Nhau dzakaipa

Evha Wegore Idzva muCologne: Mune chaunga pane chinoratidzwa pachiteshi muCologne, pane kurwiswa kwevanhukadzi. Mune nhau, varume vari kutaura nezve "Maodzanyemba eAfrica," uye zviri nyore kufunga kuti vanogona kunge vari kutsvaga imba. Kwemazuva pakupedzisira, mishumo yekufungidzira inoratidzika, vezvenhau vakapopotedzana nehasha, kunzwa kunetseka nezvevapoteri kunopisa. Mazuva mashoma gare gare, mapurisa eCologne akaburitsa chokwadi: Shambadziro ye821 yaive nechekuita nemhosva paNew Year's Eve, vanofungidzirwa kuti 30 vanozivikanwa, kubva ku25 vanobva kuMorocco kana Algeria. Vanofungidzirwa ve15 vaive vatsvaki kutsvaga.

Nhau dzakaipa chete

Tikugashirei kune media media kupenga! "Nhau dzakaipa chete ndedzechokwadi nhau dzakanaka" iri motto mune utori venhau. Iyo inotsanangura musimboti uyo nyaya dzinotengesa chete zvakanaka kana dziripo pane kunetsana kana mamiriro ezvinhu anonetsa. Kugara nevatsvaki kutsvaga: Kubva makumi ezviuru evapoteri paakasvika kuAustria mumakore apfuura, mishumo yakaipa hairegi. VARIMI vekurwa vakaunzwa mukuyerera kwevapoteri, zvakataurwa mushure mekurwiswa kweParis. Utsotsi huri kuwedzera, ndiye musimboti wevazhinji vezvenhau.
Ulf Küch, mukuru weBund deutscher Kriminalbeamter muLower Saxony, anouya kumhedziso mubhuku rake "Soko Asylum": "Chikamu chevapari vemhosva vakapinda kuGermany nevapoteri hachina pamusoro nepakati pane chikamu chematsotsi kuGermany. Kuwanda kwevanhu. "Asi midhiya mazhinji haana kufarira chokwadi, achisarudza kutarisa nhau dzakaipa. Iko kukanganisa kune vatengi vezvenhau kusimudza bvudzi.

"Takagamuchira zvikumbiro zvekutaurira nezvekupaza kumabvazuva kweAustria, nekuti mhosva iripo inoputika." "Takatarisa huwandu hwacho tikawana kuti:" Hachisi chokwadi. "

"Takagamuchira zvikumbiro zvekutaurira nezvekupaza kumabvazuva kweAustria, nekuti mhosva dzakaputika ipapo," anodaro Heidi Lackner, anotarisira chirongwa cheRAF "Am Schauplatz". "Takatarisa huwandu hwatowona uye hatina kuona kuti: Hachisi chokwadi." Muchokwadi, mhosva muVienna mumakore achangopfuura yadonha. Muhafu yekutanga ye2015 maive ne22 muzana mashoma mashoma uye anosvika 81 muzana (zvichienderana nerudzi rwemhosva) zvishoma Mhosva kupfuura gore rakapfuura. Lackner akagumisa kuti: "Kwete mhosva yawedzera, asi manzwiro ekutyisidzira." Nekuti vanhu vanoverenga tabloids dzakasununguka mumigwagwa yepasipasi, uye pane kupaza, umhondi, uye kuponda ndizvo zvoga zvinyorwa. "

maonero

"Hatisi kuona kuti nyika iri kuchinja sei kuti ive yakanaka"
Iyo Sweden yunivhesiti purofesa Hans Rosling akavandudza mumakore e90er iyo inonzi kusaziva bvunzo, iyo inobata nemibvunzo nezvezvikonzero zvepasirese chokwadi chakadai sehurombo, tarisiro yehupenyu kana kugovaniswa mari. Bvunzo dzakatoitwa mune dzimwe nyika uye mhedzisiro yacho yakafanana zvakanyanya: mamiriro ezvinhu epasi rino anofungidzirwa seasina tariro. Semuenzaniso, avhareji yehupenyu hwakatarisirwa pasi rese ndeye 70 makore, asi anopfuura hafu yevakabvunzwa akarova 60 makore. Nhasi, huwandu hwekuverenga kwepasi rose 80 muzana - asi chikamu chimwe chete pazvitatu chevanofungidzirwa vanogona kufunga izvozvo. Vanomwe chete muzana muzana vevaAmerican ne23 muzana yevaSweden vaiziva kuti chikamu chehuwandu hwepasi rose vanogara muhurombo hwakanyanya hwadzika kubva pa1990 uye hauna kupeta zvakapetwa, senge hafu yakatenda. Muchokwadi, hurombo huri kuwira munenge nyika dzese, sezvakaita kuwanda kwevanhu uye kufa kwevana. Hupenyu hwehupenyu uye huwandu hwekuverenga, kune rumwe rutivi, huri kuwedzera. "Vanhu vazhinji kuMadokero, zvisinei, havazivi kuti nyika iri kuchinja nekukurumidza zvakadii," anodaro Rosling, "kazhinji zvakanyanya kuti zvive zvakanaka." Iyo yakapararira pessimism muWest Rosling inobata mubvunzurudzo ye "usimbe hwepfungwa, iyo, nekuti zvese zvinoenda kugehena zvakadaro, zvinosunungura kubva pakuita chimwe chinhu."

Nhau dzakaipa: Factor tabloid mapepanhau

Mutori wenhau anoshanda akasununguka Renate Haiden akashandira iyo yeAustria zuva nezuva kwenguva pfupi uye anoti: "Chinhu chakanyanya kukosha yaive misoro, yakagadziriswa nemukuru-mukuru Wolfgang Fellner. Vaifanira kuve nyore uye nekukurumidza kuverenga, zvirimo zvechinyorwa zvacho hazvina basa. "Haiden akasiya basa mushure menguva pfupi, nekuti vakanzwa kushandira pamwe senge" vasingavongi ". "Munhau yemba macho vaive kunyanya vadiki, vashandi vasina hunyanzvi. "Ndakabatwa semudzidzi wezvaiitika kunyangwe ndaive neruzivo rwebasa."
Zvichida zvakare zvakakonzerwa nemamiriro ezvinhu akadaro kuti vatori venhau havafarirwe nemukurumbira wakanaka paruzhinji: Muongororo yekuvimbika kwemapoka ehunyanzvi, vezvenhau vanogara vachipinda muzvigaro zviri kumashure.

"Chinhu chakanyanya kukosha yaive misoro, zvirimo zvechinyorwa zvacho hazvina basa."
Renate Haiden, aimbova mupepeti wepepanhau rezuva nezuva Österreich

Mameseji anodhirowa pikicha isiriyo

Ongororo ye2015 Forsa yakaomeswa neRTL kuGermany yakaona kuti inoda kusvika hafu yevakabvunzwa vanowana nhau dzezuva nezuva dzakashata: 45 muzana yevakabvunzwa vakati nhau dzeTV "dzakanyanya", 35 muzana inozivikanwa, ivo vakaita TV Nhau Dzinotya 80 Percent Yaida Solutions. Manyorero uye akashata mameseji anogona kukurumidza kutungamira kusava netariro pakati pevaverengi uye vanoona, kune kunzwa kuti havakwanise kuchinja mamiriro anoita seanopisa pasi (ona kubvunzurudzwa). MaAmerican 2.500 maAmerican akabvunzwa kuti aongororwe neredhiyo yeAmerican radio NPR achibatana naRobert Wood Johnson Foundation neHarvard Chikoro cheHutano hwevanhu. Chikamu chevakabvunzwa vakati vakashungurudzika mwedzi wadarika, vachitaura nhau seyakanyanya kukonzera.

Asi chokwadi chakasiyana, sekuratidzwa nevazhinji vezvenhau: vekuCanada, Steve Pinker, anoshanduka wepfungwa paHarvard University, akawana kuti mhirizhonga iri kuramba ichiderera munhoroondo yese. "Mhando dzose dzechisimba: hondo, umhondi, kushungurudzwa, kubata chibharo, mhirizhonga mudzimba," anodaro Pinker, uyo anotaurawo kuti nhau dziri kuratidza mufananidzo usiriyo. "Paunovhura terevhizheni nhau, unongonzwa nezvezvinhu zvaitika." Iwe hauzonzwa mutori wenhau achiti, 'Ndiri kuudza live kubva kuguta rakakura risina hondo yevagari. Chero bedzi huwandu hwechisimba husati hwadzika kusvika zero, pachagara paine hutsinye hwakakwana kuzadza nhau dzemanheru. "
Iyo Sweden yunivhesiti purofesa, Hans Rosling inoratidzawo neyekusaziva bvunzo kuti misoro yakaipa inokanganisa sei mafungiro enyika (ona infobox).

"Izvo zvazvinotora mavara akajeka, dzimwe nzira uye vatungamiriri vatsva."

Solution-yakatarisana uye inovaka vs. Nhau dzakaipa

Pakutanga kwe1970s, future futureologist Robert Jungk aive mafungiro ekuti vatori venhau vanofanirwa kugara vachitaura pamativi ese emari. Vanofanira kuratidza zvichemo, asi zvakare varatidze mhinduro. Iyi ndiyo zvakare hwaro hwekugadziriswa-hwakatarisana kana hwekuvaka utori venhau, hwakabatwa naUlrik Haagerup, mukuru wedhipatimendi reDanish rekushambadzira, akabatsira kuumbwa. Haagerup ari kunyatsotsvaga nzira dzinovaka mumapurogiramu ake enhau anopa vanhu tariro. Vavariro yake ndeyokuratidzira izvo zvese zvirinani pane kungonyora nhau dzakaipa dzezuva. "Nhau dzakanaka dzinoreva kuona nyika nemeso ese," akadaro Haagerup. Pfungwa inoshanda, zviyero zvamuka.
"Kana vezvenhau vakatarisa zvachose uye pamusoro pezvinetso zvepasi rino uye nekutsvaga mhaka, maonero edu epanyika anongova nematambudziko, mhaka uye mifananidzo yemuvengi," anodaro Doris Rasshofer, aimbova mupepeti-mukuru wemagazini yakatarisana nesarudzo "Bicteller" , "Izvo zvazvinotora mavara akajeka, dzimwe nzira uye vatungamiriri vatsva vanoisa pfungwa pakugadzirisa matambudziko," anopedzisa mutori venhau. "Uye inoda kuburitswa kwenhau pairi."

Kutaurirana na Univ.-Prof. Dr. Jörg Matthes mukuru wesangano reInstitute for Journalism uye Communication Science kuYunivhesiti yeVienna

Misoro yakaipa inokanganisa sei nzanga?
Jörg Matthes: Vanhu vanowanzodya nhau dzakaipa vanokahadzika mamiriro ezvinhu maererano nematsotsi kana kutya kunge kwakakura uye kwakakomba kupfuura vamwe. Iyo chaiyo njodzi mamiriro ndeyekuwedzerwa.

Nei midhiya yakawanda yakatarisana nenhau dzisina kunaka?
Matthes: Mharidzo nezvematambudziko dzinonyanya kutaurwa nhau uye dzinodyiwa kupfuura nhau dzakanaka. Munguva yekushanduka-shanduka, isu takarongedzerwa, sokunge zvakadaro, kuti tinzwisise uye kurema ruzivo rwusina kunaka kupfuura hwakanaka, nekuti izvozvo zvakaverengera kupona kwedu.

Vanotsvagurudza vanoti vanhu vazhinji vanoda zvakadarikidza nhau dzakaipa.
Matthes: Zvisinei, kana iwe ukavapa zvakawanda zvakashata senhau dzakanaka, vanhu ava vanozotarisa zvakanyanya pane zvakashata. Izvi zvakare nezve zvekupa uye kudiwa - hazvifeve kuti Koronen Zeitung ndiyo inonyanya kuverenga bepanhau muAustria. Saka iwe haugone kupomera venhau vega nhau dzisina kunaka.

Unofungei nezvokugadziriswa-kwakatangwa kwenhau?
Matthes: Ehe zvine musoro kuti titarise nzira inovaka yenhau uye kwete kusiya vatengi vezvenhau vega nematambudziko enguva yedu. Nekudaro, kutungamira-kwakanangana nekugadziriswa kwekutora nguva kunotora nguva uye kuda zviwanikwa Huwandu hwevanhu pamwe nevezvematongerwo enyika vanofanirwa kuziva kuti izvi hazvisi zvemahara. Nhau dzezvakanaka zvine mutengo wadzo.

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