Robert B Fishman
"Dokar Kiwon Lafiyar Dabbobi" (AHL) tana aiki a cikin EU tun ƙarshen Afrilu 2021. A cikin wannan Dokar 2016/429, EU ta taƙaita ƙa'idodi da yawa kan lafiyar dabbobi tare da tsaurara wasu tanade -tanade kan rigakafin cutar. Sha'awar ƙungiyoyin kiyaye muhalli da yanayi ta iyakance.
"Dokar Kiwon Lafiyar Dabbobi (AHL) kawai tana ba da damar yin kasuwancin da ba a iya faɗi a cikin dabbobi da dabbobin gida, dabbobi masu rarrafe da dabbobin ruwa," in ji masanin kimiyyar aikin gona Edmund Haferbeck, alal misali. Shi ne ke jagorantar kungiyar jin dadin dabbobi PETA sashen shari'a da kimiyya. Duk da haka, kamar sauran masu fafutukar kare haƙƙin dabbobi, yana fatan ƙarin ƙuntatawa kan cinikin dabbobi masu rai, musamman kwiyakwiyi. Don mafi kyau jindadin dabba.
Masu shayarwa da dillalai suna ba da kwiyakwiyi masu arha akan eBay da gidajen yanar gizon su. Yawancin waɗannan dabbobi ba su da lafiya ko kuma suna da larurar ɗabi'a. "Karnukan da aka shigo da su cikin kasar ba bisa ka'ida ba daga 'masana'antun kare', galibi a Gabashin Turai, ana siyar dasu anan ga masu sha'awar shuɗi kamar yadda ake tsammanin 'ciniki', Farashin DTB. Koyaya, dabbobin suna yawan rashin lafiya, alluran rigakafin da ake buƙata sun ɓace kuma ba a zamantakewa da kwikwiyo saboda rabuwa da wuri da mahaifiyarsu.
DTB na fatan samun ci gaba bisa ga Labarai na 108 da 109 na Dokar Kiwon Lafiyar Dabbobi. Suna ba Hukumar EU damar shimfida ƙa'idodi don rijista da tantance dabbobin gida.
Reshen Austrian na ƙungiyar jin daɗin dabbobi "4fasu"Ya yaba da tsarin, amma yana kira ga" ganowa da EU da rajista na dabbobi a cikin bayanan bayanai masu alaƙa ". Ya zuwa yanzu akwai irin wannan rijistar dabbobin lantarki na tilas a Ireland. Masu mallakar dabbobi a duk faɗin Turai na iya neman cat ko kare da suka ɓace ta hanyar shigar da lambar ID na dabbar su a europetnet.com. Don yin wannan, dabbar tana buƙatar microchip mai dacewa daidai gwargwado kamar ƙwayar shinkafa.
PeTA yana sanya juzu'i tare da dabbobin gida a Jamus kadai akan Euro biliyan biyar a shekara. Inda "ake cinikin dabbobi kuma ba a kiyaye su da kyau", ma'aikacin PeTA Edmund Haferbeck koyaushe yana ganin haɗarin mutane su kamu da cututtukan da ake iya yadawa. Ya kawo misali da cinikin dabbobi masu rarrafe a matsayin misali. Kowane kamuwa da Salmonella na uku a cikin ƙananan yara ana iya gano shi da kula da dabbobi masu ban mamaki, PeTA ya ambaci binciken da Cibiyar Robert Koch (RKI) ta yi. Kuma: "Kimanin kashi 70 cikin ɗari na dabbobin da ke da hankali suna mutuwa saboda damuwa, rashin wadataccen kayan masarufi ko raunin da ya shafi sufuri kafin ma a sa su a kasuwa."
Kuma kun daɗe kuna tunani da kanku: A zahiri, dabbobi suna watsa cututtuka masu yawa ga mutane. Misalin kwanan nan na irin wannan zoonoses shine, ban da HIV (ƙwayoyin cutar kanjamau) da Ebola, ƙwayoyin Sars-COV2, waɗanda ke haifar da Covid-19 (Corona).
Dawowar annoba
A saboda wannan dalili kadai, Dokar Kiwon Lafiyar Dabbobi ta mai da hankali kan sarrafa cuta. Yayin da sabbin ka'idojin dabbobi ba za su yi aiki ba har zuwa 2026, ƙa'idar EU ta riga ta tsaurara tanadin "dabbobin gona" a cikin aikin gona. Likitocin dabbobi dole ne su bincika gonakin sau da yawa kuma mafi tsananin tsananin fiye da da.
Jerin cututtukan da ba a iya ganewa yanzu sun haɗa da ƙwayoyin cuta masu jurewa, waɗanda yawancin maganin rigakafi ba su da tasiri. A cikin 2018, Ƙungiyar Hadin gwiwar Tattalin Arziki da Ci Gaban (OECD) ta yi gargaɗi game da sakamakon yaduwar ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta masu hana ƙwayoyin cuta: Idan sun bazu kamar da, za su kashe mutane miliyan 2050 a Turai, Arewacin Amurka da Ostiraliya kaɗai nan da 2,4. Babu maganin rigakafi. Yawancin waɗannan ƙwayoyin cuta suna tasowa a cikin gonaki na masana'anta inda aladu, shanu, kaji ko turkey suka cunkushe tare. Sau da yawa ana bayar da hannun jarin magungunan kashe ƙwari a nan idan dabba ɗaya tak ta yi rashin lafiya. Magungunan suna isa ga mutane ta hanyar najasa da nama.
Duk da Dokar Kiwon Lafiyar dabbobi - Ana ci gaba da jigilar dabbobi.
A cikin hunturu da ya gabata, jiragen ruwa biyu na Spain dauke da shanu sama da 2.500 sun yi ta yawo a tekun Bahar Rum na tsawon makonni. Babu tashar jiragen ruwa da ke son jiragen su shiga. Masana sun yi zargin cewa dabbobin sun kamu da bluetongue. Kungiyoyin muhalli irin su Ƙungiyar Kula da Kula da Dabbobi ta Jamus sun rubuta waɗannan da wasu da yawa daga cikin dabbobin da ke safara a kan dogon zango a gidajen yanar gizon su. Masu fafutuka daga Gidauniyar Kula da Dabbobi (Gidauniyar Kula da Dabbobi) a Freiburg, a kudancin Jamus, da kansu suna rakiyar safarar dabbobi domin su rubuta wahalar shanu, tumaki da sauran “dabbobin gona” a kan jiragen ruwa da manyan motoci. Rahotannin suna lalata abincin har ma da manyan masu cin nama.
Misali: Maris 25, 2021. Tsawon watanni uku na azabtarwa akwai kusan bijimai 1.800 a cikin jirgin jigilar dabbobi Elbeik. Kusan dabbobi 200 ba su tsira daga safarar ba. Saboda ba za a iya ɗaukar bijimin da suka tsira 1.600 ba bisa ga rahoton jarrabawar dabbobi, yakamata a kashe su duka. Ya zuwa yau, masu aikin likitan dabbobi na Spain suna ta ƙoƙarin kawar da samarin da suka tsira. Dabbobi 300 a kowace rana. Ana sauke shi don a kashe shi sannan a zubar da shi a cikin kwantena kamar shara.
Awanni 29 kai tsaye akan babbar mota
Dokar sufurin dabbobi ta Turai ta fara aiki tun 2007 kuma an yi niyyar hana irin wannan cin zarafin. An hana jigilar dabbobi zuwa ƙasashen da ba EU ba lokacin da zafin jiki ya fi digiri 30 a inuwa. Za a iya jigilar dabbobin matasa har zuwa awanni 18, aladu da dawakai har zuwa 24 da shanu har zuwa awanni 29, muddin an sauke su don hutun sa'o'i 24. A cikin Tarayyar Turai (EU), likitocin dabbobi dole ne su duba lafiyar dabbobin don jigilar kaya.
"Yawancin kamfanonin sufuri ba sa bin ƙa'idodin," in ji Frigga Wirths. Likitan dabbobi da masanin kimiyyar aikin gona ya yi magana kan batun ƙungiyar jin dadin dabbobi ta Jamus. Wani bincike da aka yi a kan iyakar Bulgaria da Turkiyya ya nuna cewa tsakanin lokacin bazara na 2017 zuwa lokacin bazara na shekarar 2018, 210 cikin 184 na safarar dabbobi sun faru a yanayin zafi sama da digiri 30.
Dokar EU a 2005 sulhu ce. Yana shimfida ƙa'idodin ne kawai waɗanda ƙasashen EU za su iya amincewa da su. Tun daga wannan lokacin, sake tattaunawa akai akai akai. Kwamitin binciken Hukumar Tarayyar Turai a halin yanzu yana mu'amala da ita, amma tsawon shekaru 15 ba ta motsa ba.
Calves cewa babu wanda yake so
Matsalolin sun yi zurfi: EU na ɗaya daga cikin manyan masu samar da madara a duniya. Domin manyan shanu na zamani su ba da madara gwargwadon iko, dole ne su haifi ɗan maraƙi kusan kowace shekara. Kusan kashi ɗaya bisa uku na shanun da aka haifa a Turai ne ke raye don daga baya su maye gurbin uwayensu a ɗakin shan madara. Galibin sauran ana yanka su ko fitar da su. Saboda Turai na samar da nama da yawa, farashin yana faduwa. Dangane da Gidauniyar Kula da Dabbobi, maraƙi yana kawo tsakanin Yuro takwas zuwa 150, gwargwadon nau'in sa, jinsi da ƙasa. Kuna kawar da dabbobi a cikin ƙasashe masu nisa.
Dangane da Dokar Kula da Sufuri ta Dabbobin Tarayyar Turai, ana iya safarar calan maraƙi na sa'o'i takwas a lokaci guda na kwanaki goma, duk da cewa har yanzu suna buƙatar madarar uwarsu don samun abinci mai gina jiki. Tabbas, ba za ku same su a hanya ba.
Jirgin ruwa zuwa Asiya ta Tsakiya
Jirgin jigilar dabbobi yana zuwa Arewacin Afirka, Gabas ta Tsakiya har zuwa tsakiyar Asiya. Manyan motoci suna tuka shanu ta cikin Rasha zuwa Kazakhstan ko Uzbekistan. Dangane da dokar Turai, masu jigilar kaya dole ne su sauke da kula da dabbobin a hanya. Amma tashoshin da aka tanada don wannan galibi suna kan takarda kawai. Jami'in kula da lafiyar dabbobi na Hessian Madeleine Martin ya ziyarci zargin zazzagewa da wuraren samar da kayayyaki a Rasha a lokacin bazarar shekarar 2019. Takardun sufuri suna nuna ɗaya a ƙauyen Medyn. "Akwai ginin ofis a can," in ji Martin akan Deutschlandfunk. "Tabbas ba a taɓa sauke wata dabba a wurin ba." Ta samu irin wannan gogewa a wasu tashoshin samar da kayayyaki. Dangane da rahoton Deutschlandfunk, ƙungiyar aiki ta gwamnatin tarayya ta Jamus, wacce yakamata ta kula da safarar dabbobi, "ba ta sadu ba tun 2009". Rahoton Madelaine Martin kan halin da ake ciki a Rasha "ya zuwa yanzu an yi watsi da shi".
A cikin EU kuma, dabbobi ba sa yin abin da ya fi kyau a kan sufuri. "Motocin da ke cike da dabbobi masu rai suna tsayawa na kwanaki a kan iyakoki da tashar jiragen ruwa," in ji Frigga Wirths daga ƙungiyar jin daɗin dabbobi. Yawancin masu jigilar kayayyaki sun yi amfani da direbobi masu arha, na Gabashin Turai kuma sun cika manyan motocin su gwargwadon iko. Don rage nauyin kaya, suna ɗaukar ruwa kaɗan da abinci tare da su. Babu wuya kowane sarrafawa.
Duk da Dokar Kiwon Lafiyar dabbobi: sa'o'i 90 zuwa Maroko
A farkon watan Mayu, kafofin watsa labarai da yawa sun ba da rahoto game da safarar dabbobi sama da kilomita 3.000 daga Jamus zuwa Maroko. Tafiyar ta wuce sama da awanni 90. Dalilin safarar shine wai ana bukatar bijimai a can don kafa tashar kiwo.
Ƙungiyar jin daɗin dabbobi ba ta yi imani cewa Maroko na son kafa masana'antar kiwo ba. Jami'in kula da jin dadin dabbobi na Hesse Madeleine Martin kuma ya yi tambaya me ya sa mutane ba sa fitar da nama ko maniyyin sa a maimakon dabbobi masu rai. Amsar ku: "Ana fitar da kayan ne saboda aikin namu dole ne ya kawar da dabbobi, saboda mun sami manufofin aikin gona na kasuwar duniya - siyasa ke jagoranta - shekaru da yawa." Likitan dabbobi Frigga Wirths ya yarda. Bugu da ƙari, a zahiri yana da arha don ɗaukar dabbobin da ke rayuwa zuwa Arewacin Afirka ko Asiya ta Tsakiya fiye da safarar nama mai daskarewa a nesa mai nisa.
Ministan ya yi kira da a haramta
Ministar Noma ta Lower Saxony Barbara Otte-Kinast ta yi ƙoƙarin wannan bazara don hana ɗaukar shanu 270 masu juna biyu zuwa Maroko. Dalilinsu: Ba za a iya cika ƙa'idodin jindadin dabbobi na Jamus ba a cikin zafin Arewacin Afirka da yanayin fasaha a can. Amma Kotun Gudanarwa ta Oldenburg ta dage haramcin. Ministan “ya yi nadama” da wannan shawarar kuma, kamar Tierschutzbund da Welfare na Dabbobi, ya yi kira da “haramcin safarar dabbobi zuwa kasashe na uku inda ba a tabbatar da bin jindadin dabbobi - da sauri mafi kyau!”
A zahiri, ra'ayi na doka a madadin jihar North Rhine-Westphalia ya zo ga ƙarshe cewa majalisar dokokin Jamus na iya hana jigilar dabbobi zuwa jihohin da ba EU ba idan ba a bi ƙa'idodin Dokar Kula da Dabbobi ta Jamus a can ba.
Magani: al'umma mai cin ganyayyaki
Dangane da rikice -rikicen yanayi, ba ƙungiyar jin daɗin dabbobi ba ce kawai ke ganin mafita mafi sauƙi: "Za mu zama al'umma mai cin ganyayyaki." Bayan haka, kusan kashi biyar zuwa huɗu na iskar gas na duniya suna fitowa daga aikin gona. , kuma babban ɓangaren wannan yana fitowa daga kiwon dabbobi. Manoma suna noma abincin dabbobi sama da kashi 70 cikin dari na filayen noma na duniya.
Photo / Video: Shutterstock.
