Susanne Wolf
"Kana zvasvika ku CO2 emissions, apuro yakajairika kubva mudunhu reLake Constance iri kunetsekana zvakanyanya kupfuura apple yemanyowa kubva kuNew Zealand."
Christian Pladerer, Ecology Institute ÖÖI
Mombe dzinofara mukadheni uye dzichitaura Schweinderl: Kana iwe uchitenda kushambadza, iyo yekurima yemuno ndeye yakachena rudo. Zvinosuruvarisa, chokwadi chakasiyana: mhou dzinoderedzwa kusvika mukaka wakakomberedzwa nekudyidzana kwakadzvarwa uye kusarudzwa kwekubereka. Mamiriyoni ehuku dzechirume anourawa gore rega rega sezvo kurera kwavo kusabhadhara. Mukuneta nyama yenguruve, inogara ichidzoka kukunetswa, senge Kushamwaridzana kurwisa mafekitori emhuka inogara ichizivisa.
Izwi rekuti "dunhu", iro rinotakurwa serakakosha uye rakasimba, nekudaro rinorasikirwa nekuvimbika. Zvigadzirwa zvezvipuka cheka zvakanyanya, asi kazhinji zvinonyanya kudhura - nyama yemichero inodhura kaviri kusvika katatu.
"Chinodiwa chinosarudza: Vanhu vazhinji vanongotenga mutengo uye havachazive kukosha kwechikafu," anodaro Hannes Royer, murimi wemichero uye sachigaro wesangano Land inoumba hupenyu. "Kana ivo vachitenga, zvisinei, vatengi vanofunga nezvekugadzirwa uye kwavanobva chikafu." MuAustria, gumi muzana muzana yemari yemhuri yekudya yakashandiswa. "Iyo iPhone ye700 Euro inoita kuti ikurumidze mumwe munhu," akatsoropodza Royer.
Varimi vari kurwira kupona
Asi zvinhu zvese zvakashata here pakurima kwedu? Maererano neFederal Environment Agency's 2018 mamiriro ekudzivirira mamiriro ekunze, kurima muAustria kunobatsira 10,3 muzana kune CO2 inosimudza, kusanganisira kurima kwechiitiko. "Zvakare nekubatsira varimi vemuno," anodaro Royer, achitaura kuti varimi vari kunetsekana sei kurarama. "Mamiriro ezvinhu epasi rose ane hutsinye. Musika wemahara unoisa varimi pasi pekumanikidzwa kukuru." Murimi wepakati weAustria ane mombe dzemukaka ye18, vazhinji vakaenda vachishanda. Kuti ugone kurarama seisingori-murimi kubva kuindasitiri yemukaka, iwe unoda 40 mombe kana kunyangwe zvichienderana nechimiro chekurima. Kufungazve kwehukama hwemhuka uye kuchengetedza kuri kuita zvishoma nezvishoma .. Mushure mezvose, Austria iri pamberi pekurima kwemanyowa muEU ne20 muzana yezvekurima zvekurima, asi chikafu chakawanda chakadai semukaka chinofanira kutumirwa kunze kwenyika. "Mutengo uye kushanda nesimba kwakakwira mune zvekurima zvisikwa, saka mutengo wakakwira wezvipenyu," anotsanangura Royer, achiwedzera kuti: "Dunhu uye organic zvaizogoneka. Nekudaro, zvekurima hazvifanirwe kupfuudza zvinodiwa nevaAustria. "
Dunhu, organic kana tsvarakadenga?
Zvigadzirwa zvinotumirwa kubva kunzvimbo dziri kure zvinoshoropodzwa nekuda kwekufambisa kwakawanda. Iyo eco-chiyero chechikafu chinotora mukukanganisa kwezvakatipoteredza kuburikidza nekugadzira, kutakurwa uye kushandiswa. Asi pano, zvakare, kana chikafu chichiuya kubva kune chenguva dzose kana kurimwa kwemanyowa kwakakosha: "Kana zvasvika pakabudiswa CO2, apuro yakajairika kubva kunharaunda yeLake Constance inokayikira kupfuura apple yemanyowa kubva kuNew Zealand," anodaro Christian Pladerer anobva Institute of Ecology, "Sezvo ngarava dzinotakura vanhu dzichitakura huwandu hwakakura, iyo CO2 mutoro weapuro imwe wakaderera."
Kana uchisarudza pakati pechinyakare apuro apuro uye akafamba-akafamba manyowani apple pladerer achiri kuteterera iyo inosiyna yedunhu, sezvo eco-chiyero chemagariro chevanhu senge mamiriro ekushanda aisazoonekwa munharaunda. Zvikafu zvakawanda, zvakaita semaranjisi kana mabhanana, zvinoshandisa vashandi munyika dzeSouth.
Ehezve, izvi ndozvazvinoita nemakwenzi kana maapparagus, anowanzowanikwa pamasherufu makuru emupfupi nguva isati yasvika. Sekutsvagurudzo yakaitwa neVCÖ, kilogiramu imwe chete yeasadhiya inobhururuka ichibva kuSouth America nemhepo inosvibisa mamiriro ekunze neinenge 17 kilogiramu ye CO2, inova nguva ye280 zvakaringana kunge yakatengwa mumwaka nguva.
Yakanaka mamiriro ekushanda
Label yeFairtrade inovimbisa varimi vadiki mutengo wakaderera wezvigadzirwa zvavo, pamwe nehukama hwekutengeserana kwenguva yakareba, inorambidza kushandira vana uye inowanzosimudzira vakadzi mumubatanidzwa. "Fairtrade inonyanya kumirira yakashanda yekushanda uye mararamiro," anodaro Hartwig Kirner, maneja Director we Fairtrade Austria, "Uye ipapo chete for Organic kurima"MuAustria, 70 muzana yezvakakodzera zvigadzirwa zveFairtrade zvakare zvakasarudzika. "Havasi vese varimi vadiki vanokwanisa kushandura kupurazi rezvipfuyo nekuti iro rinonyanya kudhura uye rinodhura. "Kudiwa hakuwanzovapo nguva dzese."
Kutaura nezvemamiriro ekushanda: Vabatsiri mune zvekurima vanoshandiswawo muAustria. Munguva yekukohwa, zvakajairika kumapurazi mazhinji eAustria kushandira vashandi vokukohwa vanobva munyika dzakavakidzana dzeEU.
"Kubiridzira ndiwo mutemo pane kusiira kunze, kungave kurima kwemanyowa kana kwechivanhu," anodaro Lilla Hajdu anobva kumubatanidzwa wePR-GE mubatanidzwa muBurgenland. "Vashandi vakasarudzwa vanosarudzwa vasingataure chiGerman - asi vanowanzokurudzirwa."
Zvimwe zvekudya zvinotonhorera
Food Coops ndidzo nharaunda dzinotengesa idzo nhengo dzadzo dzinoronga pamwe pakutenga chikafu chinogadzirwa nevarimi vemudunhu. "Kutaura zvazviri, mamiriro ekushanda emawoko evashandi vese vekudya ndiwo musimboti mukuru mukusarudzwa kwevatengesi," akadaro mutauri wecocoop. Nekudaro, makambani ese anozivikanwa angave nevashandi vekugara avo vagara nemwaka wega wega kwemakore akati wandei, kazhinji kubva kuCzech Republic, Slovakia neHungary.
Iyo Ochsenherz Gärtnerhof ipurazi rakarongeka reDemeter muGänserndorf. Muenzaniso weiyi fomu yehupfumi ndiCommunity Supported Agriculture (CSA) kubva kuUSA. IAustria-wide pane parizvino mapurazi e26, ayo akarongeka zvinoenderana nesimboti yekubatana kurima. PaGärtnerhof Ochsenherz, semuenzaniso, vanhu ve300, semapato ekuokohwa, mari uye inotsigira kurimwa uye kuchengetwa kwemiriwo, iyo iyo varimi vanogovera nharaunda yese. "Vazhinji vedu maAustria nemuchato wekuRomania vakarovedzwa - asi gore rese," anodaro Monika Mühr weGela ox moyo.
Gara kure: 4 mazano ekuchengetedza iwe!
Zvigadzirwa zvine mafuta emuchindwe - Paavhareji chigadzirwa chega chega chechikafu chine mafuta emuchindwe: mumabhisiketi, anotambanudza, zvigadzirwa zvakapera, asiwo mune mastocket, cosmetics uye agro-fuels. Nezveminda yemafuta emichindwe, kunyanya muIndonesia, nzvimbo dzakakura dzemasango ekunaya dzinocheneswa uye peat bogs yakaoma. Mhedzisiro yekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze yakakura: Indonesia parizvino iri pachinzvimbo chechitatu pakati penyika dziine iyo CO2 yakanyanya kubuda, kuseri kweUS neChina. Uye zvakare iyo mhuka yemhuka inokanganiswa: Pamusoro pezvose Orang Utans neSumatra Tigern inonyimwa nekubviswa kweasango remvura reLebensraum. Zvimwe zvinogadzirwa zvigadzirwa nemaoiri epamba senge mafuta ezuva kana sununguko yeoiri.
Tora hanya nezvisimbiso zvemhando yepamusoro Zvakadai Sustainable Palmoil (RSPO), Marine Stewardship (MSC), kana Rainforest Alliance (RA) Roundtable: Ivo vanovimbisa kusimudzira, asi vanoonekwa neGreenpeace sevasina kuvimbika.
Zvinwiwa kubva mumabhodhoro epurasitiki, kunyanya mvura yemaminerari: mapurasitiki anogadzirwa kubva mumafuta uye marara epurasitiki anosvibisa nharaunda yedu. Kuenzanisa bvunzo kwakaratidza kuti Austrian pombi mvura mune zvimwe zviitiko kunyange ine akawanda zvicherwa kupfuura achiri mineral mvura.
Nyama kubva kurima yemazuva ese: Kurima fekitoriya, mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya, methane, kuparadzwa kwemasango ekunaya neyakaunzwa soya. Aya angori mashoma emazwi akakosha anoenderana neyakajairwa kugadzirwa kwemhuka. Iyo yakasarudzika nyama kubva kurimukati yemichero kurima.
Photo / Video: Shutterstock.
