Buda mumafuta negasi! Asi sarufa unoiwanepi? | Scientists4Future AT

naMartin Auer

Yese mhinduro inogadzira matambudziko matsva. Kuti tive nedambudziko remamiriro ekunze, tinofanira kumira kupisa marasha, mafuta uye gasi nekukurumidza. Asi oiri negasi rechisikigo zvinowanzova ne1 kusvika ku3 muzana sarufa. Uye iyi sarufa inodiwa. Zvinoreva mukugadzirwa kwefosfata mafetireza uye mukubviswa kwesimbi inodiwa kune iyo nyowani yakasvibira tekinoroji, kubva kune photovoltaic system kusvika kumabhatiri emotokari dzemagetsi. 

Nyika parizvino inoshandisa 246 miriyoni matani esulfuric acid pagore. Inopfuura 80 muzana yesarufa inoshandiswa pasi rose inobva mumafuta. Sarufa pari zvino itsvina kubva mukucheneswa kwezvakagadzirwa zvisaririra kudzikamisa kubuda kwesarufa dhiokisi rinokonzera kunaya kweasidhi. Kubvisa mafuta aya kuchadzikisira zvakanyanya kuwanikwa kwesarufa, ukuwo kudiwa kuchiwedzera. 

Mark Maslin ndiye Purofesa wePasi System Science paUniversity College London. Chidzidzo chakaitwa pasi penhungamiro yake[1] yakaona kuti fossil phase-out inodiwa kusvika kune net-zero target ichashayikwa kusvika matani 2040 miriyoni esarufa panosvika 320, kupfuura yatinoshandisa pagore nhasi. Izvi zvingakonzera kuwedzera kwemutengo we sulfuric acid. Mitengo iyi inogona kutorwa nyore nyore nemaindasitiri e “green” ane pundutso kudarika nevagadziri vefetereza. Izvi zvaizoita kuti fetereza idhure uye chikafu chidhure. Vagadziri vadiki munyika dzine urombo kunyanya vaigona kutenga fetereza shoma uye goho ravo raizoderera.

Sulfur inowanikwa muzvigadzirwa zvakawanda, kubva pamatairi emotokari kusvika pamapepa uye detergent. Asi iyo inonyanya kukosha kushandiswa iri mumakemikari indasitiri, apo sulfuric acid inoshandiswa kuputsa zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana. 

Kukurumidzira kukura kwekabhoni tekinoroji senge mabhatiri epamusoro-soro, injini dzemotokari dzakareruka kana solar panels zvinotungamira mukucherwa kwemaminerari, kunyanya ores ane cobalt uye nickel. Kudiwa kwecobalt kunogona kuwedzera ne2 muzana ne2050, nickel ne460 muzana uye neodymium ne99 muzana. Ese masimbi aya mazuvano anotorwa pachishandiswa huwandu hukuru hwe sulfuric acid.
Kuwedzera kwehuwandu hwepasi rose uye kuchinja kwekudya kuchawedzerawo kudiwa kwesulfuric acid kubva kuindasitiri yefetereza.

Kunyange paine huwandu hwakakura hwemaminerari esulphate, iron sulphides uye elemental sulfur, kusanganisira mumatombo anoputika, migodhi yaizofanira kuwedzerwa zvakanyanya kuti ibvise. Kushandura sulfates kuita sarufa kunoda simba rakawanda uye kunokonzera huwandu hwakawanda hwe CO2 kubuda nenzira dzemazuva ano. Kubviswa uye kugadziriswa kwesarufa uye sulfide zvicherwa zvinogona kuva chitubu chemhepo, ivhu uye kusvibiswa kwemvura, acidify pamusoro uye pasi pemvura, uye kuburitsa chepfu senge arsenic, thallium uye mercury. Uye kuchera kwakanyanya kunogara kwakabatana nezvinetso zvekodzero dzevanhu.

kudzokorodza uye kuvandudza

Saka manyuko matsva esarufa asingabvi mumafuta ezvicherwa anofanira kuwanikwa. Pamusoro pezvo, kudiwa kwesarufa kunofanirwa kudzikiswa kuburikidza nekudzokorodza uye kuburikidza nehunyanzvi maindasitiri maitiro anoshandisa shoma sulfuric acid.

Kutora maphosphates kubva mumvura yakaraswa uye kuagadzira kuita fetiraiza kwaizoderedza kukosha kwekushandisa sulfuric acid kugadzira matombo ephosphate. Izvi zvaizobatsira, kune rumwe rutivi, kuchengetedza kupihwa kushoma kwedombo rephosphate uye, kune rumwe rutivi, kuderedza kuwandisa kwefertilization yezvitunha zvemvura. Algal blooms inokonzerwa nekuwedzeredza-fertilization inotungamira mukushaikwa kweokisijeni, inokachidza hove nezvirimwa. 

Kudzokorora mamwe mabhatiri e-lithium kwaizobatsirawo kugadzirisa dambudziko. Kugadzira mabhatiri nemamotor anoshandisa mashoma emasimbi asingawanzo kudzikisawo kudiwa kwesulfuric acid.

Kuchengeta simba rinogonekazve pasina kushandisa mabhatiri, kuburikidza nehunyanzvi hwakadai sekushandisa mhepo yakadzvanywa kana giravhiti kana kinetic simba remavhiri mavhiri uye humwe hutsva, kunoderedza zvese zviri zviviri sulfuric acid uye fossil peturu zvinodiwa uye kutyaira decarbonization. Mune ramangwana, mabhakitiriya anogona zvakare kushandiswa kubvisa sarufa kubva kune sulfates.

Mitemo yenyika nedzepasi rose inofanirwawo kufunga nezvekushomeka kwesarufa mune ramangwana pakuronga decarbonisation, nekusimudzira kudzokorodza uye kutsvaga mamwe masosi ane mutengo wakaderera wemagariro uye nharaunda.

Mufananidzo webutiro: Prasanta Kr Dutta pamusoro Unsplash

Akaonekwa: Fabian Schipfer

[1]    Maslin, M., Van Heerde, L. & Day, S. (2022) Sulfur: Dambudziko rezviwanikwa rinogona kukanganisa tekinoroji yakasvibira uye kutyisidzira kuchengetedzwa kwechikafu senyika decarbonises. The Geographical Journal, 00, 1-8. Pamhepo: https://rgs-ibg.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/geoj.12475

Kana kuti: https://theconversation.com/sulfuric-acid-the-next-resource-crisis-that-could-stifle-green-tech-and-threaten-food-security-186765