Helmut Melzer
Uma osopolitiki noma izimboni zinganaki noma zinganaki izikhalazo ezinkulu, amazwi abantu ayacelwa. Kodwa abantu abathandi njalo ukuzizwa, futhi ezinye izishoshovu ziphikiswa kakhulu. Akukaze kube nemibono eminingi kangaka eyahlukene, umphakathi wethu awukaze uhlukane ngale ndlela. Ikakhulukazi, izihloko zokuthuthela kwelinye izwe, inkinga yesimo sezulu kanye nezindlela eziyimpikiswano ze-corona zibanga isiyaluyalu. Kuyajabulisa ukuthi kunenkululeko yokukhuluma e-Alpine Republic. Noma eminye imibono ingahambisani nathi.
Ngisho nangaphambi kweCorona: Isizinda esinzima emphakathini
Iqiniso likhuluma ulimi oluhlukile, njengombiko wokugcina we-NGO I-CIVICUS mayelana nemibukiso yase-Austria: Kakade ekupheleni kuka-2018, nangaphambi kokuba i-Corona, i-CIVICUS ihlukanise ukuhlolwa kwayo kwe-Austria kusukela "ekuvuleni" kuya "kuncishisiwe" ngenxa yokuwohloka komkhakha womphakathi wokwenza okuthile. Ngokocwaningo olwenziwa yi-Vienna University of Economics and Business kanye ne-CSO Interest Group of Public Benefit Organizations (IGO), izinqubomgomo zase-Austria ezibheke ngakwesokunene ze-Populist. zemiphakathi amaphethini aziwa emazweni anegunya. Uphenyo lwathola ukuthi "isimo somphakathi siye saba nzima kakhulu eminyakeni yamuva" njengoba i-Austria ithathe izinyathelo ezivimbelayo. Qaphela, awukho umbiko omusha wesikhathi sokubusa kukahulumeni wamanje.
Rekhoda ukubulawa kwezishoshovu
Futhi izinsimbi ze-alamu nazo zikhala emhlabeni jikelele: Ngokusho kwama-NGO, okungenani izishoshovu zezemvelo ezingama-227 zizodwa UFakazi Womhlaba Wonke wabulawa ngo-2020. Isibalo asikaze sibe phezulu, njengoba sesifinyelele irekhodi lama-2019 ngo-212. “Njengoba isimo sezulu siya sikhula, udlame olubhekiswe kubavikeli bomhlaba luyakhula,” kusho ucwaningo olushicilelwe.
Auch Amnesty International uyaxwayisa: Okungenani emazweni angama-83 kwangu-149 afakwe eMbikweni Wonyaka Ka-2020, izenzo zikahulumeni zokuqukatha ubhubhane lwe-COVID-19 zibe nomthelela wokucwasa emaqenjini abesevele enganakiwe. Ezinye izifundazwe, njengeBrazil nePhilippines, zithembele ekusetshenzisweni kwamandla angalingani. Ubhubhane lwe-corona luphinde lwasetshenziswa njengezaba zokuqhubeka nokukhawulela inkululeko yokukhuluma, ngokwesibonelo eChina noma eGulf States.
ukuziphindiselela kubagxeki
Kunoma yikuphi, imingcele yenkululeko yokukhuluma ayinayo indawo embusweni wentando yeningi. Nokho, manje akungabazeki ukuthi lokhu kuyaqhubeka e-Austria nakwamanye amazwe futhi kubonisa ngokucacile ukuthambekela kokugunyazwa. Izindlela ezisetshenzisiwe azikwazi ukwehluka kakhulu: abagxeki bayagadwa, bayiswe enkantolo, ilungelo lenkululeko yokuhlangana libukelwa phansi, lidilizwe esidlangalaleni futhi liyaboshwa. Amacala amaningi ngamanye, okuthi, okwamanje, akhombise intuthuko ekhathazayo.
Umkhuba omubi: Osopolitiki bayakhononda
Ngaphezu kwakho konke ukuziphindiselela kwabagxeki, amacala ezepolitiki sekuyisikhathi eside kuyisiko e-Austria. Ikakhulukazi lapho osopolitiki bebanjwa beqamba amanga, bathembele "ekuhlaselweni njengesivikelo esingcono kakhulu" - ngokumelene nezakhamuzi, ngosizo lwemali yabakhokhi bentela. Muva nje, i-Falter emaphakathi "yashiswa": Yathi i-ÖVP idukise ngamabomu umphakathi mayelana nezindleko zabo zomkhankaso wokhetho lwango-2019 futhi yeqa ngamabomu izindleko zomkhankaso wokhetho. "Kuvumelekile," kusho iNkantolo Yezohwebo yaseVienna futhi yanikeza u-ÖVP Chancellor Kurz ukwenqaba okucacile. Phela, ngokusekelwe emaqinisweni afanayo, owayengumongameli waseFrance uNicolas Sarkozy muva nje utholakale enecala lokuxhasa ngokungemthetho umkhankaso wokhetho futhi wagwetshwa unyaka owodwa ejele.
udlame olubhekiswe kwababhikishi
Isimo sezulu emgwaqweni naso sibi kakhulu. Uvuthondaba olushaqisayo: NgoMeyi 31, 2019, izishoshovu ezivela ezinhlelweni zokuvikela imvelo i-“Ende Geländewagen” kanye “ne-Extinction Rebellion” zavimba iringi e-Urania. Ividiyo ikhombisa isenzo esinesihluku esithathwe umbhikishi: ngenkathi umsolwa oneminyaka engu-30 ebethelwe phansi nekhanda ngaphansi kwebhasi lamaphoyisa, imoto yahamba yasabisa ngokugingqika ekhanda lombhikishi. Noma kunjalo, iphoyisa lathweswa icala ngokusebenzisa budedengu ihhovisi kanye nobufakazi bamanga futhi lagwetshwa isigwebo esinemibandela esiyizinyanga eziyishumi nambili.
"Isiboshwa sepolitiki ye-ÖVP"
Izishoshovu eziyisikhombisa zaba nomuzwa ofanayo wokusabalalisa amapheshana ngaphambi kokuqala komkhankaso wokhetho we-ÖVP e-Upper Austria. Begqoke izingubo zengulube, babefuna ukwazisa abantu phambi kwe-Design Centre mayelana nephansi elibuhlungu lengulube elifakwe ngokugcwele. Ozankosi bacofa ngokushesha ngemuva kwalokho, kwalandela amahora ayisithupha esitokisini samaphoyisa. I-VGTUSihlalo u-Martin Balluch uthukuthele: “Kuyamangaza ukuthi le ÖVP ingawanaki kanjani amalungelo ayisisekelo kanye neNkantolo Yomthethosisekelo. Futhi lokhu naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi kukhona okwakamuva kakhulu okutholwe yiNkantolo Yomthethosisekelo, esho ngamagama acacile ukuthi naphezu kokwenqatshelwa kanye nendawo evinjelwe, amapheshana angase asatshalaliswe ngokuthula. Futhi lezi zishoshovu zamalungelo ezilwane azenze lutho olunye izolo." UDavid Richter, iPhini likaSihlalo we-VGT, wayelapho: "Sasiyiziboshwa zepolitiki ye-ÖVP isikhathi esingaphezu kwamahora ayisithupha. Kuyinto engaqondakali ukuthi udlame olunjalo lwamaphoyisa "lungayalelwa" yiqembu. Konke kubiyelwe ukuze kungabikho muntu ozwakalisa ukucasuka, futhi labo abalokotha banikeze amapheshana kwabadlulayo basuswa ngenkani, ngobuhlungu nezinsongo ezinamandla. Ukuze i-ÖVP ibambe umcimbi womkhankaso wokhetho "ngaphandle kwesici".
Imboni kawoyela iqapha abagxeki
Kodwa akubona osopolitiki kuphela abangcolisa izandla zabo. Ngo-Ephreli, izinhlangano ezivikela imvelo zaxwayisa ngokubhekwa okukhulayo, okuhlelekile kwenhlangano yomphakathi yimboni kawoyela negesi, "Ikakhulukazi kithina izishoshovu ezisencane, kuyethusa ukuzwa ukuthi inhlangano enamandla njenge-OMV isebenza nochwepheshe abaphenyi abanomthunzi, ngokusobala qaphela ukunyakaza kwemvelo . Izinkampani ezinjengoWelund ziziphilisa ngokwenza imibhikisho enokuthula njengeziteleka zethu zesikole kanye nentsha ekhankasela ikusasa elihle kithina sonke njengosongo olukhona nokubaqapha egameni lemboni kawoyela,” kwembula u-Aaron Wölfling weFridays For Future. I-Austria, phakathi kwabanye ishaqekile.
Corona: akukho ukugxekwa okuvunyelwe
Izinyathelo zeCorona abagxeki kufanele babekezelele ukuziphindiselela. Yinye into eqinisekile: Ngisho noma kungezona zonke izimpikiswano ezigxekayo ezifanelekile, inkululeko yokukhuluma kufanele ihlonishwe embusweni wentando yeningi. UGudula Walterskirchen, umhleli wangaphambilini we-NÖ Nachrichten NÖN, kungenzeka ukuthi ulahlwe wumbono wakhe. Waphelelwa umsebenzi. Ngokungekho emthethweni kuzwakale ukuthi ulayini wentatheli wokugomela ubumuncu. I-NÖN iphethwe yi-NÖ Pressehaus, yona ephethwe yisifundabhishobhi sase-St. Pölten (amaphesenti angu-54), inhlangano yabezindaba kusifundabhishobhi sase-St. . Ukuba seduze kwe-ÖVP kwaziwa kahle.
AMALUNGELO OMPHAKATHI
Ngokwesibonelo, ukuze abantu bakwazi ukusebenzela ukuvikela nokuthuthukisa amalungelo abantu, kufanele bakwazi ukusebenzisa ilungelo labo lokuzihlanganisa nenkululeko yokukhuluma. Izindinganiso zamazwe ngamazwe zamalungelo abantu kufanele ziqinisekise lokhu. Lezi "Isimemezelo Somhlaba Wonke Samalungelo Abantu" futhi kulo mongo futhi "Isivumelwano Somhlaba Wonke Samalungelo Omphakathi Nezombangazwe" kanye "Nesivumelwano SaseYurophu Samalungelo Abantu". Isimemezelo Selungelo Nomthwalo Wemfanelo Womuntu Ngamunye, Amaqembu Nezinhlaka Zomphakathi Zokuthuthukisa Nokuvikela Amalungelo Abantu Aqashelwa Ngumhlaba Wonke Nenkululeko Eyisisekelo (Isimemezelo Sabavikeli Bamalungelo Abantu, i-UNGA Res 53/144, 9 December 1998) siqukethe namalungelo amaningana zisebenza emphakathini womhlaba wonke.
“Ngokwesimemezelo, izinhlangano zomphakathi (ama-CSO) zinelungelo lenkululeko yokuhlangana nokukhuluma (okuhlanganisa nelungelo lokucela, lokwamukela nokudlulisa imibono nolwazi), lokumela amalungelo abantu, lokubamba iqhaza ezinhlelweni zomphakathi, ilungelo ukufinyelela kanye nokushintshisana nezikhungo zamazwe ngamazwe zamalungelo abantu kanye nokuhambisa iziphakamiso zezinguquko zomthetho kanye nenqubomgomo emazingeni asekhaya, kazwelonke namazwe ngamazwe. Kulo mongo, imibuso inesibopho sokudala isimo esivumayo kanye nokuqinisekisa ukuthi abantu bangahlangana ngamaqembu nezinhlangano ngaphandle kokuvinjelwa ukwenza lokho yizifundazwe noma abantu besithathu,” kuchaza uMartina Powell, umkhulumeli we-Amnesty International.
Photo / Video: I-VGT, ukuqothulwa kokuqothulwa.
