Helmut Melzer
Iyo nyika inoisa zvinangwa. Asi ndizvo. Nekuti kunyangwe hazvo zvibodzwa zverudzi rwe "zvakazara kuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza" (1984) uye "kusimba" (2013), chikumbiro chekuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze chinodiwa - uye zvakare uye zvakare Dare reConstitution.
Mune coup d'état, muna 2018 uye zvakare mugore rakatevera, chinangwa chitsva chehurumende "kukwikwidza bhizinesi nzvimbo" muAustria chakaedzwa kuita bumbiro. Chikonzero cheichi ichi yaive sarudzo yeFederal Administrative Court muna 2017, yakaramba application yeVienna Airport kune yechitatu runway - nekuda kwezvikonzero zvezvakatipoteredza, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu. Nenzvimbo yebhizinesi mubumbiro, izvi zvingave zvinokoshesa - pamwe pamusoro pezvakanaka zvese. Nekuda kwekumanikidzwa kubva munharaunda dzevagari vemo, hurongwa hwechinangwa chitsva cheAustria hwakabviswa.
Yechitatu runway zvakadaro yakapihwa girini yakajeka: iyo yekuongorora mamiriro ekunze ikozvino yakagumisa. Uye kunze kweiyo yaimbove yakakundikana mamiriro ekudzivirira emamiriro ekunze: ko nezvezvinangwa zvehurumende yeAustria?
Zvinangwa zveHurumende zvinosungirwa
Pane chiitiko chechinyorwa chapfuura pa kubatanidzwa kuongororwa kwezvinangwa zvepasirose zveOustria zvaisazopotsa. Nekudaro: Kunyange paInternet, hatina kukwanisa kuwana runyorwa rwezvino rweizvi. Iyo media media ye Parlamentsdirektion inonakidza tekinoroji dossier yakatumirwa kwauri. Idi rekuti izvi zvaive sezviri pachena rakagadzirwa sebhuku reruzivo rwekutanga kutaurwa bhizinesi nzvimbo yechinangwa haifani kutinetsa.
Chirevo mukati maro chakanyanya kufadza: "Basa rematare ranga rakaganhurirwa kuchengetedza sangano rehurumende uye kodzero dzevanhu mune dzenyika. Nekudaro, maonero aya akachinja mukuita kwebumbiro rebumbiro remutemo munharaunda dzese dzese kubva ku1970s. [...] Kururamisira nesainzi zvakadavirira izvi nekushanda misimboti yematare. Zvakaratidzwazve kuti kodzero dzakakosha hadzire dziviriro pamunhu kubva kunharaunda. Vanoregedzawo nyika kuti ipe hwaro hwakakodzera kushandisa kodzero idzi. Zvinangwa zveHurumende zvinosunga zviri pamutemo. Ivo vanoregedza nhengo dzenyika kuti dziite neimwe nzira."
Zvinangwa zveHurumende: kunyengera kukuru?
Zvino, semugari asina mutsigo, zvinogona kufungidzirwa kuti nyika nehurumende yaro yakasununguka mukuzvitonga zvinotevedzera zvinangwa zvakafanira nekuzvitora mukufunga nemutemo.
Nekudaro, chokwadi chinoratidza kuti chinongopokana na Dare reConstitution (VfGH) inofanirwa kuburitsa pachena kupesana kwebumbiro. Chiitiko chinoratidzika kunge chiri kuunganidza kumusoro. Dossier yedare reparamende inosimuka mubvunzo - maererano nezvikonzero zvezvinangwa zenyika: "Nyika dzinongoita vatambi pakati pevakawanda. Masangano epasi rese kana makambani makuru ezvokutengeserana dzimwe nguva anonzi anowedzera simba uye pesvedzero. Izvi zvinomutsa mubvunzo wekuti ndezvipi mabasa ezvematongerwo enyika zvinofanirwa kuita."
Saka kana zvinangwa zvehurumende zviri "zvitsva" mabasa ezvizvarwa, nei zvichingopererwa? Nei paine kudikanwa kwevhoti yevanhu mumamiriro ekunze apo Austria ine zviviri zvakanaka zvehurumende zvibodzwa?
Pane izvi uye nenyaya yemugwagwa wechitatu, maitiro eParamende Directorate: "Matare emutemo wevanhu akabata kanoverengeka nechinangwa chenyika chekuchengetedza zvakatipoteredza nekusimudzira mumutemo wavo wenguva yakapfuura. "Mumutongo wayo pamugwagwa wechitatu kuVienna Airport, Dare reConstitutional Court rakanyatso tsanangura tsika yavo yakareba yekushandisa Federal Constitutional Law on Environmental Protection (BVG) kuongorora mitemo nemirau."
Uyezve: "VfGH yakasimbisa kuti kukosha zvachose kwekudzivirirwa kwezvirimwa pamusoro peimwe sarudzo sarudzo, iyo manejimendi inofanirwa kufunga nezvayo, haigone kutora kubva kune ino nyika chinangwa. Zvinoenderana nebumbiro remutemo wenyika, zvisinei, kuchengetedzwa kwakakomberedza zvakatipoteredza kunofanirwa kuverengerwa pakududzira zvido kuti zvachengetedzwe pasi pemutemo weAviation Act (LFG). Saizvozvovo, izvi zvinofanirawo kuitwa pamwe nekuremerwa kwehuremu kweizvi zvido. Nekudaro, kusanganisa uku hakugone kuwedzera izvo zvido izvo zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa pasi peLFG. Ichi ndicho chimwe chezvikonzero nei VfGH yakadzora danho reDare Rinoona Nezvekutongwa kwemamiriro ekunze kuramba kutendera nzira yechitatu nekuda kwezvikonzero zvekudzivirira kwemamiriro ekunze. "
INFO: Iyo nyika zvinangwa Austria
Kurapa kwakaenzana kune vakaremara - Art 7 para 1 B-VG 1997
Kurapa kwakaenzana kune varume nevakadzi - Art 7 para 2 B-VG 1998
Kudzivirirwa kwemadzinza - Art 8 para 2 B-VG 2000
Kudzivirirwa kwakakwana kwenyika - Art 9a B-VG 1975
Macroeconomic chiyero - Art 13 para 2 B-VG 1987
Chaiwo kuenzana pakati pevarume nevakadzi mune mabhajeti manejimendi ehurumende yemubatanidzwa, kumatunhu pamwe nematauro - Art 13 para 3 B-VG 2009
Kubatana kwevanhu - Art 120a para 2 B-VG 2008
inotungamirwa - Art 17 StGG 1867, BGBl 210/1958
Kutsungirira kusarerekera - BVG yaGumiguru 26, 1955
Kurambidzwa kweNational Socialist kudzoreredza basa - BGBl 152/1955
Kutepfenyura sebasa reruzhinji - Art 1 BVG Rundfunk 1974
Kudzivirirwa kwakakwana kwezvakatipoteredza - BVG 1984-2013
kuenderera - § 1 BVG kusimudzira 2013
mhuka zvakanaka - § 2 BVG kusimudzira 2013
Kuverengera mvura uye chikafu chekupa - §§ 4 na5 BVG kusimudzira 2013
tsvakurudzo - § 6 BVG kusimudzira 2013
Kwayaka: Dhairekodhi yeParagiri
Kuongorora kungave kwakakodzera here: "Iwe une fungidziro yekuti zvematongerwo enyika dzeAustria dzinoedza kuzadzisa zvinangwa zvehurumende yeAustria kuburikidza nebasa rayo?" Muenzaniso: Austria yakachengetedza iyo ndege yeAA kumuka kwedambudziko re corona.
Photo / Video: Shutterstock.
jadi tujuan dari terbentuknya negara austria itu apa ya?
Article tersebut membahas tujuan nasional yang telah ditetapkan Austria, tetapi tidak benar-benar terpenuhi.
Chinyorwa chacho chinobata nezvinangwa zvenyika izvo Austria yakaisa, asi izvo zvisina kunyatsozadzikiswa.