Stefan Tesch
Kubhejera, simba renyukireya, zvombo, fodya uye genetic engineering zvinongova zvikamu kubva pane zvakatemwa maitiro ayo iyo Wiener Privatbank Schelhammer naSchattera akaganhurira kukudyara nekusimudzira. Makambani anoshanda munzvimbo idzi haazowana nzvimbo mune yetsika mari yebhangi iri. Saizvozvo, nyika dzinodonha kuburikidza negridi, apo kutyorwa kwekodzero dzevanhu, kushandira vana uye mutongo werufu ndiwo marongero ezuva kana kufara rusununguko rwenhau.
Iri bhangi rine chekuita nechechi ndeimwe yemapiyona mumunda wekusimudzira mari. "Patakatanga kumisikidza hunhu hwemari pamakore gumi nemashanu apfuura, takasekwa," anoyeuka kudaro Georgia Lemmerer, Head of Sustainability. Nekudaro, iro dambudziko re15 rakatungamira varimi kuti vafungisise uye vazhinji vakaona kuti hunhu nekusimudzira haisi yekushambadzira gimmick mushure mezvose. "Kuisa mari mumakambani kunodzivirira njodzi", anotsanangura Lemmerer. Semuenzaniso, kubhuroka kweGreek kwakaponeswa, nekuti hurumende yeHellenic hurumende haisi yekuenda nekuda kwebhajeti rezvombo zvakakwirira. Mapepa anobva kukambani yemafuta BP ndeyowo taboo. "Kana makambani achigara achityora mirau yezvakatipoteredza, ingori nyaya yenguva isati yave nekukanganisa kubudirira kwehupfumi," anotsanangura Lemmerer. Kunyangwe mitengo yemari yeSchelhammer yemitemo yakadonha panguva yedambudziko, vakapora nekukurumidza kupfuura avhareji.
ZANO rekudyara nekusimudzira:
Kugadzikana vs. goho
Kunyangwe mari yakagadzikana inowanzounza yakakwira kana yepasi kudzoka kupfuura "zvakajairwa" haigone kupindurwa padenga-ratidziro. Asi zviri pachena kuti "kusima mari zvakanaka hazvifanirwe kunge kuri mukubhadhara kwekudzoka," anodaro Lemmerer. Iko kutarisa kwe "3" ethics fund, iyo ine 80 muzana yezvisungo uye 20 muzana muzvibodzwa, inoratidza kuti kubva payakavambwa mugore re1991, mutengo wayo wakakwira paavhareji neavhareji yegore re4,3. Pakazara, Schelhammer naSchattera vanopa zvitanhatu mari yetsika ine pfungwa dzakasiyana shure kwayo.
Rudzi rwezvigadzirwa zvemari zvakagadzirisika zviri panguva iyoyo zviri kukura kuAustria pamwe nekune dzimwe nyika. Nekudaro, kududzirwa kwepfungwa yekusimudzira pakati pezvikoro kunosiyana-siyana. Semuenzaniso, mari zhinji dzine chete imwe chete eco-musoro mune portfolio inoonekwa seyakachengeteka. Kutungamira kunopihwa neve Ministry of the Environmental neAustria Ecolabel yeSustainable Mari Zvigadzirwa. Mari dzinoitakura chiri chipingamupinyi kune simba renyukireya, pfuti, genetic engineering uye kutyorwa kwekodzero dzevanhu. Rondedzero yacho inogona kuwanikwa pasi www.umweltzeichen.at.
Microcredit seyokubatsira kusimudzira
Kuti uwane mari nekusimukira, echinyakare mabhangi haadi hake. Imwe yemhando dzakasiyana ndeyemabhizimusi madiki, kupihwa madiki-kiredhiti kune vanhu vanotambura munharaunda dzichiri kusimukira uye dzichiri kusimukira nyika. Ivo vanopihwa nekwamuno vanoshandisa microfinance institution (MFIs) kune vasina-kubhanga vanhu, vanhu vasingakwanise kuwana zvikwereti kubva kune zvakajairika mabhanga. Zvikonzero zveizvi zvinogona kuve iri vhoriyamu yakanyanya kuderera kumabhangi kana kusakwanisa kuverenga kwevatengi
"Zvikwereti zvidiki zvinobatsira vanhu nemari kuti vamire nemakumbo maviri uye vasazvimanikidza mumachira evakweretesi chikwereti kana kupara mhosva," anotsanangura Helmut Berg, mukuru Austria bazi reOikocredit, Yakavambwa muNetherlands, iyi 1975 Investment Cooperative nhasi inoshanda mune 71 nyika. Izvo hazvina kukweretesa pachayo kune microcredit, asi inopa capital kune dziva remuno anoshanda MFIs (600 munyika dze70 pasi rese). Mukuita izvi, Oikocredit inoshanda chete nevaya veMFI avo vanopa ivo vanokweretesa akakwana coaching kune avo ebhizinesi kufambisa. "Vanosangana nevatengi vavo pamatanho akaenzana uye vanovabata sevashandi vebhizinesi," anodaro Berg. Mari yakajairwa kukwereta muAsia neSouth America iri pakati pe100 ne500 Euro pamitengo iri pakati pemwedzi mitanhatu pagore rimwe. Iko kukwereta kwakadaro kunowanzo kukwana, kuitira kuti pamusoro pehunyanzvi unogona kutenga muchina mutsva wekusevhisa uye nokudaro unochengetedza rinobva rakareba mari inowanikwa.
Kukusimudzira Kwekudyara: Tora chikamu muMicrofinance
Semunhu akazvimiririra iwe unogona Oikocredit Kuchengeta mari zvakachengetedzeka kubva ku200 Euro muchimiro cheCooperative Share Certification pasina nguva yekusungwa. Zvichienderana nebudiriro yebhizimusi, anosvika maviri muzana ezvikamu zvinogovaniswa gore rega, izvo zvakaonekwa mumakore apfuura. Iko hakuna yekutenga uye yekutengesa mubhadharo uye hapana mubairo wekuchengetedza. Nekudaro, kambani iri kukumbira mari yekuzvidira yeiyo nhengo kubva ku20 Euro kuvhara iyo yekubhadhara mari. Munyika ino, yakapoteredza 5.200 vanhu parizvino vari kuisa mari yavo zvakanaka neavhareji ye18.000 Euro imwe neimwe. Muhuwandu, izvi zvinoita imwe capital Investment yemamiriyoni e93, imwe inoveresa matavi ese Oikocredit Pamwe chete, iwe unosvika pedyo bhiriyoni. Inenge hafu yeiyo vhiki yeOikocredit yekudyara vhoriyamu iri kuenda kuLatin America, kota kuenda kuAsia, uye chikamu kuAfrica uye Central uye Eastern Europe. Nyika dzine huwandu hwepamusoro hwemari: India (yakapoterera 95 mamirioni), Cambodia (65 mamirioni) uye Bolivia (60 mamirioni).
Uye zvakadii nenjodzi yacho? "Chiyero chechikwereti chechikwereti chiri chikamu chimwe kubva muzana." Mukana wedu mukana wakakura wekusiyanisa capital capital, "anodaro Berg. Nekudaro, sekunge nezvimwe zvigadzirwa zvemari, iro hombe revasarari harisi pasi peinishuwarenzi ipi neipi, uyezve, kusarudzika kwakakwana kunogoneka. Nekudaro, hapana investor iye achiri kurasikirwa mari kuOikocredit.
Kuisa mari nekusimudzira: migove mumagetsi magetsi
Zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi zvehurumende, kazhinji masimba emagetsi, zvakave zvakakurumbira mumakore apfuura. Vagadziri vemari vanotenga mapuranga emagetsi ezuva nezuva emuchina wemagetsi vobva vaarenda kune anoshanda. Izvi zvinogadzira magetsi uye zvinobhadhara pagore migove kune muridzi wepaneru. Kutengesa-Uye-Kuremara-Kudzana izita remutambo uye rakakurumidza kufambiswa neWien Energie ine 24 masimba emagetsi, anosanganisira 22 solar uye maviri emhepo turbines, ari Greater Vienna nharaunda. Parizvino, vamwe vanoisa mari ye6.000 vane huwandu hwemamiriyoni e27 euros. "Musika ungangoita wekudyara kwePV uchiri wakanyanya kwazvo, asi huwandu hwechibereko hwakavimbiswa zvakanyanya nemipiro yehurumende kumagetsi akasvibira," anodaro Günter Grabner, maneja weKärntner Yedu yekudyara simba Naturstrom GmbH, Shandisi ye20 solar magetsi zvinomera muAustria. Parizvino, iyo rutsigiro (vulgo feed-in tariff) iri pa8,24 masenti pa kilowatt-awa, 2012 19 Cent yaive yakawedzera kakapetwa kaviri kupfuura. Iyo inodzoka pane akadai mari inogona saka kudzikira mukufamba kwenguva. Sezvo mutemo, vashandi vekudyara kwemagetsi vanopa mareti emari inowedzerwa neshoko risingaperi.
"Simba redu rekudyara" rinovimbisa matatu muzana akagadziriswa uye madhoo evashambadziri akavhurika parizvino, nekuti Günter Grabner arikuvaka 12.000-mapaneru evagari vemagetsi padenga repaki yebhizinesi muWernersdorf, Styria. Ivo vega vanhu vakazvimiririra vanogona kutenga pakati peimwe uye makumi mana emapaneli pamutengo we48 euros imwe neimwe - anosvika makumi maviri nemana emamiriyoni euros anotenderwa sevatengesi. "Paavhareji, mumwe ane mapaneru makumi maviri," anodaro Grabner. Iko hakuna nguva inosunga, zvisinei, kana iwo mapaneru akatengeswa mukati memakore mashanu ekutanga, mari ye500 euros inowanikwa.
Kubatanidzwa muWindkraft Simonsfeld AG, anoshanda emapurazi emhepo gumi muAustria uye imwe muBulgaria, anoshanda zvakasiyana. Vagadziri vemari vanogona kutora chikamu ipapo kuburikidza nevasina kunyorwa zvikamu, izvo zvinongotengeswa zvakananga pakati pevaridzi.
Attrakiti: Kupinda muchisimba kwemajini emagetsi zvimiti zvisingapihwe mutero wemuguta uye kudzoka kunofanirwa kubvisirwa mutero zvakasiyana kubva ku730 Euro kusabvumirwa pagore.
Kuisa mari zvakanaka: imwe nzira yekudyara vanhu vazhinji
2013 Wolfgang Deutschmann yakatoziva kuti Crowdinvesting irikugadzirisa inoitisa capital capital musika uye yakavamba platforminvesting chikuwe nemudiwa wayo Peter Gaber Green Rocket, Inotarisa chete pane yakagadzikana bhizinesi mazano. Muenzaniso wazvino uno ndeye bio yemichero yemichero yemuchirimo, iyo ichangoburitsa 150.000 Euro kubva muchaunga. "Kusiyana nemamwe mapuratifomu, isu tinosarudza zvinoenderana nemitemo yakaoma," anodaro Deutschmann. Zvirongwa zvebhizinesi hazvifanirwe kunge zviripo, zvinofanirwa kukanganwika. "Kungouya chete kwatiri nepfungwa kwatonyanya," anodaro muvambi. Mhedzisiro yeiyi mutemo yakaoma: Kubva kumapurojekiti e30, maviri chete haana kubhadharwa nechaunga.
Kudzoka kune vanoisa mari kunoumbwa nezvinhu zviviri: Kutanga, chikamu chemubatanidzwa wegore negore. Chechipiri, kubva kumabhizimusi kukosha kukosha. Nekudaro, izvi zvinofanirwa chete pakuguma kwetemu, kazhinji mushure memakore masere kusvika gumi. Vaya vanorega kubva mairi vanogona kudaro, asi vacharasikirwa neizvi, kazhinji chikamu chikuru chehuwandu hwekudzoka. Muchiitiko chekutengeswa kwekambani (Kubuda), mumwe anotora awaquot mumutengo wekutengesa. Mamwe makambani achiri kupa vatengi mari yegore rese yakakurisa mubairo wepakati peimwe kusvika kumatatu muzana pipi.
Kuisa mari chete mukambani kune njodzi zvakanyanya, nekuti kurasikirwa kwake kwekudyara kwake kwakakwanisika. "Naizvozvo, kupararira kunosvika gumi kwakanaka." Ipapo kudzoka kwegumi kune 15 muzana zvinoita, "anodaro Deutschmann. Paavhareji, vagadziri vemari vanobatanidzwa muzvirongwa zviviri kusvika zvitatu ne1.000 Euro imwe neimwe
Kusimudzira Kudyara - Musika Kusimudzira
MuAustria, Germany neSwitzerland, huwandu hwekudyara zviripo hwakawedzera zvakapetwa kagumi kubva ku52 kusvika 257 bhiriyoni pamakore mashanu apfuura. Izvi zvinoratidzwa neMusika Mushumo weForamu Nachhaltige Geldanlagen (FNG). MuAustria, 2015 dura inodyara yakakura ne14 muzana pane gore rapfuura kusvika pamabhiriyoni gumi euros. Inenge chikamu chimwe chete kubva muzana inozivikanwa kune vanhu vakazvimirira, vamwe vese kune vanochengeta masangano, semari yepension.
"Ichi chiratidzo chakanaka chekuti mari yakasimba muGerman yakawedzera kushanda mukati memusika wese," anodaro Wolfgang Pinner, mukuru weFNG Austria. "Izvi zvinonyatsoratidza kuti izvi zvinopfuura maitiro."
Photo / Video: Shutterstock.
