Reungiyar sake gina kayan Austrian (BRV)
Ostiraliya ta yanke shawarar hana zubar da mafi yawan kayan ginin ma'adinai a cikin kyakkyawan shekaru biyu - wannan ya dace da bukatun Turai don haɓaka tattalin arziƙin. Wannan shine matakin karshe a cikin shekaru goma na cigaba mai kyau a cikin sake amfani da sharar gini; Fiye da 80% na ɓangaren ma'adinai a Austria tuni an sake yin amfani da su, an yi amfani da sama da tan miliyan 7 na kayan gini da aka sake amfani da su a kowace shekara. Ginin sake amfani da kayan gini an gudanar dashi cikin ƙwarewa a cikin Austria tun daga 1990 - walau wayar hannu akan wuraren gini ko tsayayye. Ana samun shuke-shuke masu sarrafawa a ƙasan jirgi, kyakkyawan kulawa yana kan gaba na Turai bisa ga buƙatun ƙasa da Turai.
Haramcin zubar shara a nan gaba
A watan Afrilu 1st, 2021 - kuma wannan ba wargi ne na Afrilu wawa ba! - An buga kwaskwarimar gyaran shara ta banki tare da BGBl. II 144/2021. Babban mahimmancin sake amfani da kayan gini ya fara aiki tare da ƙari § 1 dangane da tattalin arziƙin ƙasa: Don ƙirƙirar tattalin arziƙin, daidai da tsarin ɓarnatar da sharar, manufar ita ce tabbatar da cewa ɓarnar da ta dace don sake amfani da wasu nau'ikan farfadowa ba a gaba ba za'a iya karɓa don zubar dasu.
Ba za a sake ajiye sharar mai zuwa ba a cikin tarkace daga 1.1.2024: tubali daga samarwa, rushewar hanya, babban kayan fasaha, rushewar kankare, ballast track, kwalta, chippings da kayan aikin gini na aji mai inganci UA. “Sake amfani da kayan gini yakamata a ɗauka a matsayin na zamani a duk faɗin Austria. Fiye da shekaru 30, an gina kasuwa daidai da ƙa'idodin ƙa'idodin gine -ginen da aka sake amfani da su na Ƙungiyar Recycling Association na Austrian, inda daruruwan masu samarwa yanzu ke shiga. Tun daga shekarar 2016 an fara yin asara da wuri don kayan gini da aka sake amfani da su tare da mafi kyawun ingancin muhalli. Yawan kayan da za a zubar ya riga ya kasance kashi 7% ne kawai na ɓarnar ginin ma'adinai. Mataki ne mai ma'ana don dakatar da ma'adanai masu amfani daga zubar da ƙasa a matakin siyasa, ”in ji Martin Car, darektan gudanarwa na ƙungiyar sake fasalin kayan gini na Austrian (BRV).
Haramcin zubar shara bai shafi ƙungiyoyin abubuwan da aka lissafa kawai ba, har ma da allo. A cikin gine-ginen zamani, gypsum na iya yin kashi 7% na kayan aikin da aka yi amfani da su. Daga 1.1.2026 ga Janairu, XNUMX, ba za a iya saka allo, allo da kuma filastar filastik filastik (filastar tare da ƙarfafa ulun, filastar) ba za a iya ajiye su ba. Banda wannan shine waɗancan bangarorin waɗanda, a yayin gudanar da bincike mai shigowa a cikin masana'antar sake amfani da shara don ɓarnatar da gypsum, ana iya nuna rashin isasshen inganci don samar da gypsum da aka sake amfani da shi.
Tsawon lokacin miƙa mulki ya zama dole saboda babu cikakkiyar sake amfani da gypsum a cikin Ostiriya kuma dole ne a saita kayan aiki daidai da farko.
A ƙarshen 2026, zubar da zaren ma'adanai na wucin gadi (KMF) - ko a matsayin ɓarna mai haɗari ko ta hanyar da ba ta da haɗari - ba za a sake ba da izinin ba. Anan, sashen kula da muhalli na ma'aikatar tarayya da ke da alhaki na tsammanin masana'antar za ta kirkiro irin wadannan hanyoyin magani a cikin shekaru biyar masu zuwa. Koyaya, za'a ci gaba da kimanta wannan matakin a cikin fewan shekaru masu zuwa don kada a haifar da takunkumin zubar da shara.
Gina kayan sake amfani a matsayin gaba
Yin amfani da kayan gini zai zama MAFITA na nan gaba. A cikin injiniyan farar hula kawai, kashi 60% na talakawan da aka taɓa ginawa suna cikin hanyoyi, layin dogo, ginin layin layi ko wasu abubuwan more rayuwa. Waɗannan kayan gini sun kasance ƙarƙashin babban inganci da daidaitattun buƙatu yayin shigarwa. Waɗannan ingantattun kayan gini sune mafi kyawun albarkatun ƙasa don sabbin kayan gini a cikin tattalin arzikin madauwari. Ba za a iya amfani da kwalta kawai a cikin sifar granular ba a cikin ginin tushe na hanya ko filin ajiye motoci, amma kuma ana iya amfani da shi azaman dutse mai inganci (jimla) a cikin tsire-tsire masu gauraya. Za a iya amfani da kankare duka biyun da ba a iya ɗaure su azaman ƙaramin ƙamshi, amma kuma a cikin dauri, misali don samar da kankare - wani ɓangaren daban na ÖN B 4710 yana ma'amala da kankare da aka sake yin amfani da shi. Za'a iya sake sarrafa kayan fasaha da yawa a cikin tsari iri ɗaya; akwai ingantattun tashoshin sake amfani don ballast track, duka akan-site da waje. Duk kayan ginin da aka sake yin amfani da su suna ƙarƙashin kulawar inganci koyaushe - akwai doka (RBV) da ƙayyadaddun fasaha (ma'auni); BRV yana ba da taƙaitaccen ƙa'idodin ƙa'idodi masu mahimmanci a cikin sigar "Jagororin don Kayan Ginin Gyara", wanda kuma shine tushen tushe.
Jin tausayin na gaba
Yakamata a shirya gwanin gine-gine don wannan sabon yanayin a yau: Yawancin ayyukan gine-ginen da aka tsara suna buƙatar a aiwatar da su shekaru da yawa kuma don haka sun faɗi cikin ƙayyadadden lokacin da za a dakatar da batun tona ƙasa. Saboda haka yana da kyau a daidaita da sabon yanayi a cikin tayin da aka tsara a halin yanzu. A cikin injiniyan farar hula, yana da kyau a duba sabon daidaitaccen bayanin sabis na zirga-zirga da ababen more rayuwa (LB-VI), wanda Researchungiyar Binciken Austrian ta Hanyar Jirgin Ruwa (FSV) ta buga. Wani rukunin sabis na daban yana fassara matani mai taushi don sake amfani. Amma maganganun gama-gari na gama-gari tuni sun yi aiki da fifikon sake amfani da su kan batun tarnaki. A ranar 1 ga Mayu, 2021, za a sake fitar da LB-VI a sigar sigar ta 6, wanda kuma ke yin sabon bayani game da ƙasar da aka tona.
Kasuwa tana da girma
Kasashe da yawa a Turai sun riga sun bayar ko suna shirin ƙuntatawa ko hana zubar da ƙasa. Me yasa Austria ke bin yanzu? Dalili ɗaya shine tabbas 'yan siyasa sun jira har sai kasuwa ta yi girma sosai don su iya sanya dokar hana zubar da shara ba tare da ƙimar farashi ko ƙuntatawa kasuwa mai inganci ba. A lokaci guda, mutum yana son adana albarkatun ƙasa - watau ba gurɓata yanayi ba, amma amfani da albarkatun sakandare daga biranen mu da kayayyakin more rayuwa da ake rushewa. "Ƙarfin kamfanonin Ƙungiyar Gyaran Ƙasashen Austriya har yanzu ba a gama amfani da su gaba ɗaya ba - tsarin 110 shi kaɗai, wanda aka bazu a cikin Ostiryia, na iya sake maimaita 30% fiye da yadda ake da su a yanzu," in ji Car. Sabbin ka'idojin ba za su sa kasuwa ta zama ƙarami ba. Dangane da zubarwa, shuke -shuke da yawa sun kasance masu aiki fiye da wuraren zubar da shara; dangane da samar da kayan gini, har yanzu akwai galibin masu samar da kayan gini na farko waɗanda ke haɓaka ta masu kera kayan sarrafa kayan.
Reungiyar sake amfani da kayan gini ta ba da cikakken bayani ta hanyar bayanan bayanai da taron karawa juna sani - misali game da sabbin ƙa'idodin zubar da shara ko madaidaiciyar hanyar rushewa (www.brv.at).
Photo / Video: BRV.
