Ursula Wastl
Mukombe wekofi senge chikamu cheiyo tsika yemangwanani ndeye - maererano nekuongorora - kwetsime 60 muzana yehuwandu pakutanga kwezuva idzva. Kunyangwe filipa kofi kana espresso inowana yakawanda mibvunzo yekutenda. Nekudaro, vashoma vanhu vanoziva kuti kunze kwemhando yekugadzirira, kukohwa, kugochwa uye nemvura chaiyo yakakosha, asi kutanga uye kwakasiyana mhando uye mhando dzebhinzi. Sarudzo inokuita iwe Barista, nyanzvi yefi yekofi.
Kubva pakuona kwebhodani, gwenzi rekofi ndere mhuri yeRubiaceae, genesi Coffea, uye inoverengwa gumi nemaviri emhando dzakasiyana. Nekudaro, Arabica neRobusta vakazvisimbisa semhando dzakanakisisa dzekofi. Arabica inowanzoonekwa seyakanyanya mhando mhando yekofi. Mukuenzanisa, bhinzi yako ine yakaderera zvemukati zvine caffeine uye chlorogenic acid uye nekudaro kuravira zvakapfava. Kunyangwe ichiwanzo kutaurwa senge bhinzi yemakomo ekumusoro, kune dzimwe nyika zvakare iyo inogona kuwanikwa munzvimbo dzakaderera. Robusta dzakasiyana, kune rumwe rutivi, inokura munzvimbo dzakadzika, dzinopisa uye inozvidzivirira kubva kune dzinowanzoitika zvikara nekugadzira yakawanda caffeine. Pamusoro peizvo zvataurwa pamusoro apa, pane dzimwe mhando dzinoverengeka dzinorimirwa kushandiswa zvebhizimusi uye dzinoenderana nezvinodiwa zvemuno kana zvigadzirwa zvevanoda kofi, asi izvi zvinoita chikamu chepasi pamusika wepasi rose.
"Iyi potion yaSatani inonaka kwazvo kungave nyadzi kuisiya kune vasingatendi."
Papa Clement VII
Netsika imwe inotaura nezvemusanganiswa wekofi neRobusta share ye (kumaodzanyemba) musanganiswa weItari. MuItari, kunyanya kumaodzanyemba, kwakachipa, kazhinji kwakashatiswa Robusta bhinzi yakawedzerwa kune yakasarudzika muArabica musanganiswa kuti ubvise zvinonaka zvavo uye ugadzire chitendero chakakwana. Iyo Robusta Bean ine hutano, yakasimba mukura uye inoburitsa iyo firmer crema.
Zvinhu zvakadai sekudziya, kunaya kwemvura, kuwanda kwezuva uye kunaka kwevhu panguva yekukohwa zvinokanganisa kuravira. Nekudaro, kukohwewa kwemakore akasiyana kubva mudunhu rimwe chete rinogona kusiyana zvinoshamisa.
Mamwe marudzi ekofi
• Ribhiya - Rakasarudzika mhando dzemarudzi ari munzvimbo dzakaderera dzeWest Africa, asi zvakare inodyarwa muSoutheast Asia. Yakanyanya kurwisa chirimwa ine yakakwira caffeine yemukati.
• Stenophylla - Inokura muIvory Coast, asi ikozvino yakasimudzirwawo kuGhana neNigeria. Inoda mvura shoma uye haina kuendeswa kuEurope.
• Excelsa - Chaizvoizvo mutsauko weRibhiya bhinzi. Inokura zvakanaka paivhu rakaoma. Yakanyanya kukura muChad uye accounting kwevanga muzana muzana rekofi yenyika.
• Maragogype - Kana iwe uchiyambuka bhinzi yeArabica chirimwa pamwe neiyo yekofi liberic, iwe unowana akasiyana Maragogype. Izvi zvinoratidzirwa nehunyoro hwekunyorova uye yakadzika caffeine yezvinhu. Nzvimbo huru dzekurima ndiNicaragua neMexico.
Yakatangira Chekare - varietal kuchena
Izwi rechirungu "Imwe Dzinobva" rinoreva mabviro ekofi. Kuti kofi ikapihwa zita iri, bhinzi dzekofi dzese dzinofanira kubva mudunhu rimwe chete uye hadzifanirwe kusanganiswa nemamwe marudzi ekofi. Iyo kofi inobva kune imwe nzvimbo, purazi. Izvo zvakafanana newaini ine kofi yakasiya-siyana: hunhu hwechero wakanyanya kutarisirwa uye unoenderana chaizvo nemhando imwechete, nepo "musanganiswa" - kunge cuvée - waka "pimped".
Izvo zvakasiyana zvakasiyana zvinowanikwa nekubatanidza. Zvichienderana nekubatanidzwa kwakasiyana-siyana uye kusanganisa huwandu, flavors nyowani dzinobuda nguva nenguva. Iyo palate inotangira kubva kune yakasviba chokoreti pane yakaomeswa zvigadzirwa kusvika kune sango michero yemichero.
Inodhura zvakanyanya inowanzo bhinzi idzo dzinotengeswa, mukusikwa kwayo mhuka yaive ruoko rwake mumutambo. Saka kune dhayeti iyo yakachekwa uye yaburitswa neyekukutu seshiri (Jacu). Chimwe chinhu chakafanana neiyo Kopi Luwak, iyo inogona kuwanikwa mune yekuchera yehunde yekati mhuka.
"Kwandiri ndiko kwakanaka kwazvo mumba yekofi." "Hausi pamba uye parizvino usiri mumhepo nyowani."
Mudzidzisi Peter Altenberg
Kofi yemunhu wese!
Ndichiri pakati pe19. Muzana ramakore re19, kofi yaive yakasarudzika yaingogona kuwanikwa nevechidiki uye vekumusoro bhiriji. Nhasi, bhinzi inoshanda zvakasiyana-siyana kurapa kumunhu wese. Pakati pe7,5 ne8 mamirioni ematani emakofi akaomeswa anonwiwa pasi rese pagore, Austria inowana chechipiri pakati peFinland neNorway maererano necitaita. Kuita ichi chinodiwa chakakura, kurima uye kugadzirisa izvozvi kwanyatsogadzirwa.
Kugovera kunozviita
Makofi mazhinji emabhuru makuru anokatyamadzwa mukupisa kwemhepo kwemaminetsi maviri kusvika mashanu pa600 kusvika 800 ° C. Kusvikira hafu yetani yekofi inogona kuongororwa mumasisitimu makuru kamwechete. Kofi inopisa inozotorwa nemvura. Bhinzi inotora humwe humwe nyoro zvakare, kuitira kuti ipinde, iko kureva kuremerwa kweiyo kofi yakasvibira nekumonya, inopesana. Kune avo vatanga ve online coffee shopu "Komberedza Circle" (www.c coffeeecircle.com) maitiro akadai ari kunze kwemubvunzo: "Kuderera uremu kunoreva kofi shoma kofi paundi rekhofi inoguma nemutengo wakaderera nekuravira kudiki. Iyo inopisa yemhepo yekuvirisa maitiro ndeye zvese maitiro anoitiswa nehupfumi zvido. Kunyangwe macofi makuru esupamaketi anogona kutengeswa zvakachipa pakupera kwezuva, iwo anoravira anovava uye haana kunyatsoita. "Oliver Götz naChristian Schrödl, ivo vanotanga chirimwa chekugovera kofi" Alt Wien "(www.altwien.at), vanogocha bhinzi yavo yekofi vachishandisa imwe nzira, yakapfava zvikuru: “Nesu, tembiricha iri panhongonya yedhiramu iri pakati pe200 ne220 degrees. Maitiro ekugocha anotora pakati pemaminitsi gumi nemashanu kusvika makumi maviri neshanu, zvichienderana nerudzi rwekofi. Ipapo iyo kofi yakapedzwa inofanira kutonhodza pasi nesefa inotonhora kwemaminetsi gumi kusvika gumi nemashanu nekufamba nguva dzose isati yasunungurwa pamatombo uye nezvimwe zvisina kuchena muyakagadzirwa pajira.
Kuchovha saka ndiyo yekupedzisira nhanho yakakosha mukunatsurudzwa kwebhinzi yekofi, nekunetseka kwakanyanya kwemakemikari kuri kuitika. Sinears uye maamino asidhi ari kuunganidzwa pamwe nekukosheswa 1000 flavors ari kuumba. Katrin Engel weKofi Circle anoziva: "Kunyangwe kuwirirana kwekofi kunoenderana nemhando uye nguva yekuwedza. Iwo ane hutsinye muchero maalidhi ari mukofi anodzikira zvishoma nezvishoma panguva yekubaya. "Panguva yekupisa kwazvo uye kupisa kwemaindasitiri kuhukura, idzi dzichiramba dzakakura mubhinzi dzekofi uye zvinogona kutungamira mukutsamwiswa kwemukati memukati memukati."
Chiedza kana rima?
Iyo yakakangwa roast yakakosha kune chigadzirwa chekupedzisira mukapu. Oliver Götz: "Kwakanyanya kujeka uye kofi yacho inotendeuka kuva mukaka. Kwasviba zvakanyanya, uye anovava, nekuti zvese zvisina simba zvirairo nuances zvatsva. Maitiro edu ekucheka avete pakati pezviviri zvakanyanyisa: tiri kuyedza kutsvaga goridhe zvinoreva pakati peyakareruka zvishoma roast rudzi, iyo inonyanya kushandiswa muNorth Europe, Germany uye USA uye inogadzira yakanyorova, acidic kofi, uye yekumaodzanyemba Italian, yakasviba rudzi iyo inowanzo kukonzera zvigadzirwa zvinovava, zvinopiswa. Isu tinotenda kuti kofi yedu inogona kukura zvakanaka. Zvakaoma kuiisa mumadhirowa, asi isu tinonyanya kuda Senge Guta Rakazara. "Saka isu tinogona kudzivisa kuvhiringidza acid mukofi uye tisiri kuparadza ma nuances anonaka."
Kofi yepasi inokurumidza kurasikirwa nekunhuhwirira. Pano pane misiyano, sezvo pasi kofi yekunyatsocherechedzwa kurasikirwa kwavo kutsva kupfuura kweSiebträgerzubereitung pasi, asi vachinanzva kofi, yaive yatove ivhu, wachi ichikurumidza kupfuura bhinzi. Saka: usachengete pasi kofi kweanopfuura vhiki.
Iyo yakanaka espresso
Nyanzvi Oliver Götz anonyatsoziva maitirwo espresso akakwana: "Chokwadi, kusarudzwa kwemushini kwakakosha. Asi zvinotonyanya kukosha ndiko kuchena mukugadzirira. Muchina wacho unofanirwa kunge uine mvura yekubhururuka tembiricha inoenderana nekofi uye chaiyo boiler nekumanikidza kwepombi. Iwe unongo fanirwa kuedza kunze, muchina wese wakasiyana. Kunyanya kubatana kwefaira yemvura kunokurudzirwa, kuitira kuti ugare uine mamiriro emaminerari emvura. Mvura yakanyorova kana yakanyanya kupisa vanoparadza. Kufunga kuti iwe ikozvino watenga kofi bhinzi inonyatsokodzera kuravira kwako, uchafanirwa kutanga wakukuya. Zvakanakisa pfupi kofi isati yasvika. Dhigirii rekushesa rakakwana kana muchina weinofambisa mweya unoda pakati pe15 uye 25 masekondi kuzadza kubva mudiki wefafitera mukombe weespresso kusvika panosvika zvikamu zviviri muzvitatu, kofi yacho ine zvimiro zvakanaka uye kuravira kwakajeka uye kuravira kusingaiti zvakanyanya kana shuwa. Kubva pane portafilter hombe kofi inofanira kumhanya pakati pe 20 ne 40 masekondi. "
Kutengeserana kwakanaka & organic
Bio inomirira kubereka kwechero mukofi kofi pasina mishonga yekuuraya zvipuka, mishonga yekuuraya zvipuka kana zvipembenene. Makofi ekoniki anofanirwa kuchengetedzwa zvakasiyana kubva kune imwe nguva kofi panguva yekufambisa pamwe nekuchengetedza uye zvakare inofanira kunge yakarongedzwa zvakaparadzaniswa. Kofi yenguva dzose haifanire kusangana nekomuroni, kuitira kuti pakubika macofi maviri pameshini imwe chete anofanira kucheneswa kwazvo.
Izvo zvakakosha kune nyanzvi yekofi Oliver Götz kuti bhinzi yake inotengeswa zvakanaka. Iye amene akashanyira nzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana dzichikura, anoziva mamiriro enzvimbo uye nekudaro ane chokwadi: "Fairtrade inobudirira kupedza hurombo uye inogadzira nyika umo mhuri vadiki nevashandi vekusima miti munyika dzichiri kusimukira vanotungamira hupenyu hwakachengeteka uye hwakanaka uye kugadzira remangwana ravo. Kunyange pasina chitupa chinogona kunge chiri 100-muzana chakaringana, ini ndinofunga zvakakosha kuisa simba rakawanda mukuyedza kuzadzisa zvinangwa zveBio neFairtrade. "
Kugadzirira kwakakodzera
Nemimwe mitemo yakakosha, kugadzirira kofi kunogona kuvezwa nyore nyore kumba. Shandisa kofi nyowani kana zvichibvira. Zano: Kofi yakachena inouya yakananga kubva kune roaster kana kubva kuInternet kudonha. Kuchenesa midziyo yese inosangana nechero kofi: Kofi inosiya mafuta uye mafuta. Aya ma deposits anoita nemweya we okisijeni uye anova marancid. Iko kuravira kunoendeswa kukushayiwa kuchenesa pane imwe inotevera kofi. Shandisa mvura yakakodzera: Iyo yakaoma mvura inoshandura kuravira kwekofi. Sefaji yemvura yakakodzera inogadzirisa kuomarara kwe carbonate (lime) remvura yemapaipi uye inochengetedza kadhi yekofi kubva kune yakaomarara limescale. Yakanakira kugadzira kofi mvura ine pH ye7,0 uye kuomarara kwakawanda kwe 8 ° d.
kofi tsiva
Lupines, chicory mudzi, pamwe nezvimwe zvakasiyana sezviyo senge malt, bhari kana spelling zvinoshandiswa sechipfuva kofi. Asi kofi chaiyo haigoni kunyatso kutsiva izvo, baristas inobvumirana pasi rose.
Photo / Video: Roastery Alt Wien, Kofi yakagochwa Alt Vienna, Kofi Circle.
