chitukuko mdziko muno monga chabwino, adaganizira za SPÖ (FPÖ: anayi peresenti). Mwa iwo omwe amawonera chitukuko ku Austria m'malo molakwika, pafupifupi theka anasankha FPÖ kachiwiri (SPÖ: peresenti zisanu ndi zinayi). Zomwezo zidali choncho ndi chilungamo chodziwika bwino (m) chilungamo mdziko muno.
Ndale za osankhika
Izi zitha kuonedwa ku France, Great Britain kapena USA. A Thomas Picketty posachedwapa adasanthula osankhidwa pamalopo, pozindikira kuti zipani zawo zakumanzere zikugwidwa kwambiri ndi anthu ophunzira. M'malingaliro ake, ichi ndi chifukwa chomwe Azungu ali democracies kuchita izi mosagwirizana ndi kusalingana, chifukwa "ophunzitsira akuvota asiyidwa lero, ndipo olemera adakali olondola." Mwanjira ina, maphwando onse awiriwa ndi magulu osankhika, kusiya osaphunzira komanso osagwirizana ndi anzawo. Malangizo ake othandiza kuti pakhale njira yokomera demokalase yodziwikiratu ndi njira yosavuta yopezera ndalama, makamaka misonkho ya chuma.
Zambiri kumanzere ndi kumanja
Asayansi andale ku Germany komanso ku Austria akuonanso kuti anthu ovota ambiri akudzikhalira kumanzere, koma ndale kudzanja lamanja kapena mosasamala. Poganizira izi, wasayansi wazandale ku Germany, Andreas Nöpke, akuwona njira yobwezeretsanso malingaliro ambiri monga "osati zachuma ndi mgwirizano wokhawo wa 50 wotsika ku 60 peresenti ya anthu, komanso kuti anthu omwe akukayikira kudalirana kwadziko kusakhudzidwe" komanso " okhudzidwa ndi kufooka kwanthawi yayitali pachitukuko kudzera munjira zosamukira komanso ufulu wogwirizira EU ".
Ananenanso pankhani iyi kuti "maudindo andale omwe amathandizira izi amadziwika kuti ndi" olondola ". Izi ndi zabodza. " Kumbali imodzi, "mapiko ake akumanzere" amatsata zachikhalidwe cha demokalase, koma panthawi imodzimodzi amavomereza kuti mgwirizano wapadziko lonse lapansi ndizotheka malire. Sanatchule mwachimvekere kapena kusankhana mitundu, koma amakayikira lingaliro lakumalire komanso kulimbikitsanso EU. Lingaliro ili la mapiko amanzere, olumikizana (motsutsana ndi cosmopolitan) lingayankhe pakusintha kwokwera kwa osankhidwa.
Upangiri wofunidwa bwino ndi a Social Democrats pano uku akusowa. Amachokera ku "kumanzere kwambiri ndi kobiriwira" (Elmar Altvater) kupita ku "mgwirizano wamphamvu ku Europe wamapiko amanzere, kuphatikiza achikominisi a ku South ndi East komanso mabungwe aboma" (Werner A. Perger). Njira yothanirana ndi mavutowa pakadali pano imagwiritsa ntchito asayansi ambiri andale, owonera komanso osagwirizana ndi demokalase yeniyeni. Imakhalabe yosangalatsa osintha zomwe Christian Kerns SPÖ ikusintha, komanso "Laboratory" ya European Social Democrats masabata akudzawa apanga.
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