Veronika Janyrova
"Ba batun abin da ake yi da fa'idodin ba ne, amma yadda ake samun fa'idodin: abokantaka ta muhalli, kulawa da jin daɗin jama'a da kuma a lokaci guda nasara ta fannin tattalin arziki"
Dirk Lippold, Jami'ar Humbold, akan ci gaba mai dorewa
Ba za a taba iya musun mahimmancin ci gaba mai dorewa ba, aƙalla tun daga Babban Taron Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na 1992 game da Canjin yanayi, lokacin da jihohi 154 na New York suka ba da kansu ga rage dumamar yanayi da rage sakamakonsa. Tun daga lokacin, barazanar canjin yanayi ba ta rasa fashewar sa ba. Hakanan babu sauran lalacewar muhalli, zamantakewa da lafiya wanda kasuwancin ke so ya bar baya. A yau, har ma da manyan kamfanonin duniya suna ganin haɗarin muhalli da zamantakewa a matsayin manyan ƙalubalen zamaninmu.
Sihiri Mai Tsarki na Dorewa
Saboda haka ba abin mamaki bane cewa kamfanoni suna daɗa ɗaukar alhakin matsalolin sakamako mara kyau na ayyukan kasuwancin su. A cikin ka’idodin tabbatacce, yana nufin cewa "suna da alhakin samfuran su ko ayyukanka, sanar da masu kasuwa game da abubuwan da suka mallaka da zaɓi hanyoyin samar da ci gaba mai dorewa" - wannan shine yadda kamfanoni masu dorewa ke bayyana tsarin dabarun ci gaba na Jamus. Daniela Knieling, manajan darakta na alamu, wani dandamali na kamfanoni na Austrian don kasuwancin da ke da alhakin, yana ganin aikin kamfanoni masu dorewa kamar yadda suke da himma. A cewarta, “Kasuwancin dorewa yana ba da gudummawa ga magance ainihin yanayin muhalli, zamantakewa da tattalin arziki. Wannan ya hada da mafi kyawun yiwuwar gurɓatar ƙafafun yanayin muhalli da kuma guje wa mummunan tasirin rayuwar al'umma ".
Inda daidai alhakin haɗin gwiwa ya fara da kuma inda ya ƙare ya kasance batun muhawara ta jama'a tsawon shekaru, kuma tabbas zai ci gaba da yin hakan. Saboda fahimtar dorewar koyaushe yana ƙarƙashin sauye-sauye ne. Yayinda aka sanya kamfanoni alhakin ruwan su da gurbataccen iska a cikin shekarun 1990s, abin da suka fi maida hankali a kai shi ne game da iskar gas da makamashi, har ma da wadatar su.
Yin kasuwancin dorewa: wani abu daban ga kowa
Dorewa yana ma'anar wani abu daban ga kowane kamfani. Duk da yake mai kera abin wasan yara zai yi tunani game da yanayin samar da masu samar da shi da kuma karfin jituwa da kayan da ake amfani da shi, abin da masana masana'antar abinci ke bayarwa kan amfani da magungunan kashe qwari da takin gargajiya ko jindadin dabbobi. Masana'antu-takamaiman, saboda haka.
Koyaya, yana da mahimmanci cewa dorewar ta shafi babban kasuwancin kamfanin: “Ba ƙarin aiki bane, amma hanyar tunani ne don gudanar da kasuwancin cibiyar: Ba game da abin da akeyi da ribar ba, amma yadda ake samun ribar, zama: dacewar muhalli, da kulawa da jin daɗin jama'a da kuma a lokaci guda na ci gaban tattalin arziki, "in ji Farfesa Dirk Lippold na Jami'ar Humbold. An riga an riga an samar da ginshiƙan wanzuwar ɗorewa guda uku: alhakin tattalin arziki, zamantakewa da ɗabi'a.
Florian Heiler, manajan darakta na maimaitawa, Forungiyar Masu Samun Ci Gaban Cire Cutar GmbH ta amince da kamfani mai ɗorewa ta gaskiyar cewa a zahiri tana aiki da dorewa kuma ba kawai tana bin dabarun dorewa ba. Har ila yau, yana ganin jurewa wata hanya ce ta ci gaba: "Idan dorewa babbar damuwa ce ga manajoji, kamfanin yana kirkirar gaskiya tare da la’akari da tasirin muhallinsa da zamantakewar al'umma kuma ya shafi masu ruwa da tsaki, to hakan yana kan hanya madaidaiciya," in ji Heiler.
Duk da cewa dorewar yunƙurin kowane kamfani na iya bambanta, yanzu an kafa ƙa'idodi a kan mahimman mahimmancin ayyukan. Wadannan abubuwan da ake kira GRI matsayin suma sune kan gaba wajen aiwatar da rahoton dorewar ta Labaran Duniya (GRI).
Ba wai kawai hoto ba ne
Koyaya, samar da shugabanci mai dorewa shine bawai kawai burin taimakon jama'a bane. Masu ba da shawara na gudanarwa daga Ernst & Matasa suna ganin hakan yana da matukar mahimmanci ga nasarar tattalin arziki da aiwatar da kamfani, saboda dorewar "ba wai kawai yana da tasirin gaske kan mutuncin kamfanin ba, har ma yana da matukar muhimmanci ga dangantaka da abokan ciniki, (yuwuwar) ma'aikata da masu saka jari". A cewar Stephan Scholtissek, manajan darakta a Kamfanin Accenture na Kamfanin Gudanarwa, daga qarshe ya dogara ne da makomar kowane kamfani, saboda a '' dogon lokaci kawai '' wadanda ke yin dorewar ci gaban kasuwancin su ya kasance mai gasa ''.
Raba DA masu ruwa da tsaki
A yau masu amfani da masu saka jari suna tsammanin kamfanoni suyi aiki mai dorewa. Ana iya ganin wannan sosai a masana'antar abinci, alal misali. Sha'awar abincin abinci a hankali ya ƙaru a Austria tun shekaru. Wannan yana kara yawan kamfanonin da kuma rabon yankunan da aka noma da kuma kasuwanci. Bayan haka, fiye da kashi 23 na ƙasar Austriya ta noma ana amfani da ita don noman ɗan adam. Babban mutum a ƙungiyar EU.
Hakanan bai kamata a yi la'akari da tasirin masu saka jari ba. Duk da yake ana ganin mafi yawan masu kawo cikas a matsayin babbar matsala ga kasuwancin ci gaba, a yau wasu lokuta lamura ne na tuki. Tun daga karni na dubu ɗaya, ɗaruruwan kudade na saka hannun jari waɗanda suka kware a kamfanoni masu dorewa sun kasance masu daraja, daraja da wadatar da hannun jari a cikin Amurka da Turai. Volumearar hannun jari a kamfanoni masu dorewa ne ke gudanar da shi ta hanyar binciken da kamfanin ba da shawara na New York Tasirin LLC an kiyasta dala biliyan 76 a bara - kuma yanayin yana hauhawa. Turai ita ce cibiyar haɓaka wannan ci gaba tare da kashi 85 cikin ɗari na ɗimbin ɗimbin ɗimbin ci gaba na duniya. Amma masu saka jari ma suna tsammanin cikakken rahoto da tsari mai kyau.
Rahoton Nice
A bayyane yake cewa kyakkyawan rahotannin ba su kai ga jagoranci na ci gaba mai dorewa ba. Koyaya, basu da tasiri. Bayan haka, a ɓangarorin kamfanonin sun kawo ingantaccen tsarin bincike da haɓaka nuna gaskiya game da abubuwan hawa, amfani da makamashi, tasirin muhalli, haƙƙin ɗan adam da kuma bukatun ma'aikaci.
A lokaci guda, waɗannan rahotannin dorewa ba su da ma'ana kuma ba za a iya kwatanta su ba saboda jerin rahotanni marasa tushe, ƙa'idodi da ka'idoji. Rahoton mai dorewa da kansa ya yi barazanar zai lalace a cikin masana'antar samar da ingantacciyar hanyar kore, wanda hukumomi da kwararru na PR suka ba wa kamfanoni kyallen launi na fenti tare da taimakon kyawawan rahotanni.
Jagorar jagora SDGs
Da zaran ma'aunin GRI ya samo asali daga gandun daji na ka'idodi azaman matsayin duniya, tuni kamfanoni suka fara juyawa ga sabon tsari: Makasudin Ci-gaba mai dorewa (SDG).
Tsarin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na 2030, a cikin tsarin da aka buga SDGs a cikin 2015, ya nuna ɗaukar nauyin da ke wuyan siyasa, kasuwanci, kimiyya da ƙungiyoyin jama'a don ci gaba mai dorewa. Kamfanonin Austrian suna nuna babbar sha'awa ga wannan tsarin duniya kuma suna daidaita ayyukan su tare da SDGs masu dacewa. A cewar Michael Fembek, marubucin Austrian CSR-Guides, manufa # 17 (“A dauki matakin gaggawa domin shawo kan canjin canjin yanayi da kuma tasirinsa”) a halin yanzu sun shahara. A cewarsa, "Abinda yafi kayatarwa game da SDGs shine tsarin aunawa, saboda kowane fifikon manufofin shima yana da alamomi guda ɗaya ko sama da haka wanda za'a iya samun ci gaba a kowace ƙasa," in ji Fembek a cikin Jagorar CSR ta Austriya 2019 .
Yin kasuwancin dorewa: nasarori da gazawa
Duk da irin koma-baya da yawa ga yanayin da kuma dorewar motsi da kuma mummunan kalubale, har ila yau, akwai nasarori da yawa. Misali, a Austria, kariya ta muhalli da dorewa sun kasance a cikin kundin tsarin mulkin tarayya tun daga 2013. Kwanan baya ruwan sha na jama'a ya sami hanyar shiga ciki - kuma ba Austria a matsayin wurin kasuwanci ba. A cikin wannan ƙasa, kamfanoni suna ƙarƙashin babban yanayin muhalli da zamantakewa, waɗanda galibi suna ɗaukar nauyin kamfanoni cikin la'akari. A cikin Takaddar Canjin Makamashi na 2019 na Babban Taron tattalin arziki na duniya, Austria tana matsayi na 6 cikin ƙasashe 115 da aka bincika. Ta hanyar haɗin gwiwa tsakanin kasuwanci da siyasa, yana yiwuwa (tun daga 1990) don rage yawan gurɓataccen greenhouse daga gine-gine (-37 bisa dari), sharar gida (-28 kashi) ko aikin gona (-14 bisa dari). Yawan kuzarin makamashi ya kasance mai tazara tun 2005, duk da haɓakar tattalin arziƙin kashi 50 cikin ɗari, yayin da rabon kuzarin biogenic ya ninka ninki biyu. Saboda irin nasarorin da aka samu, a yanzu ba zai yiwu a ce canji ba zai yiwu ba.
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