Option
Izifo ze-autoimmune ziyivelakancane futhi zenzeka ngezindlela eziningi ezahlukahlukene. Okufana ngazo zonke indlela izifo, lapho amasosha omzimba ehlasela futhi acekele phansi izakhi zomzimba. Ngokuvamile, amasosha omzimba ahlasela amagciwane noma amangqamuzana omdlavuza, kodwa ngenxa yezizathu ezihlukahlukene, isifo esizimele siholela ohlotsheni “lokungalungi kahle” kwamasosha omzimba. Kunezifo eziningi zalolu hlobo, ngakho kulesi sihloko sizogxila ezinhlanu zazo ezivame kakhulu futhi ezifundwe kahle.
Kuzwakala njengombhalo omubi: onogada, abavame ukuvikela indawo yabo ngokuthembekile kubahlaseli, baqala ukuphanga futhi bayicekele phansi. Yile ndlela kanye izifo ze-autoimmune zisebenza ngayo, lapho amasosha omzimba ehlasela ngokuzumayo izakhiwo/amaseli athile emzimbeni wakho. Ukuze uhlole ngokuthembekile isifo esinjalo, odokotela basebenzisa, phakathi kwezinye izinto, okuthiwa i-autoimmune serology, lapho ama-autoantibodies athile angatholwa ngokuthembekile.
Isifo sikashukela sohlobo loku-1
Yize uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 oluvame kakhulu luvame ukugqugquzelwa ukungondleki kahle nokukhuluphala, uhlobo 1 luyisifo esivamile sokuzivikela komzimba. Imvamisa, iziqhingi zeLangerhans kumanyikwe zikhiqiza i-insulin ye-hormone eyehlisa ushukela egazini. Ohlotsheni lwesifo sikashukela i-mellitus, lawa maseli ahlaselwa futhi abhujiswe amasosha omzimba, ukuze umuntu othintekile angasakwazi ukukhiqiza i-insulin futhi kufanele ayijove impilo yakhe yonke.
psoriasis
I-Psoriasis nayo iyisifo se-autoimmune. Ukukhuluma ngokuqinile, amangqamuzana omzimba ahlasela amangqamuzana anezimpondo (ama-keratinocyte) esikhumbeni esingenhla. Kodwa-ke, lawa maseli anezimpondo awabhujiswa, kodwa akhuthazwa ukuba akhule engalawulwa amasosha omzimba. Lokhu kubangela ububomvu obubonakalayo kanye nokukala. Amafutha ahlukahlukene, ama-lotion kanye ne-cortisone angadambisa lesi sifo. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, futhi kusetshenziswa lokho okubizwa ngokuthi yi-light therapy.
Ukulahlekelwa izinwele eziyindilinga
Uma kuziwa ekuqothukeni kwezinwele, into yokuqala efika engqondweni yinto ecasulayo kakhulu engakhula ngokukhula. Kodwa-ke, akuwona wonke umuntu owaziyo ukuthi kungaba futhi isifo se-autoimmune. Kunjalo impela ngokulahleka kwezinwele eziyindilinga. Amabala anempandla ayindilinga ekhanda abaluleke kakhulu ekubonweni, yingakho lesi sifo, esaziwa nangokuthi i-alopecia areata, singabacindezela kakhulu labo abathintekile. Isizathu siwukuhlasela kwamasosha omzimba ezimpandeni zezinwele, okugcina kudale ukuthi izinwele ziqothuke. Kuze kube manje, akucaci ukuthi lesi simo senzeka kanjani, lapho ama-immunosuppressants kuphela atholakalayo okwamanje. Le mithi icindezela amasosha omzimba futhi ngaleyo ndlela ikhulule izimpawu.
isifo se-celiac
Ngokusho kolwazi lwamanje, isifo se-celiac siphinde sibe yisifo se-autoimmune. Ukungabekezelelani kokudla okwaziwayo ukuthi ziningi kakhulu. Kulesi simo, iziguli azikwazi ukubekezelela i-gluten. Isifo se-Celiac sinesici esisodwa esikhethekile phakathi kwazo zonke izifo ezizimele: ngokushesha nje lapho ukudla okuqukethe i-gluten kugwenywa, izimpawu ziyanyamalala, ezihlanganisa ukuphefumula, isifo sohudo kanye nezimpawu ezijwayelekile ezifana nokukhathala, ubuthakathaka nokulahlekelwa isisindo.
I-Rheumatoid arthritis
I-Rheumatoid arthritis, eyaziwa kangcono ngokuthi i-rheumatism, nayo ingeyeqembu lezifo ezizimele. Amalunga abuhlungu futhi aya ngokuya eqinile abangelwa amasosha omzimba ahlasela ulwelwesi lwe-synovial futhi abangele ukuvuvukala lapho. Inhlanganisela yemithi, i-physiotherapy kanye nokwelapha ubuhlungu kuvame ukusetshenziswa ngokwelashwa. Ngale ndlela, izimpawu ngokuvamile zingancishiswa ngempumelelo. I-Cortisone ibalulekile ekunqandeni ukuqubuka kokuvuvukala kwamalunga.
Photo / Video: Isithombe nge-National Cancer Institute ku-Unsplash.
