Robert B Fishman
Lamulo la "Animal Health Law" (AHL) lakhala likugwira ntchito ku EU kuyambira kumapeto kwa Epulo 2021. Muli lamulo ili 2016/429, EU yafotokozera mwachidule malamulo ambiri okhudzana ndi thanzi la nyama ndikukhazikitsa zina popewa matenda. Changu cha mabungwe azachilengedwe ndi zachilengedwe ndichochepa.
"Lamulo la Zanyama Zanyama (AHL) limangopangitsa kuti malonda osaneneka a ziweto ndi ziweto, zokwawa ndi nyama zam'madzi zitheke," adandaula motero katswiri wa zaulimi Edmund Haferbeck. Iye amatsogolera bungwe lachitetezo cha nyama PETA Dipatimenti ya Zamalamulo ndi Sayansi. Komabe, monga ena omenyera ufulu wachibadwidwe, akuyembekeza kuti adzawonjezeranso malonda ogulitsa nyama zamoyo, makamaka ana agalu. Yabwino yoteteza zinyama.
Odyetsa ndi ogulitsa amapereka ana agalu otsika mtengo pa eBay ndi masamba awo. Zambiri mwaziwetozi zimadwala kapena zimakhala ndi zovuta zamakhalidwe. "Agalu obweretsedwa m'dzikoli mosaloledwa kuchokera ku 'mafakitale agalu', makamaka ku Eastern Europe, amagulitsidwa kuno kwa anthu achidwi omwe ali ndi chidwi ngati 'zopindulitsa', inatero Germany Animal Welfare Association Mtengo wa DTB. Komabe, nyamazi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zodwala, katemera woyenera amasowa ndipo ana agalu samacheza chifukwa chosiya amayi awo msanga.
DTB ikuyembekeza kusintha malinga ndi Zolemba 108 ndi 109 za Animal Health Act. Amalola EU Commission kukhazikitsa malamulo olembetsera komanso kuzindikira ziweto.
Nthambi ya ku Austria ya bungwe lachitetezo cha zinyama "4paws"Ayamika njirayi, koma akufuna" kuzindikira kwa EU konse ndikulembetsa ziweto m'madongosolo olumikizidwa ". Pakadali pano pali chimodzi chokha chovomerezeka pamagetsi ku Ireland. Eni ziweto ku Europe atha kale kufunafuna mphaka kapena galu wawo wotayika polowa nambala ya ID ya nyama yawo ku europetnet.com. Kuti izi zitheke, chinyama chimafunikira kachipangizo kofanana ndi njere ya mpunga.
PeTA imayika chiwongola dzanja ndi ziweto ku Germany kokha pa mayuro mabiliyoni asanu pachaka. Komwe "nyama zimagulitsidwa ndikusungidwa bwino", wogwira ntchito ku PeTA a Edmund Haferbeck nthawi zonse amawona chiwopsezo cha anthu kutenga matenda opatsirana. Amapereka chitsanzo cha malonda azilombo zokwawa monga chitsanzo. Matenda atatu aliwonse a Salmonella mwa ana ang'onoang'ono amatha kubwerera kukasamalira nyama zakunja, PeTA amatchula kafukufuku wa Robert Koch Institute (RKI). Ndipo: "Mpaka 70% ya nyama zowoneka bwino zimamwalira ndi nkhawa, zosakwanira kapena kuvulala kokhudzana ndi mayendedwe asanafike pamsika."
Ndipo mwakhala mukudziganizira kalekale: M'malo mwake, nyama zimafalitsa matenda ambiri opatsirana kwa anthu. Chitsanzo chaposachedwa kwambiri cha zoonoses zotere, kuphatikiza pa HIV (tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a Edzi) ndi Ebola, mavairasi a Sars-COV2, omwe amayambitsa Covid-19 (Corona).
Kubweranso kwa miliri
Pachifukwa ichi chokha, Animal Health Act imayang'ana kwambiri pakuwongolera matenda. Ngakhale malamulo atsopano a ziweto sangagwire ntchito mpaka 2026, lamulo la EU likuwonjezera kale zofunikira za "ziweto" muulimi. Azimayi owona za zinyama amayenera kuyang'ana minda nthawi zambiri komanso mosamalitsa kuposa kale.
Mndandanda wa matenda odziwika tsopano ukuphatikizanso majeremusi ambiri osamva, omwe maantibayotiki ambiri sagwiranso ntchito. Mu 2018, Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) idachenjeza za zotulukapo za kufalikira kosaletseka kwa majeremusi olimbana ndi maantibayotiki: Akadafalikira monga kale, apha anthu mamiliyoni 2050 ku Europe, North America ndi Australia kokha pofika 2,4. Palibe mankhwala. Ambiri mwa majeremusiwa amapezeka m'minda yamafakitole momwe nkhumba, ng'ombe, nkhuku kapena nkhuku zimadzazana. Nthawi zambiri masheya athunthu amapatsidwa maantibayotiki ngati nyama imodzi yokha yadwala. Mankhwalawa amafikira anthu kudzera kuchimbudzi ndi nyama.
Ngakhale Lamulo la Zaumoyo Zanyama - Nyama zotumiza zikupitilira.
M'nyengo yozizira yapita, zombo ziwiri zaku Spain zokhala ndi ng'ombe zoposa 2.500 zomwe zidakwera zidadutsa nyanja ya Mediterranean milungu ingapo. Palibe doko lomwe linkafuna kuti zombozo zilowe. Akatswiri akuganiza kuti nyamazo zili ndi kachilomboka. Mabungwe azachilengedwe monga Germany Animal Welfare Association amalembetsa izi ndi nyama zina zambiri zapadziko lonse lapansi zomwe zimayenda mtunda wautali patsamba lawo. Omenyera ufulu wawo kuchokera ku Animal Welfare Foundation ku Freiburg, kumwera kwa Germany, amapita nawo pawokha kunyamula zinyama kuti akalembe zowawa za ng'ombe, nkhosa ndi zina "ziweto" pazombo ndi magalimoto. Malipotiwa amawonongetsa chilakolako ngakhale cha omwe amadya nyama mwamphamvu.
Mwachitsanzo: Marichi 25, 2021. Kwa miyezi itatu yowawa panali ng'ombe zazing'ono pafupifupi 1.800 zomwe zidakwera sitima yapamadzi yotchedwa Elbeik. Pafupifupi nyama 200 sizinapulumuke kunyamula. Chifukwa ng'ombe zomwe zidatsala 1.600 sizoyeneranso kunyamulidwa, malinga ndi kafukufuku wofufuza za zinyama, ayenera kuphedwa mwadzidzidzi. Kuyambira lero, achipatala aku Spain akhala akuyesera kuthana ndi ng'ombe zazing'ono zomwe zatsala. Zinyama 300 patsiku. Kutsitsa kuti aphedwe kenako ndikuwataya m'makontena ngati zinyalala.
Maola 29 molunjika pagalimoto
Lamulo Loyendetsa Zinyama ku Europe lakhala likugwira ntchito kuyambira 2007, zomwe ziyenera kupewa nkhanza zoterezi. Kutumiza nyama kumayiko akunja kwa EU sikuletsedwa kutentha kukaposa madigiri a 30 mumthunzi. Zinyama zazing'ono zimatha kunyamulidwa kwa maola 18, nkhumba ndi akavalo mpaka 24 ndi ng'ombe mpaka maola 29, bola atatsitsidwa kwa nthawi yopumula ya maola 24. Pakati pa European Union (EU), akatswiri owona za zinyama ayenera kuwunika ngati nyama zili ndi mayendedwe.
"Makampani ambiri onyamula satsatira malamulowa," akutero a Frigga Wirths. Katswiri wa zamatenda ndi zaulimi amachita ndi mutu wa bungwe la Germany Animal Welfare Association. Cheke pamalire a Bulgaria-Turkey chidawonetsa kuti pakati pa chilimwe 2017 ndi 2018 yachilimwe, 210 mwa zonyamula nyama 184 zidachitika kutentha kopitilira madigiri 30.
Lamulo la EU mu 2005 linali kunyengerera. Zimangokhazikitsa malamulo omwe EU ingavomereze. Kuyambira pamenepo, kumangidwako kwakhala kukukambidwa mobwerezabwereza. Komiti yofunsira European Commission ikugwira nawo ntchitoyi, koma sizinasunthe kwazaka 15.
Amphongo amene palibe amene amafuna
Mavutowa akuya kwambiri: EU ndi amodzi mwa opanga mkaka kwambiri padziko lapansi. Kuti ng'ombe zamasiku ano zotsogola zizipereka mkaka wochuluka momwe zingathere, zimayenera kubala mwana wa ng'ombe pafupifupi chaka chilichonse. Pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a ng'ombe zomwe zimabadwira ku Europe zimakhalabe ndi moyo kuti pambuyo pake zidzalowe m'malo mwa amayi awo m'kamwa. Zina zonse zimaphedwa kapena kutumizidwa kunja. Chifukwa Europe imatulutsa nyama yambiri, mitengo ikugwa. Malinga ndi Animal Welfare Foundation, ng'ombe imabweretsa pakati pa eyiti mpaka 150 euros, kutengera mtundu wake, jenda ndi dziko. Mumachotsa zinyama kumayiko akutali.
Malinga ndi EU Animal Transport Regulation, ana ang'onoang'ono amatha kunyamulidwa maola asanu ndi atatu nthawi imodzi kwa masiku khumi, ngakhale amafunabe mkaka wa amayi awo kuti adye. Zachidziwikire, simudzawayendetsa panjira.
Transports kupita ku Central Asia
Kutumiza nyama kumapita kumpoto kwa Africa, Middle East mpaka ku Central Asia. Magalimoto amayendetsa ng'ombezo kudutsa Russia kupita ku Kazakhstan kapena Uzbekistan. Malinga ndi malamulo aku Europe, onyamula katundu amayenera kutsitsa ndikusamalira nyama zomwe zikupita. Koma malo opangira izi nthawi zambiri amapezeka pamapepala. Ofesi yothandizira za ziweto ku Hessian Madeleine Martin adayendera milandu yomwe akuti akuti adatsitsa ndi kupereka ku Russia nthawi yachilimwe ya 2019. Mapepala a zoyendera akuwonetsa imodzi m'mudzi wa Medyn. "Kunali nyumba yaofesi kumeneko," akutero Martin pa Deutschlandfunk. “Palibe nyama yomwe idatsitsidwapo komweko.” Anakumana ndi zoterezi m'malo ena omwe amati ndi osungira katundu. Malinga ndi lipoti la Deutschlandfunk, gulu logwira ntchito ku federal ku Germany, lomwe limayenera kusamalira nyama, "silinakumanenso kuyambira 2009". Lipoti la Madelaine Martin pankhani zaku Russia "mpaka pano lanyalanyazidwa".
Ku EU, nawonso, nyama sizikuyenda bwino paulendo. "Magalimoto odzaza nyama zamoyo amayimirira masiku m'malire ndi madoko okwera maboti," akutero a Frigga Wirths a Animal Welfare Association. Onyamula katundu ambiri ankagwiritsa ntchito madalaivala otsika mtengo, aku Eastern Europe ndipo ankanyamula magalimoto awo mokwanira momwe angathere. Kuchepetsa kulemera kwa katundu, akutenga madzi ochepa komanso chakudya nawo. Palibe zowongolera zilizonse.
Ngakhale Animal Health Act: maola 90 kupita ku Morocco
Kumayambiriro kwa Meyi, atolankhani angapo adafotokoza zakunyamula nyama mtunda wamakilomita 3.000 kuchokera ku Germany kupita ku Morocco. Ulendowu udatenga maola opitilira 90. Zomwe zimayendera zinali zakuti ng'ombe zamphongo zimafunika kumeneko kuti zikhazikitsire malo owetera.
Bungwe la Animal Welfare silikhulupirira kuti Morocco ikufuna kukhazikitsa msika wamkaka. Ofesi yothandizira ziweto ku Hesse Madeleine Martin amafunsanso chifukwa chake anthu samatumiza umuna wa nyama kapena ng'ombe m'malo motumiza nyama zamoyo. Yankho lanu: "Kutumiza kumayiko ena kumachitika chifukwa ulimi wathu uyenera kuthana ndi zinyama, chifukwa takhala ndi mfundo zamsika zapadziko lonse lapansi - motsogozedwa ndi ndale - kwazaka zambiri, zambiri." Wowona Zanyama Frigga Wirths akuvomereza. Kuphatikiza apo, ndizotsika mtengo kunyamula nyama zamoyo kupita Kumpoto kwa Africa kapena Central Asia kuposa kunyamula nyama yachisanu pamaulendo ataliatali.
Unduna ukufuna kuti ziletso
Nduna ya Zaulimi ku Lower Saxony a Barbara Otte-Kinast adayesa kumapeto kwa chaka chino kuti aletse kutumiza ng'ombe 270 zopita ku Morocco. Chifukwa chawo: Njira zaku Germany zachitetezo cha nyama sizingatsatiridwe ku North Africa ndi luso komweko. Koma Khothi Loyang'anira ku Oldenburg lidachotsa chiletsochi. Undunawu "umanong'oneza bondo" ndi chisankhochi, ndipo monga a Tierschutzbund ndi Animal Welfare, akuyitanitsa "kuletsa dziko lonse kunyamula nyama kupita kumayiko achitatu omwe sanatsimikizidwe kuti azitsatira - ndiye kuti zikuwayendera bwino kwambiri!"
M'malo mwake, malingaliro amilandu m'malo mwa boma la North Rhine-Westphalia adzafika pomaliza kuti nyumba yamalamulo yaku Germany itha kuletsa kutumizidwa kwa nyama kupita kumayiko omwe si a EU ngati malamulo a Germany Animal Welfare Act satsatiridwa kumeneko.
Yankho: gulu la vegan
Poganizira zavuto lanyengo lomwe lilipo, si bungwe la Animal Welfare lokha lomwe likuwona yankho losavuta: , ndipo gawo lalikulu kwambiri la izi limachokera ku ziweto. Alimi amalima chakudya cha nyama zoposa 70 peresenti ya minda yonse yaulimi yapadziko lonse.
Photo / Video: Shutterstock.
