UJakob Horvat
Uma sekumnyama, singahamba. Esizimisele ukukwenza kungadonsela ukunaka okwengeziwe ekukhanyeni kwemini futhi kuphazamise abanye. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izitolo ezinkulu kufanele zivalwe lapho sithungatha amathini abo kadoti ukuthola ukudla. KuMartin Trümmel, i- "dumpster diving" manje isisusa indawo yezitolo zakhe zokudla ezitolo. Hhayi ngoba wayengeke akwazi ukukukhokhela ngenye indlela. Kepha ngoba ukusetshenziswa, inala nokuchitha kumane sekuyindaba yeningi lomphakathi. UMartin uyachaza: "Lapho ngilahla i-dumpster, angishiyi mkhondo. Lokho engikuthatha lapho sekuvele kumakethe. Ngakho-ke angenzi noma yini futhi futhi lokho kubaluleke kakhulu kimi. Ukhiqizelwa okuthe xaxa emphakathini wethu kuyinto eyethusayo. "
I-Dumpster njengokuzingela kwengcebo
Umfowabo uThomas ujoyina nathi etafuleni. Ngaye, uMartin weza ku-dumpster. Ngisho noThomas, lolu hambo olujwayelekile oluya emagumbini abahlinzeki bendawo luyisitatimende sezepolitiki ngokumelene nokulahlwa kokudla. "Kufana nokuzingela umcebo. Izolo kuphela ngithathe ukudla ekhaya okubize cishe i-150 Euro, iningi layo belingakaphelelwa ngisho nesikhathi, ”kusho uThomas. "Lapho uhhafu wethoni ugcwele ukudla okuhle, ngiyajabula ngakho. Kodwa kuyadabukisa impela. "
Inani lesithathu lalabo bantu abafuna ukwenza le ndatshana inguMartin Løken, 28, isiNorway. Ngihlangane naye eminyakeni emine edlule ohambweni lokuya eBangkok - ngicabanga ukuthi indlela yakhe yokuphila iyamangalisa ngakho-ke kufanele ukusho.
Ama-dumpsters, noma iziqukathi nezindawo zokulahla udoti, kubhekiswa ekuqoqweni kokudla okulahliwe.
E-Austria ngonyaka umuntu ngamunye ohla olungamakhilogremu amabili aphonswa kude, empeleni okungahle kube kuhleliwe. Vele, lokhu kungamanani aphakathi kwabo bonke abahlali, kungakhathalekile noma bahehe kangakanani ngokudla, kepha kuyinani elethusayo.
Akuyona imikhiqizo "edlula ngaphezulu" nje, okusho ukuthi iphelelwe isikhathi sokuthengisa, okugcina kudoti ovela ezindlini ezizimele. Ngokwezinga elikhulu kakhulu, inani lokudla elisuka ezitolo ezinkulu liqonde ngqo kudoti esikhundleni somthengi.
Lokho ekuqaleni okuzwakala njengomqondo olula - ukuthatha okulahliwe noma kunjalo, ukuchitha okuncane, ukunciphisa imfucuza, ukwazisa ukudla - ngokomthetho kuyindaba ephikisanayo nenempikiswano. Ukulahla udoti akusho ukuthi umuntu oswele angaziphatha ngokuzenzakalela ngokufana nangengxabano azoyilahla. Futhi ngenxa yezizathu ezingemthetho, ngoba amalungelo nezibopho zabakhiqizi bemfucuza nokulahlwa komhlaba kulawulwa ngokusobala eJalimane, ngokwesibonelo. E-Austria, umthetho wamacala okungenani kulokhu, yize kubanzi futhi “ukubondelana” kukadoti kungavunyelwe kunhlobo ngayinye.
Imininingwane engaphezulu ku www.dumpstern.de
Ubuncane: ubunikazi buthatha isikhathi
"Yonke impahla yethu idinga isikhathi sethu. Futhi isikhathi sethu, ngombono wami, siyigugu kunazo zonke esinazo. "
UMartin Løken, 28
UMartin Løken uyazi nokuthi ukukhipha kanjani ukudla kudoti - Ngangihamba naye phambilini. Indlela yakhe ayithandayo yokuhamba "ukushaya izikebhe", ukushaya izikebhe - futhi ngoba sekwenze kaningi, unabangani kulo lonke elaseYurophu abamnikeza umbhede lapho efika. Muva nje, uMartin Løken uthengise noma wathengisa cishe ngakho konke ayenakho. Imoto yakhe, ifulethi lakhe, ukudla okulula kwansuku zonke. Akukaze nakanye azizwe ekhululekile njengamanje: “Yonke impahla yethu idinga isikhathi sethu. Futhi isikhathi sethu, ngombono wami, siyigugu kunazo zonke esinazo. Ngasikhathi sinye, ubunikazi bomphakathi wethu osentshonalanga busabalalisa imvelo yomhlaba, ezethu izindlela zokuziphilisa - futhi baphuca umhlaba izinsiza ezizukulwaneni ezizayo. "
I-Minimalism: ukulahlwa njengento yokunethezeka
"Ukulahlwa kabusha umsebenzi sekuyinto enhle kimi - futhi lokho kungenza ngijabule."
UMartin Trümmel, 28
Ukulahlwa kabusha esikhundleni semfucuza, i-minimalism esikhundleni sobuningi - indlela yokuphila ethandwa kakhulu, ikakhulukazi phakathi kwabantu abasha. UMartin Trümmel uneminyaka engu-28, njengomqondisi ophethe emsebenzini womphakathi ofanelwe kahle, angakwazi ukukhokha kakhulu. Kepha akusenzi futhi: “Ekuqaleni bengin uhlu. Konke engangifuna ukukuthenga ngabhala kukho. Uma ngisafuna ngemuva kwenyanga, ngiyithengile. Yile ndlela engabona ngayo ukuthi ngisebenzisa imali engakanani ezintweni izinto engingazidingi empeleni. Ukulahla kabusha umsebenzi sekuyinto yokunethezeka kimi - futhi lokho kungenza ngijabule. ”Kuyiqiniso, lokhu akusho ukulahlwa ngokuphelele. “Ezinye izicelo zami ziye zehla kakhulu, ezinye zanda kakhulu. Ngithanda nokusebenzisa imali kulokhu - ukwenza isibonelo nge-skis entsha. Noma ngohambo. Ngichitha imali encane ezintweni engingazinakekeli nokuningi kulokho okubalulekile kimi. "
I-Minimalism: ilula futhi ivumelana nezimo
Ucwaningo lwezezomnotho lubiza abantu abanjengoMartin Trümmel noMartin Løken ngokuthi "abantu abazenzela ngokuzithandela" abanciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwabo ngentshiseko nangokuzithandela. UTill Mengai waseVienna University of Economics and Business ubhekana nokusetshenziswa okuqhubekayo nokucwaninga kwabathengi futhi ubheka kakhulu ukuthambekela okuya e-minimalism e-Austria: "Imoto enkulu newashi elibizayo njengophawu lokuhlonishwa nesikhundla selingabalulekanga kangako. Okuhlangenwe nakho okwenzayo kubaluleke kakhulu kunokuthola izinto ozisebenzisayo ukuze ube nakho. Noma kunjalo, ubunikazi budlale indima echazayo ubunikazi futhi ngenxa yalokho unomsebenzi obalulekile. Kepha kumayelana nokuthi sizichaza kanjani ukuthi singobani. Futhi-ke ukulahlwa kabusha nakho kungaba ukwakheka kobunikazi. "Ubuncane njengefilosofi yempilo buhlanganisa umbono ophathelene nemibono: ukusuka kulabo bantu abangavamisile ukusetshenziswa kwabo kuze kube yilabo abenqaba ngenxa kanembeza. Into eyodwa ijwayelekile kubo bobabili: ukuphathwa ngokweqile bazizwa bengumthwalo. Ama-minimalists afuna impilo elula, engaphatheki futhi enhle enokuguquguquka okuningi.
I-Minimalism: Umhlaba oyinkimbinkimbi ulawuleka kakhudlwana
Umcwaningi wezomnotho nengcebo uThomas Druyen waseSigmund Freud University Vienna ukhulume ephephandabeni laseJalimane i-Die Zeit ukuthi ubheka "ubuciko obuphansi bokuphikisana nobuningi obujwayelekile emphakathini wethu." Futhi inhlupheko kwezomnotho ibilokhu iqwashisa iminyaka eyisikhombisa. Ukuphishekela njalo inzuzo ethe xaxa nokuthi kangakanani kanti ukuchuma kwesikhashana kungaba. Isazi sekusasa uChristiane Varga we-Vienna Zukunftsinstitut ubona ku-minimalism ngaphezu kwakho konke isifiso sokwehliswa kobunzima bempilo yansuku zonke: "Zonke izinsuku sibhekana nobuningi bezinto ezinokwenzeka, phakathi okufanele sinqume. Impilo seyinkimbinkimbi. Kwabaningi lokhu kakhulu, isinqumo esijwayelekile sokusetshenziswa okuncane senza impilo yansuku zonke iphinde iphathwe futhi. "
I-Minimalism: ukwabelana esikhundleni sokuba ngumnikazi
Okwamanje, uTill Mengai ubuye afunde ngokuthandwa okuningana okunikezwayo kulokho okubizwa ngokuthi "umnotho owabiwe" - njengokuhlanganyela izimoto noma abathengisi beholide ekhaya njenge-AirBnB. Futhi ngokuya "ukusetshenziswa ngokubambisana", izinto zansuku zonke zizokhula ngokushintshana nokwabelana esikhundleni sokuba ngumnikazi: "Njalo manje wonke umuntu udinga i-screwdriver engenazintambo. Kepha abaningi bazibuza umbuzo wokuthi kungani kufanele ube nento ethile oyidingayo amahora ambalwa kuphela ngonyaka, ”kufingqa uMengai.
UMartin Trümmel, naye, uzibuzile lo mbuzo - futhi kusukela ngaleso sikhathi ubelokhu etshela abasebenza ngomthetho, abahloli bezintambo abangenazintambo futhi esebenza ngokubambisana nomakhelwane: "Imvamisa nikhululekile kakhulu ukwaba izinto, ngakho-ke nithenga kakhulu. Kungagcina izinsizakusebenza eziningi, imali eningi namandla. Othile unoku engikudingayo futhi uboleka ngenenjabulo ngoba uyazi ukuthi manje sebengamdinga omunye umuntu. Izindlu eziyishumi nxazonke futhi wonke umuntu unomphathi wazo womthetho. Leyo nkabi. "
Yabelana futhi Wabe Umnotho
Igama elithi "share economy" laqanjwa yisazi sezomnotho saseHarvard, uMartin Weitzman, futhi ngokusobala ukuthi ukuchuma kwabo bonke kukhulisa okwabiwe kakhulu kubo bonke abahlanganyeli bemakethe. Igama elithi "Yabelana ngomnotho" liya ngokuya likhula ezinkampanini ezinomqondo webhizinisi libonakala ngokusetshenziswa kwesikhashana kwezisetshenziswa ezingadingeki unomphela. Emazweni akhuluma isiJalimane, igama elithi Kokonsum (isifushaniso esivela ekusetshenzisweni kokusebenzisana) liyasetshenziswa.
Izindlela zakamuva zokwabelana ziletha iwebhusayithi www.lets-share.de.
I-Minimalism: sebenza kancane ngemali encane
Njengoba uMartin Trümmel echithe cishe amaphesenti we-70 kancane ku- "bullshit", ubelokhu elonga imali ngobuningi ayengacabangi ukuthi kungenzeka bunokwenzeka. Lokhu kuholela emiphumeleni enengqondo: Ukusetshenziswa okuncane kusho ukutholakala okuncane, ngakolunye uhlangothi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kubantu abaningi lokhu kusho into eyodwa ngaphezu kwakho konke okunye: ukusebenza okuncane - ukuzuza kwinkululeko nokuvumelana nezimo okungekho nzima ukwedlula lokhu. Umcwaningi wesikhathi esizayo uVarga ukhomba ukuguquka kweparadm phakathi komphakathi: "Inani lesikhathi selivelile lelo lemali kubantu abaningi. Kuya ngokwengeziwe ngokuchitha isikhathi ngobuhlakani - obekuyi-filosofi yabantu abaphefumulelwe ngokomoya namuhla yinto enkulu. Ngokuncane futhi bayaqaphela ukuthi kungani kufanele basebenzise isikhathi esiningi kangaka emsebenzini, okusebenza kuphela ukwenza imali. ”Umnotho usala ngemuva kwalezi zidingo kamuva. Noma kukhona imizamo yezinkampani ngazinye njengeviki lezinsuku ezine noma i-akhawunti yokusebenza isikhathi sonyaka, okufanele iqinisekise ukuguquguquka okukhulu. Ukuphakanyiswa kwehhovisi lasekhaya, noma umqondo wokuthi abantu ababili babelana ngomsebenzi, yimizamo yokubona izidingo zabasebenzi zokuzivumelanisa nezimo nokuzilibazisa kwasemini. Ekugcineni, yilabo abangakwazi ukuyisebenzisa kuphela abakhethe amamodeli angekho ngaphansi kwesikhashana kanye namahora okusebenza amafushane. Futhi kukhona ama-minimalists anethuba lokunquma.
I-Minimalism: Ukwabelana inkukhu nokuhlangana
"Inani lesikhathi selidlule isikhathi eside lelo lemali kubantu abaningi. Kuya ngokwengeziwe ngokuchitha isikhathi ngobuhlakani - obekuyi-filosofi yabantu abaphefumulelwe ngokomoya namuhla yinto enkulu. "
Christiane Varga, Zukunftsinstitut
UMartin Trümmel uzonciphisa isikhundla sakhe sesikhathi esigcwele sibe amahora we-20 masonto onke maduze. “Ngomsebenzi wami wesikhathi esigcwele, senginemali eningi esisele engingayijabulisa. Ngama-reservation, manje ngiphuma isikhathi eside. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngakha isikhala esiningi samaphrojekthi wokudala angenza ngijabule nempilo yami ibe ngcono. "Lokhu kufaka isikhungo sokuzinakekela, esihlanganyela nabangane:" Wonke umuntu wakhe okuthile noma azalele izilwane, njengoba ejabulela. Ngemuva kwalokho konke kuhlangana wonke umuntu athathe lokho akufunayo. Indawo yokudlala, lapho wonke umuntu ezuza khona. ”Umnikelo wakhe izinkukhu neNandus, izinyoni zaseMelika zaseNingizimu Melika ezinenyama esezingeni eliphakeme kakhulu, akunzima ukungena e-Austria. Ngisho nokubulawa ngokwakho. UMartin Trümmel yingxenye yentuthuko ezobumba indlela yethu yokuziphatha eminyakeni embalwa ezayo, njengoba isazi sekusasa uChristiane Varga sithi: "Ukweqa nokweneliseka ngokuya ngokwengeziwe kubaluleke kakhulu - ufuna ukwazi ukuthi udlani. Ngaphezu kwakho konke, abantu abasha nabadalayo bahlala bethola amathuba amasha. Ukudla okufana nesinkwa kwenziwa kaninginingi futhi kuguqulwa notamatisi bomakhelwane. Lokhu kubuye kusizakale ngamagugu wokuhlangana kwabantu asebuyele ekugxilwe kuwo: ukutshala ukuxhumana nabantu kanye nokuthakasela imvelo yabo. "
I-Minimalism: Isikhathi esengeziwe sobuntu
UMartin Løken uphatha ukuchitha cishe i-6.000 Euro ngonyaka. Inothi eseceleni: INorway iyabiza kakhulu kune-Austria. UMartin akadingi mali eningi ngempilo yakhe. Izikhathi azithola azange azokwazi ukukhokhela. Kwaphela iminyaka ethile enikeza izinkulumo ezingozini zokushayisana kwezimoto kubashayeli amabanga aphezulu eNorway. Njalo ngemva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha. Sonke isikhathi, utshale imali ikakhulu ekuhambeni.
Muva nje uyeke umsebenzi wakhe okhokhelwa kahle kweminye imisebenzi, njengokuzibandakanya kwezepolitiki esifundeni sakhe, wahlela amakamu wezingane, wazakhela indlu emincane futhi esebenza ngendlela efanelekile. Futhi, ukuhamba - futhi kukaMartin Løken kuxhunywe kakhulu: ukuthuthukiswa okwengeziwe kobuntu bakhe. "Ngizama ukushiya indawo yami yokududuza kaningi ngangokunokwenzeka. Ngazo zonke izinselelo ezintsha, indima yami yokudlala indima kanye nokuzethemba kwami kuyakhula. Ayikho indlu, ayikho imoto futhi akukho msebenzi wangempela oyinselelo enkulu, akukho mbuzo - kepha ngingahlangana naye neqhaza lami ngokwenele ngokwanele: njengemisa imoto, i-Wildcamper, njengomuntu ongahlali kahle emphakathini nanjengesikebhe sokulala. "
I-Minimalism: i-adventure esikhundleni sendawo yokududuza
Indlela yokuphila efana noMartin Løken's ukusuka kulokho abantu abaningi abakubiza njengokujwayelekile. Kepha kungakhuthaza nalabo abalangazelela inkululeko ethe xaxa, ukuzimela okwengeziwe, ama-adventures amaningi nokujoyina okwengeziwe kwe-joie de vivre. Izidingo ezingasazona izinto ngazinye ngisho nesazi se-future future Varga: "Uhlelo olujwayelekile, impilo ejwayelekile ayisathandeki kwabaningi. Lokho abakufunayo impilo yomuntu ngamunye, eyenzelwe ngokwemibono yabo. Ukushiya indawo yakho yokududuzeka njalo kuletha i-adventure empilweni yansuku zonke, injabulo kanye nezinselele ezintsha ezijabulisayo. Abantu abaningi bafuna ukubhala izindaba zabo. "
Ngokuvamile, izindaba ziye zaba ezibaluleke ngokwengeziwe. Futhi lezo ezingemuva kwemikhiqizo. Abakhiqizi basesikhungweni esikhulu kakhulu, isibalo sokwenza ubuhlakani nokwenziwa ekhaya siyakhula ngakho-ke nokuzimisela ukusebenzisa imali eningi kwimikhiqizo eseqophelweni enomlando omuhle ongadluliselwa kuyo. Ngakho-ke isifiso sekhwalithi engaphezulu nenani elincane kuzo zonke izici zokuphila iba umqondo oyisisekelo we-minimalism. Ungakuthola kukuhle lokho noma cha. Akungatshazwa ukuthi inomthelela ekusetshenzisweni okuzinzile kwezinsiza zomuntu nezemvelo. Futhi akekho umuntu embuthanweni wami wabajwayele otshela izindaba ezijabulisa ukwedlula uMartin Trümmel noMartin Løken.
Photo / Video: Ugogo.
