Iko kutendeuka kukuru: APCC Special Report Zvimiro zvehupenyu hune hushamwari hwemamiriro ekunze

Hazvisi nyore kurarama mamiriro ekunze-ane hushamwari muAustria. Munzvimbo dzose dzevanhu, kubva kubasa uye kutarisira kune dzimba, kufamba, kudya uye kutandara, shanduko dzinosvika kure dzinodiwa kuitira kuti hupenyu hwakanaka hugoneke kune wese munhu munguva refu pasina kudarika miganhu yepasi. Mhedzisiro yekutsvagisa kwesainzi pamibvunzo iyi yakaunganidzwa, yakatariswa uye yakaongororwa nemasayendisiti epamusoro eAustria mukati memakore maviri. Ndiwo maitikiro akaita iyi report, mhinduro anofanira kupa kumubvunzo: Mamiriro ezvinhu evanhu vose anogona sei kugadzirwa nenzira yakadai kuti upenyu hune ushamwari hwemamiriro ekunze hunobvira?

Basa remushumo rakarongwa naDr. Ernest Aigner, uyo ari zvakare Scientist for Future. Mubvunzurudzo naMartin Auer kubva kuScientists for Future, anopa ruzivo nezvekwakabva, zvirimo uye zvinangwa zveshumo.

Mubvunzo wekutanga: Ndeapi mabviro ako, ndedzipi nzvimbo dzaunoshanda madziri?

Kusvikira zhizha rapfuura ndakanga ndashanda paVienna University yeEconomics uye Bhizinesi muDhipatimendi reSocio-Economics. Mabviro angu ndeye ecological economics, saka ndakashanda zvakanyanya pachimiro chemamiriro ekunze, nharaunda uye hupfumi - kubva pamaonero akasiyana - uye mumamiriro ezvinhu eizvi ndichangopfuura makore maviri apfuura - kubva 2020 kusvika 2022 - chirevo "Structures. kuitira Hupenyu hunoenderana nemamiriro ekunze” zvakarongwa pamwe nekurongeka. Ikozvino ndiri paHealth Austria GmbH" mu "Climate and Health" dhipatimendi, umo isu tinoshanda pakubatana pakati pekuchengetedzwa kwemamiriro ekunze uye kuchengetedza hutano.

Uyu mushumo weAPCC, Austrian Panel on Climate Change. Chii chinonzi APCC uye ndiani?

Iyo APCC ndeye, sekutaura, iyo yeAustria muenzanisi kune iyo Intergovernmental Panel pamusoro peKushanduka Kwemamiriro Okunze, muchiGerman “World Climate Council”. Iyo APCC yakabatanidzwa kune iyo ccca, iyi ndiyo nzvimbo yekutsvagisa mamiriro ekunze muAustria, uye izvi zvinoburitsa mishumo yeAPCC. Yekutanga, kubva muna 2014, yaive chirevo chakajairika chinopfupisa mamiriro ekutsvaga kwemamiriro ekunze muAustria nenzira yekuti vanoita sarudzo uye veruzhinji vaziviswe zvinorehwa nesainzi nezvemamiriro ekunze mupfungwa yakakura. Mishumo inokosha inobata nemisoro chaiyo inobudiswa panguva nenguva. Semuenzaniso, paive nemushumo unokosha we "Climate and Tourism", ipapo pakanga pane imwe nyaya yehutano, uye ichangobva kubudiswa "Zvirongwa zvehupenyu hune hushamwari hwemamiriro ekunze" inotarisa pane zvivakwa.

Zvimiro: chii chinonzi "nzira"?

Chii chinonzi "maitiro"? Izvi zvinonzwika zvisinganzwisisike.

Ndizvozvo, hazvina musoro, uye chokwadi takave nemakakatanwa mazhinji pamusoro pazvo. Ndingati mativi maviri akakosha kune iyi chirevo: imwe ndeyekuti ishumo yesainzi yemagariro. Tsvagiridzo yemamiriro ekunze inowanzo kukanganiswa zvakanyanya nesainzi yechisikigo nekuti inobata nezvemamiriro ekunze uye geoscience uye zvichingodaro, uye iyi rondedzero yakanyatso tsigiro yakanyatso tsigiro musocial science uye inotaura kuti zvimiro zvinofanirwa kuchinja. Uye zvimiro ndiwo ese aya mamiriro ehurongwa anoratidza hupenyu hwezuva nezuva uye anogonesa zvimwe zviito, kuita kuti zvimwe zviito zvisaite, zvinokurudzira zvimwe zviito uye hazvidi kuratidza zvimwe zviito.

Muenzaniso wekare mugwagwa. Iwe waizotanga wafunga nezvezvivakwa, izvo zvese zvenyama, asi ipapo kune zvakare iyo yese yemutemo chimiro, i.e. yemutemo maitiro. Ivo vanoshandura mugwagwa kuita mugwagwa, uye saka iyo yemutemo chimiro zvakare chimiro. Ipapo, chokwadika, chimwe chezvinodikanwa kuti ugone kushandisa mugwagwa kuva nemotokari kana kuti kukwanisa kuitenga. Panyaya iyi, mitengo inoitawo basa guru, mitengo nemitero nerubatsiro, izvi zvinomiririra chimiro.Chimwe chinhu ndechekuti, migwagwa kana kushandiswa kwemigwagwa nemotokari zvinoratidzwa zvakanaka kana zvakaipa - matauriro anoita vanhu nezvazvo. . Nenzira iyo, munhu anogona kutaura pamusoro pezvivakwa zvemukati. Hongu, inoitawo basa rekuti ndiani anotyaira mota hombe, anotyaira diki, uye ndiani anotasva bhasikoro. Panyaya iyi, kusaenzana kwemagariro uye kwenzvimbo munharaunda kunobatawo basa - kureva kwaunogara uye nemikana yauinayo. Nenzira iyi, kubva pakuona kwesainzi yemagariro, munhu anogona kushanda zvakarongeka kuburikidza nezvimiro zvakasiyana uye kuzvibvunza kuti kusvika papi zvimiro izvi zvakateerana munzvimbo dzezvidzidzo zvinoita kuti hupenyu hune hushamwari hwemamiriro ekunze huve hwakaoma kana nyore. Uye ndicho chaiva chinangwa cheshumo iyi.

Maonero mana pane zvivakwa

Mharidzo inorongwa kune rumwe rutivi maererano neminda yezviito uye kune rumwe rutivi maererano nemafambiro, semuenzaniso. B. nezvemusika kana nezve shanduko dzinosvika kure dzemagariro kana zvigadzirwa zvetekinoroji. Unogona here kutsanangura pamusoro pazvo zvishoma?

Maonero:

musika maonero: Zviratidzo zvemitengo yekugara-kune hushamwari hwemamiriro ekunze…
innovation maonero: magariro-tekinoroji kuvandudzwa kwekugadzira uye mashandisiro masisitimu…
Deployment Perspective: Kuendesa masisitimu anofambisa kukwana uye kusimba maitiro uye nzira dzehupenyu…
nzanga-maonero echisikigo: hukama pakati pemunhu nemasikirwo, kuunganidza mari, kusaenzana kwemagariro ...

Hongu, muchikamu chekutanga nzira dzakasiyana uye dzidziso dzinotsanangurwa. Kubva pakuona kwesocial science, zviri pachena kuti dzidziso dzakasiyana hadziuye pamhedziso imwechete. Panyaya iyi, dzidziso dzakasiyana dzinogona kukamurwa kuita mapoka akasiyana. Isu mushumo tinokurudzira mapoka mana, nzira ina dzakasiyana. Imwe nzira iyo yakawanda mukukakavadzana kwevanhu ndeyekutarisa pamitengo yemitengo uye pamagadzirirwo emusika. Chechipiri, iyo iri kugamuchira kuwedzera kutarisa asi isiri iyo yakakurumbira, ndiyo nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzekugovera uye nzira dzekuendesa: ndiani anopa zvivakoti, anopa hurongwa hwepamutemo, anopa kugoverwa kwemabasa uye zvinhu. Maonero echitatu atakaona mumabhuku ndeyekutarisa kwezvitsva muhutano hwakanyanya, kureva, kune rumwe rutivi, hongu, hunyanzvi hwezvinhu zvitsva, asiwo nzira dzose dzemagariro dzinofamba nayo. Semuenzaniso, nekugadzwa kwemotokari dzemagetsi kana e-scooters, kwete chete tekinoroji iyo yakavakirwa shanduko, asiwo mamiriro emagariro. Chikamu chechina, ndiyo nzanga-maonero echisikigo, ndiyo nharo yekuti iwe unofanirwa kuterera kune makuru ehupfumi uye geopolitical uye magariro enguva refu maitiro. Zvino zvinobva zvava pachena kuti nei mutemo wemamiriro ekunze usingabudiriri sezvaungatarisira mune zvakawanda. Semuenzaniso, zvipingaidzo zvekukura, asiwo geopolitical mamiriro, democratic-political issues. Mune mamwe mazwi, kuti nzanga inobatana sei nepasi, manzwisisiro atinoita zvisikwa, tingave tichiona zvisikwa sechipo kana kuzviona isu sechikamu chechisikigo. Ndiwo angava maonero emagariro evanhu.

Minda yekuita

Minda yezviito inobva pamaonero mana aya. Kune idzo dzinowanzokurukurwa mumitemo yemamiriro okunze: kufamba, pokugara, zvokudya zvinovaka muviri, uye tevere zvimwe zvakati kuti zvisina kukurukurwa kazhinji kazhinji, zvakadai sebasa rinowanisa kana kuti basa rokutarisira.

Nzvimbo dzekuita:

Dzimba, chikafu, kufamba, basa rinowana, basa rekuchengeta, nguva yekuzorora uye zororo

Chirevo chinobva chaedza kuona zvimiro zvinoratidzira idzi ndima dzechiito. Semuenzaniso, mutemo wepamutemo unosarudza kuti vanhu vane ushamwari hwemamiriro ekunze vanogara sei. Matanho ehutongi, semuenzaniso wemubatanidzwa, ane masimba ekuita sarudzo, ibasa ripi iro EU inaro, inosarudza kuti kuchengetedzwa kwemamiriro ekunze kunotevedzwa sei kana kuti mutemo wekudzivirira mamiriro ekunze unounzwa zviri pamutemo - kana kwete. Zvino inoenderera mberi: maitiro ekugadzirwa kwehupfumi kana hupfumi hwakadaro, kudyidzana kwepasi rose sechimiro chepasirese, misika yemari sechimiro chepasi rose, kusaenzana kwemagariro uye nzvimbo, kupihwa kwerubatsiro rwehurumende masevhisi, uye zvechokwadi kuronga kwenzvimbo zvakare chitsauko chakakosha. Dzidzo, mashandiro anoita hurongwa hwedzidzo, ingave yakanangidzirwawo kune kusimudzira kana kuti kwete, kusvika papi hunyanzvi hunodiwa hunodzidziswa. Ipapo pane mubvunzo wenhau uye zvivakwa, magadzirirwo emedia system uye ndeapi basa rezvivakwa.

Zvimiro zvinotadzisa kana kukurudzira chiitiko-chinoshamwaridzana nemamiriro ekunze mune ese maficha echiito:

Mutemo, hutongi uye kutora chikamu mune zvematongerwo enyika, innovation system uye zvematongerwo enyika, kupihwa kwezvinhu nemasevhisi, cheni dzepasi rose uye kupatsanurwa kwevashandi, hurongwa hwemari neyemari, kusaenzana kwemagariro uye nzvimbo, hutano hwemamiriro ekunze uye shanduko yemamiriro ekunze, kuronga kwenzvimbo, hurukuro dzenhau uye zvimiro, dzidzo nesainzi, network zvivakwa

Nzira dzeShanduro: Tobva sei pano kuenda uko?

Zvose izvi, kubva pamaonero, kuminda yezviito, kune zvivako, zvakabatanidzwa muchitsauko chekupedzisira kugadzira nzira dzekushandura. Ivo vanoronga zvine hungwaru kuti ndedzipi sarudzo dzekugadzira dzine mukana wekusimudzira kuchengetedzwa kwemamiriro ekunze, izvo zvinokurudzirana panogona kunge paine kupokana, uye mhedzisiro huru yechitsauko ichi ndechekuti pane zvakawanda zvinogoneka mukuunza nzira dzakasiyana pamwe uye dzakasiyana dhizaini sarudzo dzemhando dzakasiyana. zvivakwa pamwechete. Izvi zvinopedzisa mushumo wose.

Nzira dzinokwanisika dzekushandura

Nhungamiro yehupfumi hwemusika hunoshamwaridzana nemamiriro ekunze (Mitengo yekubuda uye kushandiswa kwezviwanikwa, kubviswa kwerubatsiro rwekukuvadza mamiriro ekunze, kuvhurika kune tekinoroji)
Kudzivirirwa kwemamiriro ekunze kuburikidza nekuvandudza tekinoroji (hurumende-yakarongeka tekinoroji innovation policy kuti iwedzere kushanda zvakanaka)
Kudzivirirwa kwemamiriro ekunze segadziriro yenyika (State-coordinated matanho ekugonesa kurarama-kunoenderana nemamiriro ekunze, semuenzaniso kuburikidza nekuronga nzvimbo, kuisa mari mukutakura veruzhinji; mitemo yemutemo yekurambidza maitiro ekukuvadza mamiriro ekunze)
Hupenyu hunoenderana nemamiriro ekunze kuburikidza nekuvandudzwa kwevanhu (kudzoreredza magariro, kutenderera kwehupfumi hwedunhu uye kukwana)

Climate policy inoitika padanho rinopfuura rimwechete

Chirevo ichi chine hukama zvakanyanya neAustria neEurope. Mamiriro epasi rose anobatwa zvakafanira sezvo paine kudyidzana.

Ehe, chinhu chakakosha nezveiyi chirevo ndechekuti inoreva Austria. Mukuona kwangu, kumwe kusasimba kweiyi IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change mishumo ndeyokuti nguva dzose vanofanira kutora maonero epasi rose sepokutangira kwavo. Mushure mezvo kunewo ma sub-chapters ematunhu akaenzana akadai seEurope, asi mitemo yakawanda yemamiriro ekunze inoitika kune mamwe mazinga, ingave manispa, dunhu, nyika, federal, EU ... Saka chirevo chinoreva zvakasimba kuAustria. Ndicho zvakare chinangwa chechiitiko ichi, asi Austria inotonzwisiswa sechikamu chehupfumi hwenyika. Ndokusaka paine zvakare chitsauko chekudyidzana kwepasi rose uye chitsauko chine chekuita nemisika yemari yepasi rose.

Inoti zvakare "zvimiro zvehupenyu hune hushamwari hwemamiriro ekunze" uye kwete yehupenyu hunoenderera. Asi dambudziko remamiriro ekunze chikamu chedambudziko rakakura rekusimudzira. Ndiyo nhoroondo here, nekuti ndiyo Austrian Panel paClimate Change, kana pane chimwe chikonzero?

Hongu, ndicho chikonzero chaicho. Chirevo chemamiriro ekunze, saka chinotariswa ndechekurarama kwemamiriro ekunze. Zvisinei, kana ukatarisa mushumo wazvino weIPCC kana tsvakiridzo yemamiriro ekunze, unosvika pamhedziso nekukasika kuti kutarisisa kuburitswa kwegasi regreenhouse hakuzonyatsoshanda. Naizvozvo, padanho rekubika, isu takasarudza kunzwisisa Green Living sezvinotevera: "Kurarama kwemamiriro ekunze-kune hushamwari kunochengetedza zvachose mamiriro ekunze anogonesa hupenyu hwakanaka mukati memiganhu yenyika." Mukunzwisisa uku, kune rumwe rutivi, kune kusimbiswa kune chokwadi chokuti kune maonero akajeka pamusoro pehupenyu hwakanaka, izvo zvinoreva kuti zvinodiwa zvemagariro evanhu zvinofanira kuchengetedzwa, kuti kune urongwa hunokosha, kuti kusaenzana kunoderedzwa. Ichi ndicho chimiro chesocial dimension. Kune rumwe rutivi, kune mubvunzo wemiganhu yepuraneti, haisi kungoderedza kusvibiswa kwegasi, asi kuti dambudziko rezvisikwa zvakasiyana-siyana rinoitawo basa, kana phosphorus uye nitrate cycles, nezvimwewo, uye mupfungwa iyi inoshamwaridzana nemamiriro ekunze. Hupenyu hwakatambanuka zvinonzwisiswa.

Chirevo chezvematongerwo enyika chete?

Mharidzo yacho inoitirwa ani? Ndiani anonyorerwa?

Kune rumwe rutivi, vatauri ndivo avo vose vanoita zvisarudzo zvinoita kuti hupenyu hwemamiriro ekunze huve nyore kana hunooma. Zvechokwadi, izvi hazvina kufanana kune vose. Kune rimwe divi, zvechokwadi zvematongerwo enyika, kunyanya avo vezvematongerwo enyika vane hunyanzvi hwekuita, zviri pachena kuti Ministry of Climate Protection, asiwo iyo Ministry of Labor and Economic Affairs kana Ministry of Social Affairs uye Health, zvakare Bazi reDzidzo. Saka zvitsauko zvetekinoroji zvinoenderana nehushumiri hwakasiyana. Asi zvakare padanho rehurumende, vese avo vane hunyanzvi, zvakare munharaunda, uye zvechokwadi makambani anosarudzawo muzvinhu zvakawanda kana kurarama-kune hushamwari hwemamiriro ekunze kunogoneka kana kuomeswa zvakanyanya. Muenzaniso uri pachena ndewekuti iwo anoenderana ekuchaja zvivakwa aripo. Mienzaniso isinganyanyi kukurukurwa ndeyekuti nguva dzekushanda dzinoita kuti zvikwanisike kurarama nemamiriro ekunze zvachose. Kana ndichigona kushanda nenzira yokuti ndinogona kufamba-famba nenzira ine ushamwari hwemamiriro okunze munguva yangu yakasununguka kana kuti pazororo, kana mushandirwi achibvumira kana kuti achibvumira kushanda ndiri pamba, ikodzero dzipi dzakabatana nadzo. Aya ndiwo zvakare maaddresse ...

Kuratidzira, kuramba uye gakava reruzhinji ndizvo zviri pakati

...uye zvechokwadi gakava reruzhinji. Nekuti zviri pachena kubva mushumo uyu kuti kuratidzira, kuramba, gakava reveruzhinji uye kutariswa nevezvenhau kuchave kiyi yekuwana hupenyu hunoenderana nemamiriro ekunze. Uye mushumo unoedza kubatsira kune gakava reruzhinji rine ruzivo. Nechinangwa chekuti gakava rinobva pamamiriro ezvinhu ekutsvaga, kuti inoongorora mamiriro ekutanga zvine mwero uye inoedza kutaurirana sarudzo dzekugadzira nekudzishandisa nenzira yakarongeka.

Uye iyo report yava kuverengwa here muhushumiri?

Handikwanisi kutonga izvozvo nokuti handizivi zviri kuverengwa muhushumiri. Tiri kuonana nevatambi vakasiyana-siyana, uye dzimwe nguva takatonzwa kuti pfupiso yacho yatoverengwa nevatauri. Ndinoziva kuti pfupiso yacho yakadhindwa kakawanda, tinoramba tichiwana mibvunzo pamusoro pemisoro yakasiyana-siyana, asi chokwadi tinoda kutariswa nevezvenhau. Paiva ne musangano wenhau naVaKocher naMai Gewessler. Izvi zvakatambirwawo nevezvenhau. Kune nguva dzose zvinyorwa zvepepanhau pamusoro pazvo, asi zvechokwadi pachine nzvimbo yekuvandudza kubva pamaonero edu. Kunyanya, chirevo chinogona kuwanzo taurwa kumushumo kana dzimwe nharo dzaunzwa dzisingagoneke kubva pamaonero emamiriro ekunze.

Sangano rose resainzi raibatanidzwa

Zvakanga zvaita sei chaizvo? Vatsvagiri makumi masere vakabatanidzwa, asi havasati vatanga tsvakiridzo nyowani. Vakaitei?

Ehe, chirevo hachizi chepakutanga purojekiti yesainzi, asi pfupiso yezvese tsvakiridzo yakakodzera muAustria. Iyo purojekiti inotsigirwa nemari ne weather fund, uyo akatangawo iyi APCC fomati makore gumi apfuura. Zvino panotanga nzira iyo vatsvakurudzi vanobvumirana kutora mabasa akasiyana. Ipapo mari yekubatanidza yakakumbirwa, uye muzhizha ra10 maitiro ekongiri akatanga.

Sezvakaita IPCC, iyi inzira yakarongeka. Chekutanga, kune nhanho nhatu dzevanyori: kune vanyori vakuru, imwe nhanho pazasi pevanyori vanotungamira, uye imwe nhanho pazasi pevanyori vanopa. Vanyori vanoronga ndivo vane basa guru rechikamu uye vanotanga kunyora gwaro rekutanga. Chinyorwa ichi chinobva chatsinhirwa nevamwe vanyori vese. Vanyori vakuru vanofanira kupindura kune zvakataurwa. Maonero acho akabatanidzwa. Ipapo imwe dhizaini inonyorwa uye nharaunda yese yesainzi inokokwa kuti itaure zvakare. Mashoko acho anopindurwa uye akabatanidzwa zvakare, uye munhanho inotevera nzira imwechete inodzokororwa. Uye pakupedzisira, vatambi vekunze vanounzwa uye vanokumbirwa kuti vataure kana zvese zvataurwa zvakagadziriswa zvakakwana. Ava ndivo vamwe vaongorori.

Izvi zvinoreva kuti havasi vanyori makumi masere chete vakabatanidzwa?

Kwete, pakanga pachine 180 vaongorori. Asi ndiwo maitiro esainzi. Mapoka ese anoshandiswa mumushumo anofanira kunge ari mumabhuku. Vatsvakurudzi havagoni kunyora maonero avo, kana zvavanofunga kuti ndezvechokwadi, asi chaizvoizvo vanogona kungoita nharo dzinogona kuwanikwawo muzvinyorwa, uye vanozofanira kuongorora nharo idzi zvichienderana nezvinyorwa. Iwe unofanirwa kuti: Iyi nharo inogoverwa nemabhuku ose uye kune mabhuku akawanda pamusoro payo, saka izvo zvinotorwa zvishoma. Kana kuti vanoti: Pane chinyorwa chimwe chete pane izvi, humbowo husina kusimba, kune maonero anopokana, saka ivo vanofanirwa kutaura izvozvo zvakare. Panyaya iyi, ipfupiso yekuongorora mamiriro etsvagiridzo maererano nemhando yesainzi yechirevo chakasiyana.

Zvose zviri mumushumo zvinobva patsime rezvinyorwa, uye mune izvi zvirevo zvinofanira kugara zvichiverengwa nekunzwisiswa maererano nezvinyorwa. Takazoitawo sure kuti mu Pfupiso yevanoita sarudzo mutsara wega wega unozvimiririra uye zvinogara zviri pachena kuti mutsara uyu unoreva chitsauko chipi, uye muchitsauko chakakodzera zvinokwanisika kutsvaga zvinyorwa zvinorehwa nemutsara uyu.

Vatori vechikamu kubva munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzenzanga vakabatanidzwa

Kusvika parizvino ndangotaura nezvemaitiro esainzi. Paive neanoperekedza, akazara kwazvo evatori vechikamu maitiro, uye sechikamu cheizvi paivewo newekishopu yepamhepo uye mashopu maviri emuviri, imwe neimwe iine 50 kune zana vanobatanidzwa.

vaiva vanaani Vakabvepi?

Kubva kumabhizinesi nezvematongerwo enyika, kubva kumusangano wekutonga kwemamiriro ekunze, kubva kuhutungamiriri, makambani, masangano everuzhinji - kubva kune vakasiyana siyana vanoita. Saka zvakafara sezvinobvira uye nguva dzose zvine hukama nenzvimbo dzakasiana dzezvidzidzo.

Vanhu ava, avo vaive vasiri masayendisiti, vaifanira kushanda nenzira yavo mazviri izvozvi?

Paiva nenzira dzakasiyana. Imwe yaive yekuti iwe wakataura pamusoro pezvitsauko zvakateerana online. Vaifanira kushanda nazvo. Imwe yacho yaive yekuti takaronga maworkshops kuti tinzwisise zviri nani pane zvinodiwa nevanoda, kureva kuti ndeupi ruzivo runobatsira kwavari, uye nerumwe rutivi kuti vachiri nezviratidzo here kuti ndeapi manyuko atinofanira kuramba tichifunga. Migumisiro yehurongwa hwevatori vechikamu yakaunzwa mune imwe yakasiyana report yevatori vechikamu veröffentlicht.

Basa rakawanda rokuzvidira risingabhadharwi rakapinda mumushumo

Saka zvese mune zvese zvakanyanya kuoma maitiro.

Ichi hachisi chinhu chaunongonyora pasi muchidimbu. Iyi pfupiso yevasarudzo: takashanda pairi kwemwedzi mishanu ... Huwandu hwemashoko akanaka 1000 kusvika ku1500 akabatanidzwa, uye vanyori makumi matatu vakanyatsoiverenga kakawanda uye vakavhota pane zvese. Uye maitiro aya haaitike muvacuum, asi chaizvo zvakaitika zvisina kubhadharwa, zvinofanirwa kutaurwa. Kubhadharwa kwechirongwa ichi kwaive kwekubatanidza, saka ndakapihwa mari. Vanyori vakagamuchira kubvuma kudiki kusingamboratidzi kuedza kwavo. Vaongorori havana kuwana mari, kana neavo vane chekuita navo.

Nheyo yesainzi yekuratidzira

Bato rezvematongerwo enyika rinogona sei kushandisa chirevo ichi?

Ndinofunga chirevo chinogona kushandiswa nenzira dzakawanda dzakasiyana. Chero zvazvingava, inofanira kuunzwa zvakasimba mukukakavadzana kwevanhu, uye vezvematongerwo enyika vanofanirawo kuziviswa izvo zvinogoneka uye zvinodiwa. Pane zvakawanda zvekugadzira sarudzo. Chimwe chinhu chakakosha apa ndechekuti gwaro rinonyatsoratidza kuti kana pasina kuzvipira kukuru kubva kune vese vanoita, zvinangwa zvemamiriro ekunze zvinongopotsa. Aya ndiwo mamiriro azvino ekutsvagisa, pane kubvumirana mumushumo, uye meseji iyi inofanirwa kubuda kune veruzhinji. Bato rekutonga kwemamiriro ekunze rinowana nharo dzakawanda dzekuti kurarama-kunoenderana nemamiriro ekunze kunogona kutariswa sei mumamiriro emari uye kusaenzana kwehupfumi. Uyewo kukosha kwechidimbu chepasi rose. Pane nharo dzakawanda dzinogona kurodza mipiro yemusangano wezvemamiriro ekunze uye kuzviisa pahwaro hwesainzi huri nani.

Kune zvakare meseji mumushumo inoti: "Kuburikidza nekushoropodza uye kuratidzira, veruzhinji dzimwe nguva vakaunza mutemo wemamiriro ekunze pakati pemakakatanwa eruzhinji pasi rese kutanga muna 2019", saka zviri pachena kuti izvi zvakakosha. "Chiito chakarongeka chekufamba kwevanhu senge e.g. B. Fridays for Future, izvo zvakaita kuti kuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze kukurukurwa sedambudziko renzanga. Iyi budiriro yakavhura nzvimbo nyowani yekufambisa maererano nemamiriro ekunze. Zvisinei, masangano ezvemhoteredzo anogona chete kukudziridza kugona kwawo kana achitsigirwa nevezvematongerwo enyika vane simba mukati nekunze kwehurumende.” Ndiyo nyaya inotevera: Bato iri rinowedzera kumanikidza uye rinogona kuunza shanduko, asi rinodawo vatambi vari mumusangano. munzvimbo dzakateerana dzekuita sarudzo, izvo zvinozogona kuita shanduko.

Ikozvino kufamba kwave zvakare kushandura aya magadzirirwo ekuita sarudzo, chiyero chesimba. Semuenzaniso, kana iwe ukati: zvakanaka, kanzuru yemamiriro ekunze yevagari vese zvakanaka uye yakanaka, asi inodawo hunyanzvi, inodawo masimba ekuita sarudzo. Chinhu chakadaro chingave shanduko huru kwazvo muzvimiro zvedu zvegutsaruzhinji.

Hongu, gwaro iri harina zvarinotaura nezvekanzuru yemamiriro ekunze nekuti yakaitika panguva imwe chete, saka hapana mabhuku angatorwa. In uye pachayo ndingabvumirana newe ipapo, asi kwete zvichibva pamabhuku, asi kubva kumashure kwangu.

Wadiwa Ernest, ndinokutendai zvikuru nebvunzurudzo!

Chirevo ichi chichaburitswa sebhuku rakavhurika rekuwana naSpringer Spektrum kutanga kwa2023. Kusvika ipapo, zvitsauko zvakateerana zviri pa CCCA peji remba inowanikwa.