I-Austria ifuna ubulungiswa obufanayo beqembu elisha e-EU | attac Austria

IKhomishini ye-EU ifuna ukwethula isiphakamiso sokuvikelwa okwengeziwe kokutshalwa kwemali kwemingcele emakethe yangaphakathi ye-EU ekwindla lowe-2021, engaqukatha izinto zohlelo lobulungiswa olulinganayo lweqembu lonke phakathi kwamazwe e-EU. Ku-2018, i-European Court of Justice (ECJ) yamemezela ukuthi uhlelo oludala lwamacala akhethekile eqembu le-EU aluhambisani nomthetho we-EU. (1)

Ngokwemininingwane evela kwiKhomishini ye-EU etholakala ku-Attac, uhulumeni wase-Austria ukhankasela amalungelo akhethekile eqembu afinyelela kude kakhulu kanye nenkantolo yakhe ekhethekile yezinkampani. I- Iphrofayela yeMagazini futhi njengamanje ubika ukuthi uNgqongqoshe Wezomnotho uSchramböck unethemba "lenqubekela phambili esheshayo" kanye "nesiphakamiso sokuvelela".

Ngokusho kwe-Attac, i-Austria isinqamule kuphela esisodwa kwezivumelwano ezindala ezingekho emthethweni ze-EU - ngokusobala ngoba Amabhange ase-Austrian amacala amanje ayahamba. (3) Ngokuphambene nalokho, amazwe angama-23 e-EU asevele enazo zonke izivumelwano ezifanele zokutshalwa kwezimali phakathi kwawo ngoMeyi 2020 inqanyuliwe.

"Uhulumeni ubambezela ukuphela kwezobulungiswa ezihambisana ne-EU ngaphakathi kuze kube yilapho eseqalise ukufaka esikhundleni esizosebenzela izidingo zezinkampani ngendlela engcono kakhulu," kugxeke u-Iris Frey wase-Attac Austria. “Kodwa amalungelo akhethekile okusebenza ezinkampanini asongela inqubomgomo ngenhloso yokuzuza bonke abantu futhi ayihambisani nentando yeningi. I-Attac ngakho-ke icela uhulumeni ukuthi akhankase ukuphela kwamalungelo akhethekile ezinkampani - ngaphakathi kwe-EU nasemhlabeni jikelele.

Isifundo esisha: Izinkampani zifuna inkantolo yazo ngomthetho wazo

a isifundo esisha I-NGO Corpus Europe Corporate Europe Observatory (CEO) eseBrussels yethula umkhankaso weminyaka emibili wokunxenxa amabhange, izinkampani nezinkampani zabameli ukuphoqelela amalungelo amasha abatshalizimali kanye negunya elikhethekile e-EU. “Uma izinkampani zenza ngendlela yazo, inkantolo entsha ekhethekile ye-EU ingaphoqa ohulumeni be-EU ukuthi banxephezele izinkampani ngemali enkulu kakhulu yemithetho emisha yokuvikela abasebenzi, abathengi kanye nemvelo. Ubungozi bezezimali ekugcineni bungavimbela ohulumeni ekulawuleni ukuze kuzuze umphakathi, ”kugxeka umbhali wocwaningo uPia Eberhardt ovela kwi-CEO.

Futhi empeleni kufaka eyodwa Iphepha lezingxoxo zeKhomishini likaSepthemba 2020 izinketho ezikhathazayo. Lokhu kufaka phakathi amalungelo amakhulu wabatshali bezimali kanye nokwakhiwa kwenkantolo ekhethekile yokutshala izimali ezinkampanini ezisezingeni le-EU. Ikhomishini ibuye icabange ukudala amalungelo amasha ezinkampani abangangenelela ngawo ekulungiseleleni izinqumo zezombusazwe ngisho nangaphambi kwalokho.

Amabhange amakhulu nemboni enkulu esebenzayo ikakhulukazi / i-Erste Group kanye ne-Austrian Chamber of Commerce nabo bafuna amalungelo akhethekile

Ngokuya ngocwaningo lwe-CEO, okungenani kube nemihlangano eyishumi nambili yama-lobbyist ezinkampani neKhomishini ye-EU ngo-2019 nango-2020, lapho befuna khona inkantolo entsha ekhethekile yamaqembu ezinkampani. I-Erste Group kanye ne-Austrian Chamber of Commerce (4) nabo bacindezele i- Inqubo yokubonisana kumalungelo akhethekile. Amabhange amakhulu aseJalimane, i-European Bankers Association, indawo yokubambela abanikazi bamasheya baseJalimane kanye namaqembu okubamba izinkampani ezifana neBusinessEurope kanye ne-AFEP yaseFrance babekhuthele kakhulu ekubambeni. Umyalezo wabo: Ngaphandle kwamalungelo akhethekile okusebenza e-EU, abatshalizimali bebengeke babe "nokuvikelwa ngokwanele kwezomthetho" ngakho-ke bangatshala imali eningi ngaphandle kwe-EU.

Akunabufakazi bokuthi yikuphi ukungalungi kwabatshalizimali e-EU

KuPia Eberhardt, leli qhinga lokukhohlisa liphikisana ngokuphelele neqiniso: “Azikho izinkomba zokubandlululwa okuhleliwe kwabatshali bezimali bamazwe angamalungu e-EU okungavumela uhlelo lwabo lobulungiswa olufanayo. Emakethe eyodwa ye-EU, abatshalizimali bangathembela kuhlu olude lwamalungelo kanye nokuvikelwa, kufaka phakathi ilungelo lempahla, ukungabandlululi, ukuzwa iziphathimandla zomphakathi, nekhambi elisebenzayo kanye nokuqulwa okulungile. "

Noma ikuphi ukusilela ekubuseni komthetho ezweni kufanele kuthuthukiswe ngokuyisisekelo kuwo wonke umuntu, esikhundleni sokwakha amalungelo amasha asemthethweni enanini elincane lamabhizinisi asevele enamandla amakhulu futhi asevele evikelwe anciphisa inkululeko yentando yeningi yokusebenza, kudinga i-Attac.

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(1) Esinqumweni se-Achmea ngoMashi 6, 2018, i-ECJ inqume ukuthi izigaba zokulamula ezivumelwaneni zokutshala izimali ngaphakathi kwe-EU azihambisani nomthetho we-EU. Izivumelwano zokutshalwa kwezimali phakathi kwe-EU (BITs) ekuqaleni zaziphethwe ikakhulukazi phakathi kwezwe lase-Western kanye ne-Eastern Europe EU ngemuva kokuwa kweSoviet Union futhi azange zinqanyulwe lapho lezi zizwe zijoyina i-EU. Ngaphambi kwesinqumo se-ECJ, iKhomishini ye-EU ibisivele ithathe umbono osemthethweni wokuthi izivumelwano ezihambisanayo zokutshalwa kwezimali ziphule umthetho we-EU futhi zaqala izindlela zokwephula umthetho ezibhekise e-Austria ngasekuqaleni kuka-2015.

(2) Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi uhulumeni waseBierlein wagunyaza izivumelwano zokunqanyulwa ezihambisanayo zezifunda eziningana ze-EU ngoDisemba 18, 2019 futhi waqala izinyathelo ezidingekayo zokusayinwa kwabo.

(3) Amacala amane e-ISDS ngamabhange ase-Austrian abhekene neCroatia njengamanje asalindile ngaphambi kwezinkundla zokulamula. IRaiffeisenbank, i-Erste Bank, i-Addiko Bank kanye neBhange lase-Austria bathembele kumalungelo akhethekile okusetshenziswa ukuze baqinisekise izintshisekelo zabo. Kususelwa esivumelwaneni sokutshala imali sase-Austrian neCroatia. Ukube i-Austria ibisayine isivumelwano sokunqanyulwa kwamazwe amaningi ngoMeyi 5, 2020, i-Austria neCroatia bekuzophoqeleka ukuthi bazise izinkantolo zokulamula ngesimemezelo esihlanganyelwe sokuthi isigatshana sokulamula okuvunyelwene ngaso kwisivumelwano sokutshalwa kwemali asisebenzi.

Ingqikithi yezinsolo eziyi-11 kwezingu-25 ezaziwa ngamacala e-ISDS ezivela ezinkampanini zase-Austrian zisekelwe ezivumelwaneni zokutshalwa kwezimali kwangaphakathi kwe-EU. Isibonelo, i-EVN AG yamangalela iBulgaria ngo-2013 ngoba ibona sengathi ihlupheke ngokwezimali umbuso waseBulgaria uma kukhulunywa ngokubeka amanani kagesi nokukhokhela amandla avuselelekayo.

(4) I-Chamber of Commerce: "Izinyathelo" kuphela "zemfundo ezibhekiswe emazweni angamalungu ezingenanzuzo kubatshalizimali. Abatshalizimali kumele babe nelungelo lesinxephezelo sezinto ezibonakalayo. "

Amacala abatshalizimali abhekene nezifundazwe akhule ngokushesha emhlabeni jikelele eminyakeni yamuva. Amacala angaphezu kwe-2020 ayaziwa kusukela ngoDisemba 1100. Cishe amaphesenti angama-20 alokhu athunyelwe ngesisekelo sezivumelwano zokutshalwa kwemali ngaphakathi kwe-EU.