Okwedijithali, kepha ongaziwa: ukuphuma kwabantu obala - ngezeluleko namathuluzi

Masihlale sibhekana namaqiniso. "Umsebenzisi ojwayelekile akakwazi ukuzivikela ngempela. Futhi noma ebeyazi ukuthi kanjani, induduzo ibizoba khona ”- kusho udun. Futhi ojwayelekile kufanele bazi: Uyilungu le-Anonymus, lelo qembu le-motley le-IT freaks kanye nabaduni, ababheke ngaphandle ekusithekeni ngisho nasekhoneni okuthiwa lalivikelwe emhlabeni wekhompyutha. Kepha kukhona, izilungiselelo ezinhle, amathuluzi nezixazululo zesoftware ezithembisa i-IT muffle ikakhulukazi ukungaziwa nokuphepha.

Kepha okokuqala ubuyela emuva ngonyaka we-2013. Ngu-Eduard Snowden kuphela owavuma impempe yaseMelika ngomphakathi omhlaba omningi, ukuthi yiziphi izincwadi nesinema movie esicabanga ukuthi kudala. Ngenxa ka-Snowden sinesiqinisekiso esesabekayo: Singabantu abade kunabo bonke, umphakathi weglasi.

Umbuzo wokuthi yini ongabhekwa ubukhali. Ngokwe-theory, akekho umuntu ongaziwa. Empeleni, neNational Security Service NSA inezinkinga ezinkulu ngokugcwala kwemininingwane emhlabeni jikelele. Ngokuvamile, kungafakwa ukuthi okungenani izinsizakalo eziyimfihlo zigcina idatha yokuxhuma kuphela. Ngqo: Yiphi inombolo enenye inombolo lapho ibizwa futhi bekukhona kuphi ukuxhumeka? Kepha nalolu lwazi lungaba nemiphumela yako. Zenze ngokwakho? Uzihumusha kanjani izingcingo, okokuqala nge-Aidshilfe, bese udokotela womndeni futhi ekugcineni nentombi?

Ngokulwa nobugebengu noma ukulawula?

Kepha buyela dude. Isikhulumi esingaziwa sibona izinsiza zokubhekwa njengaseGeorge Orwell "1984": "Ngomqondo wokulwa nobushokobezi kanye nobugebengu kumele kukhiqizwe ukwesaba, okuzobe kugunyaza lezi zinto. Amakhamera nokunye okunjalo akuyona nje izinjongo zokubhekwa, kodwa futhi kuhloselwe ukusabisa. Lokhu kungumphumela oncomekayo. "Ngaphandle kwepharanoia, kuyinkinga enkulu emngceleni: Ngakolunye uhlangothi ubugebengu kufanele buyekwe, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ubumfihlo bethu busengozini. Ukulawulwa kokucwaswa kwe-Intanethi kwe-Intanethi Akubuzwa: Lapha kubalulekile ukuqhubekisela phambili ibha. Kepha umphakathi ungalawulwa kuze kube nini? Ngubani oqinisekisa ukuthi ngeke kube nokuhlukumezeka? Ngubani ongaziwa?

Futhi ingeza mpikiswano ebaluleke ngempela: Umthengi ojwayelekile we-Otto akanalutho lokufihla. Futhi ekugcineni, siphila ngentando yeningi. Ukucabanga nokwenza kwethu kukhululekile. Kepha kuthiwani ngemibuso eminingi yomhlaba lapho kunezinye izimo? Futhi ngubani osho ukuthi isimo emazweni ase-Europe ngeke sishintshe ngokuzumayo? Igama elithi ubuphekula selivele lihunyushwa kabanzi ezicini ezaziwayo zase-US. Futhi ngisho ne-Austria kunezizathu ezinobulungiswa ezivelayo nezinqubo zezilwi ezilwela amalungelo ezilwane kanye nezigaba ze-mafia eziphikisayo.

Kulandelwa kunethiwekhi

Zonke izinsuku sishiya umbono wethu wezezimali ku-Intanethi. Noma ngabe le mikhondo iqoshwa ngokungaziwa: IGoogle, Facebook neCo bazi okuningi ngathi. Noma ngubani onayo iwebhusayithi yakhe angazihlolelela lokho: I-Google Analytics iletha idatha yesivakashi esinembe kakhulu - indawo, iqembu leminyaka, izintshisekelo, ibanga lokukhokha, nokuningi.
Noma ngubani ovumela lokho okubizwa ngokuthi amakhukhi esipheqululini sakhe se-Inthanethi, cishe uyazi nokuthi: Umkhiqizo osanda kubuyekezwa ngumphathi we-inthanethi, uvela kaninginingi esibukweni. "Ngithenge. Uyangithanda? Ngiyayazi, ”kumemeza ama-geadewegs. Ukucinga Ukuphinda usebenzise igama lale ndlela yokukhangisa, eye yande kakhulu kwiWebhu, futhi ngezinye izikhathi engacasulayo.

Octopus bedatha kumaselula namathebulethi

Futhi ngisho nalapho kufakwa izinhlelo zokusebenza ezithandwayo zezingcingo eziphathwayo namathebulethi kuvame kakhulu ukuvula umnyango - futhi kukhashelwe imininingwane eminingi, enganikeza empilweni "yangempela", akekho umuntu onjalo. Eqinisweni, ezinye zalezi zinhlelo zokuzijabulisa zinenhloso eyodwa kuphela: ziqoqa imininingwane leyo ke ngandlela thile yenziwe imali. Ngokusemthethweni ngokuphelele, ngendlela. Idatha ekugcineni izodluliswa ngokuzithandela ngemvume yakho. Noma cha?

UChristian Funk ungumhlaziyi we-Virus oMkhulu eKaspersky, ongomunye wabahlinzeki abakhulu kakhulu bezisombululo zokuphepha zedijithali ezinjengezinhlelo zama-antivirus kanye nezicishamlilo. Akanazindaba ezimnandi ku-cybercrime: "Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-malware ephathekayo - ikakhulukazi i-Android - kuhamba phambili ngokushesha okukhulu. Njengamanje, i-malware yeselula isetshenziselwa kuphela ukufinyelela olwazini lomuntu siqu kumadivayisi eselula noma i-SMS ye-premium. Ngokuzayo, isibungu sokuqala esisindayo kubonakala sinokwenzeka kubasebenzisi be-Android. "
Ithiphu yakhe yamadivayisi eselula icacile: "Kuncane, ngoba idatha yomuntu siqu ayigcinwa kuphela kudivayisi, kodwa futhi idluliselwa ezinkampanini zonjiniyela ngokugunyazwa kohlelo lokusebenza. Lokho kusho ukukhetha okuhle kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ozidingayo nokuthi izinhlelo zokusebenza ezingasadingeki kufanele ziphinde zikhutshwe. "
Futhi uFunk usazi usongo olukhulu olukhona manje kwi-Intanethi: okubizwa ngokuthi yi-drive-by downloads. "Izilonda ezi-inthanethi eziphezulu ze-20 eziyisikhombisa zonyaka zazingezisongo ezazisetshenziswa ekuhlaseleni ngokulanda. Abasebenzisi batheleleka ngokuvakashela iwebhusayithi yodwa. Izinhlelo zokuvikela igciwane kanye nokuvuselelwa njalo kwazo zonke izinhlelo ezisebenzayo nezinhlelo ezisetshenziswayo zivikela ukulanda ngokusetshenziswa kwe-drive. "Ukubhekwa, ukwebiwa kwemininingwane, i-cybercrime - ngaphandle kwakho konke, wonke umuntu angazivikela ngezinga elikhulu. Futhi lokho ngaphandle kwamakhono amakhulu wekhompyutha.

Akaziwa futhi uvikelekile

Inketho iqoqe izixazululo ezibaluleke kakhulu nezeluleko. Ngeshwa ayidlali engaziwa ngokuphelele futhi iphephile. Isixazululo esifanelekile sokwenza i-surfing engaziwa inikeze okuthiwa ama-VPNs, amanethiwekhi angasese angasese - ngemali ekhokhwa njalo ngenyanga. Ukuphepha okujwayelekile nge-antivirus ne-firewall nakho kubiza ama-euro ambalwa ngonyaka.
Kepha ngaphandle kokukhokha, kukhona amathuluzi athile enza umsebenzi wawo kahle. Inketho incoma njengendlela yokuqala nelula yokwandisa ukuphepha kohlelo lwakho lokusebenza nokukhubaza ukusetshenziswa kwamakhukhi kanye neJava kuzilungiselelo zesiphequluli. Cabanga ngoSe: Imisebenzi eminingi efiselekayo ishiywe ngemuva. Ngemuva kwalokho kusiza okwesikhashana ukuhlehlisa izilungiselelo ezenziwe. Kodwa noma ngaphandle kwemisebenzi eminingi, ingasinda kahle.

Isinqumo: ukuziphatha komsebenzisi

Kepha iqiniso ukuthi impilo yedijithali idinga izindlela zokuqapha ezifanayo nezwe langempela: ukuqonda okusobala. I-dude ithi, "Kufanele wazi ukuthi kwenzekani ngokuchofoza ngakunye, ngaso sonke isikhathi lapho uvakashela iwebhusayithi. Abasebenzisi kufanele baqonde abakwenzayo. "Futhi lokho akusho nje ukuqonda kobuchwepheshe, kumayelana nokuziphatha komsebenzisi okuhambisanayo okudingeka kufundwe.
Isiphakamiso esisodwa: Sebenzisa ikhompyutha yakho, iselula noma ithebhulethi njengenjwayelo, kepha bhelela ihlombe lakho. Qaphela ukuthi yiziphi izinyathelo ozithathayo nsuku zonke nokuthi yini ongafuna ukuzenza ngaphandle kokuzayo. Ngisho nengane encane ifunda ukungathathi nokukhotha konke okulele phansi. Kodwa-ke, ukuphumelela kobuchwepheshe besikhathi sethu kusekuncane kakhulu ukuba kungasingathwa ngokufanele kube yindaba.
Akunandaba, sitshela umhlaba wonke ukuthi sihlangabezana kuphi nokuthi kanjani. Sibeka umbono wethu ku-Facebook, njengamakhasi, izithombe zokuthumela. Masizibhekane nathi: ayikho insiza yezobunhloli edingekayo ukusenza umuntu ogqamile.

Isazi sokuphepha sikaKaspersky uFunk sikubona ngale ndlela: "Okokuqala, umbuzo kufanele ube: malini futhi uluhlobo luni lwedatha engifuna ukuphathisa lona ukuthi iyiphi inkonzo nokuthi yini engenziwa ngamandla obugebengu? Lapho nje umuntu ekhipha idatha, enye ingxenye enkulu ilahlekelwa amandla okuyilawula futhi ithembele kwigunya leqembu lesithathu. "Ngakho-ke, ukuphela kwekhambi elinengqondo ngempela - ukuphatha okubonakalayo kwabezindaba namathuluzi wesikhathi sethu.

Okuyisisekelo

Das ukuziphatha umsebenzisiUkuziphatha ezweni ledijithali kungenzeka ukuthi kuyinto ebalulekile mayelana nokuphepha. Cabanga ukuthi imiphi imininingwane oyivezayo ukuthi uhamba kuphi nokuthi amawebhusayithi amangaki. Ikakhulu izingcingo eziphathwayo namathebulethi, lalela amasheya owanikeza izinhlelo zokusebenza.

Amanethiwekhi omphakathi: Sebenzisa izilungiselelo zokuphepha. Ngaphezu kwakho konke, qiniseka ukuthi i-akhawunti yakho ku-Facebook & Co ayibonakali kuwo wonke umuntu - ngamanye amagama: hhayi esidlangalaleni. Ngaphandle kwalokho, zonke izithombe zeholide ezithunyelwe ziyisimemo sabaphangi. Kepha futhi ezinye izicelo zemisebenzi zehlulekile ngenxa yezithombe zephathi ezimanzi nezenjabulo.

Ukuvikelwa Okuyisisekelo: Kuvuliwe uhlelo anti-virus ngokumelene izinambuzane noyedwa firewall Ukuvikela uxhumano lwakho lwe-inthanethi, kukhona ubuncane bezinyathelo zokuphepha kwikhompyutha ngayinye. Okubalulekile futhi izilungiselelo ezifanelekile kumodemu ye-LAN engenantambo ukugcina izivakashi ezingamenywanga ku-wifi.

Iphasiwedi: Khetha amaphasiwedi aqukethe izinhlamvu ezincane nezinhlamvu eziphezulu. Njalo ukusebenzisa iphasiwedi efanayo kuyingozi enkulu uma idatha ingena ezandleni ezingalungile. Kepha uwazi kanjani amanani amaningi amaphasiwedi? Izisombululo zibizwa ngokuthi iziphephelo zephasiwedi ezinjenge-Lastpass, ezivame ukunikeza ezinye izinkinobho ngephasiwedi enkulu. Amaphasiwedi abaluleke kakhulu, njengokufinyelela kwi-inthanethi yasebhange, kufanele ukhumbule futhi akukho ndawo ongabhala kuyo. Ithiphu: www.lastpass.com

Online BankingCishe wonke amabhange manje anikela ngokuphepha ngaphezulu kwama-TANs omakhalekhukhwini. Ekuthengisaneni ngakunye, ikhodi ithunyelwa kumakhalekhukhwini, okufanele ifakwe online njenge isheke lezokuphepha. Ungalokothi uvule noma uphendule kuma-imeyili okuthiwa wobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi, imilayezo okusolwa evela ebhange lakho.

Amakhasi avikelwe I-https: Lonke ikheli lewebhu esipheqululini liandulelwa yi-protocol http. Ngehafu ephephile, ungazizwa kuphela umthetho olandelwayo wokuphepha. Kukhona ithuluzi https yonke indawo.

izilungiselelo isiphequluli: Uma ufuna ukuvikeleka kakhudlwana nokungaziwa kwinethiwekhi, yenyusa izinga lokuphepha kuzilungiselelo zesistimu. Lokhu kungasho ukuthi akuyona yonke imisebenzi engasetshenziswa kwi-Intanethi. Kungasiza futhi ukukhubaza ukwamukelwa kwekhukhi neJavascript.

Kwamagama Test: Ku ip-check.info ungavivinya ukuthi yiluphi ulwazi lwe-inthanethi yakho olwembulelayo. noma lapho kunezingozi zokuphepha.

Amathuluzi wokungaziwa: nansi indlela ongaziwa ngayo

Uyacelwa ukuthi ubheke imiyalo enconyelwayo yokuziphatha okuhle ngokuhlangana nalawa mathuluzi. Uma ubhalisa ngokungaziwa ku-Facebook, iziphetho ngomuntu wakho zingenziwa. Ngokufanayo, ukwabiwa kwefayela eTor kuvinjelwe.

Tor: I-Tor kulula ukuyisebenzisa, inethiwekhi yokungaziwa kwemininingwane yokuxhumana. Lapha ungalanda futhi usebenzise i-TorBrowser yakho futhi vele asaziwa. Ngeshwa, ukuxhumeka kukaTor kubambezela ijubane le-surfing. Indawo yethu yasolwa eSwitzerland. www.torproject.org

JonDo: I-JonDo yisichasiso sewebhu esisebenza ngokohlelo olukhethekile, ukuxubana kwamakhasino, futhi siyaphumelela ikakhulukazi ngokulandela igama. Imali ekhokhwa njalo ngenyanga, lolu hlelo lushesha kakhulu - futhi ngaphezu kwakho konke okungaziwa. www.anonym-surfen.de

I-VPN: Inethiwekhi yangasese ebonakalayo ukutholakala okukhokhelwa kakhulu kunethiwekhi engaziwa. Umsebenzisi uba obhalisile kwenye inethiwekhi - ngokufinyelela okuqondile, sengathi ikhompyutha yakhe ixhunyiwe ngqo kwenye inethiwekhi. Ijubane ijwayele ukungashintshwa ngokushesha. Enye inzuzo: ngoba baqamba indawo (eguqukayo) e-United States, ngokwesibonelo, futhi uyakwazi ukufinyelela ukunikezwa okungavinjelwa izwe lakho. Uma futhi ufuna ukusebenzisa okunikezwayo kwasendaweni, kungakuhle ukuthi ukhethe umhlinzeki ngamaseva e-Austria ukuze ungaziwa. Ukuqhathanisa kwabahlinzeki be-VPN, bheka www.vpnvergleich.net/land/osterreich

I-Steganos Online Shield 365: Iphinde ifihla ikheli lakho le-IP ngenkathi i-surfing futhi ngenxa yalokho ihlala ingaziwa. Uhlelo luvikela amaphasiwedi akho kanye nokuthi ungubani. Uhlobo lwamahhala lweSteganos Online Shield 365 lukhawulelwe umthamo wedatha omkhulu we-500 MB ngenyanga. www.steganos.com

Amathuluzi esiphequluli

I-Ghostery: Le plugin yokufuna okubaluleke kakhulu kweziphequluli zezinto zekhasi lomuntu wesithathu (okubizwa nge- "trackers") kumawebhusayithi owavakashelayo bese uwavimba uma ucela. Ama-tracker, ngokwesibonelo, amawijethi ekuxhumaneni nomphakathi, izikhangiso, ukulandelwa okungabonakali noma amaphikseli wokuhlaziya, njll. Ukuvimba ama-trackers kungavimbela nemisebenzi oyifunayo. ghostery.com

noscript: Le plugin yeFirefox ikuvumela ukuthi usebenzise iJavaScript, iJava (namanye ama-plugins) kwizizinda ezethembekile zokukhetha kwakho. noscript.net

I-WhatsApp yonke indawo: I-plugin eklanyelwe ukubethela ngokuzenzakalelayo futhi icele izixhumanisi zamakhasi ngokuphepha. eff.org/https-everywhere

I-HTTP switchboard: Leli thuluzi elinzima kakhulu lilawula zonke izicelo ezivela kusiphequluli ngephuzu elilula bese uchofoza futhi uvimba imibhalo, ama-IFrames, izikhangiso, i-Facebook njll.

Adblocker: I-plugin yesiphequluli efihla izikhangiso kuphela. I-Adblock Plus ivimba ukukhangiswa kwevidiyo okucasulayo ku-YouTube. adblockplus.org

DuckDuckGo: Enye injini yokusesha, ngokungafani neGoogle & Co, engagcini idatha. duckduckgo.com

Iselula nethebhulethi: izisekelo

Izinhlelo zokusebenza. Uhlelo lokusebenza ngalunye kufanele lunikezwe amasheya athile ukuze ikwazi ukufeza imisebenzi ehlukile. Lawa masheya awazibeki ebungozini zokuphepha, kepha angaxhashazwa abathengisi. Ngokukhethekile, izinhlelo zokusebenza zamahhala zithanda ukubuka idatha ehlukahlukene yezingcingo noma amathebulethi abo weselula. Nakisisa ukuthi yiziphi izinhlelo zokusebenza ezikunikeza yimaphi amalungelo.

Umsuka. Lokhu ngukushintshwa kohlelo lonke lokusebenza ukuze uqonde, ukuze uthole ukulawula yonke imisebenzi nokulawula kwabo. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi ususe ngokuqondile amasheya athile kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ezithile. Kukhona izingwegwe eziningana: I Rooten akulula futhi igcinelwe abanekhono. Ukubamba ngezimpande kungaphula imihlahlandlela yewaranti yomenzi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungadingeka ukuthi wenze ngaphandle kwemisebenzi ethile yedivayisi yakho.

Khiya ikhadi: Ifoni ngayinye inokhiye we-SIM. Ungashintsha ikhodi ngendlela othanda ngayo, ukuze kungabikho muntu wesithathu othola ukufinyelela kudivayisi.

yokuvala isikrini: Kufanele futhi unikeze amandla lesi sici ukuvikela idatha yakho ekutshontsheni kokunye nokunye. Ukuphepha okuphezulu kuthembisa kuphela i-PIN yezinombolo noma iphasiwedi (izinombolo nezinhlamvu).

encode: Idatha ebonakalayo noma konke okuqukethwe kudivayisi kungabhalwa ngemfihlo. Amadivaysi amaningi asekuxhasa lokhu kuzilungiselelo zokuphepha. Kepha kukhona nezinhlelo zokusebenza zayo uqobo.

amasevisi kwasendaweni: Naka izilungiselelo eziyisisekelo kudivayisi yakho. Ngabe ufuna ukumemezela isikhundla sakho? Ngokusebenzisa ukuzulazula noma okunye, awunakukhetha.

Iselula nethebhulethi: amathuluzi

aSpotCat: Ufuna ukwazi ukuthi yimaphi amasheya asebenzisa iziphi izinhlelo zokusebenza? Lolu hlelo lokusebenza lukutshela futhi luhlukanisa ubungozi obufanayo bokuphepha. Uzoqaphela: Yiselula kuphela ngaphandle kohlelo lokusebenza iyiselula evikelekile.

i-orbot, Isiphequluli seselula sohlelo lwe-Tor sokusebenzisa inetha ngokungaziwa ngangokunokwenzeka.

RedPhone: Ukukhuluma ocingweni okusolwa ukuthi yi-tap-proof, ungasebenzisa lolu hlelo lokusebenza. Inikeza ukubethela kokugcina, okudinga zombili izinhlangothi ukusebenzisa uhlelo lokusebenza.

K-9: Lolu hlelo lokusebenza lwemeyili olusebenza ngokuguquguqukayo lwendabuko ngokwendabuko.

TextSecure: Uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-TextSecure lubethela imiyalezo yombhalo ngesikhathi sokudlulisela kanye nasesisetshenziswa. Kucishe kufane nesicelo esejwayelekile se-SMS - futhi kulula ukuyisebenzisa.

wekhodi

Ngeshwa, le ndawo igcinelwe abasebenzisi bekhompyutha abangama-savvy, ngoba ukusebenza ngobuchwepheshe kuyo kuyinkimbinkimbi.

Enigmail: Lokhu kwandiswa kohlelo lwemeyili Thunderbird neSeamonkey kusetshenziselwa ukubethela nokusayina kwama-imeyili. www.enigmail.net

I-Gpg4winNayi iphakethe lonke le-imeyili nohlelo lwedatha olunikezwayo. I-GnuPG noma i-GPG (i-GNU Imfihlo Yobumfihlo) uhlelo lwamahhala lwe-cryptographic, okungukuthi, isetshenziselwa ukubethela nokukhipha idatha futhi ukukhiqiza nokuqinisekisa amasiginesha kagesi. Izithako futhi izandiso ze-Outlook ne-Explorer. gpg4win.org

Ubumfihlo obuhle uhlelo lokufihla idatha nokusayina. Kukhona ne-PGPdisk yokufihla yonke imishini yokushayela kanzima ne-PGPfone yokwenza amakholi aphephile nge-modem. www.pgpi.org

Mail

Ezinye izindlela ze-Outlook: Kukhona, ezinye izindlela. Ukusho lokhu ikakhulukazi izinqa zemeyili kanye ne-Thunderbird.

Udoti-imeyli: Ikheli le-imeyili elilahlwayo lokubhaliswa phakathi, ukuze ungamemezeli ikheli lakho le-imeyili. Ama-imeyili atholakele angabukwa amahora ayisithupha, bese asulwa. Kungenzeka futhi ukuthola idatha kuze kufike ku-MB eyodwa. Ukulethwa kweposi akunakwenzeka lapha. Kodwa-ke, amanye amawebhusayithi awemukeli lawa makheli. trash-mail.com

Photo / Video: nun.