Helmut Melzer
Nhau dzakanaka: Hatina mhosva zvachose! Chishuvo chedu chekunyumwa chinomutswa kunyange isu tisati tazvarwa. "Chekutanga zviitiko zvekuravira zvakagadzirwa kare mudumbu." Iko kuumbwa kweamniotic fluid inoshanduka zvinoenderana nekudya kwaamai uye kuburitswa kwezvakatipoteredza. Iyo amniotic fluid haina chete michero asi inonaka uye kunhuhwirira mamorekuru ayo anomutsa iyo fetus yekunzwa sensens masero, "anodaro Petra Rust weDhipatimendi reNutritution Sayenzi kuYunivhesiti yeVienna - uye anoziva kuratidza izvi: semuenzaniso, muvachangobva kuwanikwa vanaamai vakagadziriswa panguva yekuzvitakura. Kuitika kwakanaka kunhuwa kweaniseed kwakacherechedzwa zvakananga uye pazuva rechina mushure mekuzvarwa, nepo chimiro chechiso chekurambwa chaiwanzoonekwa muvachangozvarwa avo amai vasina kutora zvigadzirwa zvekunakidzwa.
Uye kunze kweizvozvo, isu tese tinotapira - kubva pakuzvarwa. Rust: "Kliniki kucherechedzwa kwakasiyana kwema fetus ekudzivirira nekubaya zvinhu zvinotapira kana zvinovava mumvura yeamniotic yakaratidza kufarira kwekutapira uye kuda zvinhu zvinovava." Kuongorora uku kunopa chiratidzo chisina kujeka chekuda kwekuravira, sezvo mhinduro dze fetus dzinogona kuyerwa chete kusvika padiki. "
"Muzvisikwa, zvinhu zvinotapira zvinosanganisirwa sosi yakanaka yesimba, nepo zvinhu zvinovava zvinobatanidzwa nehupfu."
Petra Rust kubva kuDhipatimendi reNutrition, University of Vienna
Tsananguro yemutano: Iyo yekuda kwakatapira kwakanaka kunogona kunge kwakaitika kuti kuve nechokwadi chekuti chikafu chinogamuchirwa nehutano hwakanaka, kunyanya mukaka wechipfuva. Muzvisikwa, zvinotapira zvinhu zvinosanganisirwa sosi yakanaka yesimba, nepo zvinhu zvinovava zvinosanganiswa nehupfu.
Nibbler shamwari dziri munzira nzira latecomers: Iko kugona kuravira munyu kungotenderera mwedzi yechina yehupenyu. Kubva pane zera rino, kudhanilodha kunogona kupihwa kune munyu mhinduro nekuenzaniswa nemvura.
Kufungidzira genetic kune inonaka
Chido chemaswiti, zvisinei, hachishande kune wese munhu zvakafanana. Petra Rust pamasayenzi ezvesainzi: "Kusiyanisa rudzi kunounza kumanzwiro emunhu wega. Vanhu vanoratidza genetic fungidziro yekuda kuravira kutapira. Iko kutapira kwekunakirwa maonero muvanhu kunopindirwa ne heterodimer G protein-yakabatanidzwa receptors yakavharidzirwa neTAS1R2 uye TAS1R3. "Kutsauka kumwechete munzira yeicototide kunogona kutungamira mukusiyana mukunzwa kwekutapira."
Zvakaipa: mafuta mazhinji, munyu wakawanda
Chero zvazvingave, kuravira kunokonzeresa kusarudzwa kwechikafu, apo iko kutapira kwechikafu ndicho chinhu chikuru chinokurudzira icho chinotarisa izvo vana vanoda kudya. Asi chii icho - kunze kweshuga - kwakaipisisa pakudya? Nutritionist Rust inopawo ruzivo pane izvi: "Pamusoro pe shuga, maswiti anowanzove nemafuta akawandisa-pasi uye nekudaro simba, uye ine munyu, hongu, yakawandisa munyu. Iko kunwiwa kwezvigadzirwa zvakadaro kazhinji kusaziva pachiitiko. Kusanganiswa nemitambo yeterevhizheni kana yemakomputa - ndiko kuti, kuita kwakawandisa kwemuviri - kunoda chiyero chesimba, icho chinosimudzira kuneta uye kufutisa. "
Kurudziro: Maswiti saka haamiriri chikafu chakakwana.Pashure pezvose, kunyanya vana senge maswiti asi zvakanyanya, ikozvino uye nekuzara zvinotapira main kosi kana muchero madhisiki anogona kuiswa muchikafu.
Hutano dzimwe nzira
Hapana mubvunzo, dzimwe hutano nzira dzekutsvagira hausi kushomeka. "Michero nemiriwo yakakodzera, pamwe nemichero yakaomeswa, nzungu, mashoma-mafuta, asina mafuta kana zvigadzirwa zvemukaka zvakaderera-zvinotapira." Zvibereko nemiriwo zvinofanirwa kuve zvakagadzirwa zvakagadzirwa - semuenzaniso, zvidimbu zvine hushamwari kana maumbirwo akasarudzika senge gumbo revhiri kana nyoka yenyoka. Kana zvasvika kune nzungu uye michero yakaomeswa, kutarisisa kunofanirwa kubhadharwa kuhukuru hwechikamu, sezvo vaine huwandu hwesimba-simba, "anokurudzira Rust. Kune zvakare zvigadzirwa zvakawanda senge michero mimbure, yatopedzwa kare muchitoro. Nekudaro, zvinoshandawo pano: tanga watarisa kuti vane hutano hwakanaka here, kana kungonyepedzera.
Ecological & social alternatives
Kudya, zvisinei, kunewo kukosha kwepasirese. Kunyangwe nemaswiti, chikafu chisingadya uye dzimwe nzira dzeNasch Conscious kushandiswa kunoziviswa. Avo vasina hanya nezve yakakwira shuga kana mafuta zvemukati vanofanirwa kuve nekwaniso yekuwana kubva kune zvakasikwa uye zvemagariro dzimwe nzira. Ivo vakapihwa kwenguva yakareba, maswiti, ayo musanganiswa unouya zvakanyanya kubva kurima yemhando uye nekudaro anoita mupiro mukudzivirira kwezvakatipoteredza. Izvo zvinofanirwa kuremekedzwa: mudunhu, zvakasikwa, kutengeserana kwakanaka uye kugara kwemhuka.
Kuziva kwekutya
zvenharaunda
Kubva pane yakatarwa yekuona, hazviite pfungwa kutakura zvigadzirwa pamusoro pemarefu akareba. Naizvozvo, teerera zvakanyanya kune kwakatangira zvigadzirwa, kusanganisira michero uye miriwo. Izvi zvinobatsira kudzivirira CO2 kubuda kubva mukutakura.aiva
Kana zvirizvo, saka organic. Izvi hazvingoshande kumichero nemiriwo chete, asiwo kune zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvakawanda zviripo mumhando dzenyama. Iyo inopihwa, kunyangwe mumasupamaketi akajairika, iri kukura nekukurumidza: Chips dzave kutotemwa kubva kumapoto epanyama kubva kuAustria, yakabikwa mumafuta ezuva nezuva muhari uye inogadzirwa pasina zvekuwedzera - miriwo, gluten-isina, lactose-isina.akanaka Trade
Nezve zvigadzirwa uye zvigadzirwa zvakasvibiswa kubva kune nyika dzine urombo, zvinodikanwa kuti umise maitiro ekunyanyisa. Kunyanya, Fairtrade yakazvipira kune fairer mubairo uye yakajeka mamiriro ekushanda.Kuchengetwa kwemhuka & vegan
Kunyanya vegan vapenyu vatengi, asiwo vanorwira kodzero dzemhuka vanoterera mavara anoenderana neruva revagan. Izvi zvinovimbisa mune chero mamiriro ezvinhu kuti hapana mhuka yaitambura.kavha
Kwemamwe marekodhi emhando, chaiwo chaiwo ekupakata zvinodiwa anogadzirwa. Semuenzaniso, zvimwe zvinoshandiswa zvinogona kurambidzwa kurongedzwa, senge chlorated hydrocarbons kana aluminium.
Chikamu chakakosha chekuti usadya, nekudaro, chocolate. Chinhu chakakoshesa kunze kweshuga ndeye cocoa, iyo inodyarwa chete munzvimbo dziri kure, hurombo. Maitiro ekunyanyisa haafanire kutsigirwa. "Mukugadzirwa kweecocoa, kushanda kwenguva yakareba uye kuita zvinhu zvinorema panzvimbo yekuenda kuchikoro chimwe chikamu chehupenyu hwezuva nezuva hwevana vanowanzo shanda ipapo sevaranda," anodaro Gerhard Riess anobva kuPR-GE mubatanidzwa wevashandi. Fairtrade yakazvipira kune hukama hwakanaka hwekutengeserana uye mamiriro ekushanda akanaka kune vasina kusimba muketani yekukosha. Hartwig Kirner, maneja Director weFairtrade Austria: "Nekutenga tsoro-yakatengeswa chokoreti, vatengi vanotsigira kurambidzwa kwevanobata vana mabasa uye kuitiswa kwemaitiro anoshanda emamiriro ezvinhu!"
Matipi: vana & snacking
Mukudya kwakaringana, anosvika gumi muzana yezvesimba zuva nezuva kubva pamaswiti uye svutugadzike inogona kushivirira. Kune 4- kune 6-vane makore ekupedzisira iyo 150 kcal ndeye mazuva ese. Iyo isinganyanyi kutapira, iyo yakawanda nzvimbo yasara yezvikafu zvine hupfumi.
Zvirongwa zvekubata zvine mwero maswiti, zvinokurudzirwa neGerman Initiative Yekudya Hutano:
Gadza chikafu nemwana wako kwemazuva maviri kusvika kuvhiki. Mukati meiyi nguva, mwana anosarudza nzira yekugovera kupihwa kwake.
Ingoronga nemwana wako kuenda ku "Inonaka Dosi" pamwe chete.
Gadzira imwe nguva yekunwa, z. Mushure mekudya.Gadzira zvinyoro nyoro dhizi kana chinonaka chinotapira masikati. Kudya maswiti zvisati zvaitika kana kuti panzvimbo pekudya chikafu hachirambe.
Kudzivirira kusvibira nekudya kwese.
Lemonades uye zvokunwiwa zvakapfava ndizvo zvakasiyana.
Kana iwe uchingotenga maswiti mashoma, ita shuwa kuti une dzimwe nzira dzinonakidza.
Bvumirana pane chinhu chidiki usati watenga, kuti mwana wako azive izvozvo kunyangwe pasina whine
Pipi anowana.Dzivisa mitsara se "kutanga miriwo, ipapo pane chimwe chinhu chinotapira", nekuti
izvi zvinowedzera kukosha kwepipi.Shandisa kutapira kwechisikigo
Iko kuravira kwekunonaka kunonaka. Chikafu chinonaka sei chinonzwika, zvisinei, zvinoenderana chete neicho chiitiko. Ita kuti mwana wako adye zvine mwero zvinotapira. Kuti udzikise chikumbaridzo, iwe unogona, semuenzaniso, kana uchigadzira makeke uye dhiziri, kuderedza huwandu hwe shuga hwakapihwa. Nezvezvisikwa zvinotapira zvekudya senge nyowani kana michero yakaomeswa kana zvigadzirwa zvemukaka nemichero yakacheneswa, kukosha kwemaswiti kunogona kuguta. Vanopawo huwandu hweakakoshesa anosanganisira mavhitaminzi uye zvicherwa.
Zvimwe zvinotapira
Zvinotapira zvakadai souchi, manyuchi kana nzimbe dzese zvadzo hazvipe zvakanakira kupfuura yakajairwa tafura shuwa. Zvakarewo vatapira haapi chero chinotsiva. Kunyangwe iine macalories mashoma kana asina, ivo vanosimudzira, senge shuwa, chinja ichi kunonaka.
Ziva "yakavanzika" shuga
Yakawanda sei shuga iri mukati mekudya, inovhenekesa kutarisa pane zvinyorwa zvezviyo. Iyo yekuwedzera iyo shuga yakanyorwa, iyo yakawanda inosanganiswa. Anovanda kuseri kwemamwe mazwi asinganyatso kujairika - seizvo rondedzero inotevera inoratidza.
Sucrose = sekristaro / shuga yetafura
Glucose = glucose
Glucose syrup = shuga uye mvura
Dextrose = glue
Pindurudza shuga = mazambiringa uye fructose
Maltose = malt shuga
Fructose = fructose
Lactose = lactose
