Tsoa ka har'a oli le khase! Empa sebabole u se fumana kae? | Scientists4Future AT

ka Martin Auer

Tharollo e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e baka mathata a macha. E le ho thibela bothata ba boemo ba leholimo, re tlameha ho emisa ho chesa mashala, oli le khase kapele kamoo ho ka khonehang. Empa hangata oli le khase ea tlhaho li na le 1 ho ea ho 3 lekholong ea sebabole. 'Me sebabole sena sea hlokahala. E leng tlhahisong ea menontsha ea phosphate le ho ntšoa ha litšepe tse hlokahalang bakeng sa theknoloji e ncha e tala, ho tloha tsamaisong ea photovoltaic ho ea ho libeteri tsa likoloi tsa motlakase. 

Lefatše ha joale le sebelisa lithane tse limilione tse 246 tsa sulfuric acid selemo le selemo. Karolo e fetang 80 lekholong ea sebabole e sebelisoang lefatšeng ka bophara e tsoa libeso. Sebabole hajoale ke sehlahisoa sa litšila ho tsoa tlhoekisong ea lihlahisoa tsa khale ho fokotsa mesi ea sulfur dioxide e bakang pula ea asiti. Ho felisa libeso tsena ho tla fokotsa phepelo ea sebabole haholo, ha tlhokeho e tla eketseha. 

Mark Maslin ke Moprofesa oa Earth System Science Univesithing ea London London. Thuto e ileng ea etsoa tlas’a tataiso ea hae[1] e fumane hore karolo ea ho tsoa ka mesaletsa ea lintho tsa khale e hlokahalang ho fihlela sepheo sa net-zero e tla be e haella ho fihla ho lithane tse limilione tse 2040 tsa sebabole ka 320, ho feta kamoo re sebelisang selemo le selemo kajeno. Sena se ne se tla lebisa keketsehong ea theko ea sulfuric acid. Litheko tsena li ka amoheloa habonolo ke liindasteri tse "tala" tse nang le phaello e ngata ho feta bahlahisi ba manyolo. Sena se ne se tla etsa hore menontsha e be theko e phahameng le ho bitsa lijo. Bahlahisi ba banyenyane linaheng tse futsanehileng haholo-holo ba ne ba ka khona ho reka manyolo a fokolang 'me chai ea bona e tla fokotseha.

Sebabole se fumanoa lihlahisoa tse ngata, ho tloha lithaereng tsa koloi ho ea ho pampiri le sesepa sa ho hlatsoa liaparo. Empa ts'ebeliso ea eona ea bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa ke indastering ea lik'hemik'hale, moo sulfuric acid e sebelisetsoang ho senya lisebelisoa tse ngata. 

Khōlo e potlakileng ea litheknoloji tsa khabone e tlase joalo ka libeteri tse sebetsang hantle haholo, lienjine tsa makoloi a bobebe kapa liphanele tsa letsatsi li tla lebisa ho eketseha ha merafo ea liminerale, haholo-holo ores e nang le cobalt le nickel. Tlhokahalo ea cobalt e ka eketseha ka liperesente tse 2 ka 2050, nickel ka liperesente tse 460 le neodymium ka liperesente tse 99. Litšepe tsena kaofela mehleng ena li ntšoa ka bongata bo boholo ba sulfuric acid.
Keketseho ea baahi ba lefatše le mekhoa e fetohang ea ho ja le tsona li tla eketsa tlhokahalo ea asiti ea sulfuric ho tsoa indastering ea manyolo.

Leha ho na le phepelo e ngata ea liminerale tsa sulphate, iron sulphides le elemental sulphur, ho kenyeletsoa le mafika a seretse se chesang, merafo e tla tlameha ho atolosoa haholo ho li ntša. Ho fetola sulfate ho sebabole ho hloka matla a mangata mme ho baka likhase tse ngata tsa CO2 ka mekhoa ea hajoale. Ho ntšoa le ho sebetsa ha liminerale tsa sebabole le sulfide e ka ba mohloli oa tšilafalo ea moea, mobu le metsi, metsi a acidify holim'a metsi le fatše, 'me a ntša chefo e kang arsenic, thallium le mercury. 'Me merafo e matla kamehla e amahanngoa le mathata a litokelo tsa botho.

botjha le botjha

Kahoo mehloli e mecha ea sebabole e sa tsoeng libeso tsa khale e tlameha ho fumanoa. Ntle le moo, tlhoko ea sebabole e tlameha ho fokotsoa ka ho e sebelisa hape le ka lits'ebetso tse ncha tsa indasteri tse sebelisang acid e nyane ea sulfuric.

Ho khutlisa phosphates metsing a litšila le ho a lokisa hore e be manyolo ho ne ho tla fokotsa tlhokahalo ea ho sebelisa sulfuric acid ho lokisa majoe a phosphate. Sena se ne se tla thusa, ka lehlakoreng le leng, ho baballa phepelo e fokolang ea mafika a phosphate, ka lehlakoreng le leng, ho fokotsa ho nontša ho feteletseng ha mehloli ea metsi. Lithunthung tsa algal tse bakoang ke ho nosetsa ho feta tekano li lebisa khaello ea oksijene, ho bipetsa litlhapi le limela. 

Ho tsosolosa libeteri tse ngata tsa lithium le hona ho ka thusa ho rarolla bothata. Ho nts'etsapele libetri le li-motor tse sebelisang litšepe tse fokolang tse fumanehang seoelo le hona ho ka fokotsa tlhoko ea sulfuric acid.

Ho boloka matla a tsosolositsoeng ntle le tšebeliso ea libeteri, ka mekhoa ea theknoloji e kang ho sebelisa moea o hatelitsoeng kapa matla a khoheli kapa matla a kinetic a flywheels le mekhoa e meng e mecha, ho ka fokotsa litlhoko tsa mafura a sulfuric le mesaletsa ea lintho tsa khale le ho khanna decarbonization. Nakong e tlang, libaktheria li ka boela tsa sebelisoa ho ntša sebabole ho tsoa sulfate.

Ka hona, maano a naha le a machaba a tlameha ho ela hloko khaello ea sulphur nakong e tlang ha ho etsoa moralo oa decarbonisation, ka ho khothalletsa ho sebelisoa hape le ho fumana mehloli e meng e nang le litšenyehelo tse tlase tsa sechaba le tsa tikoloho.

Senepe sa sekoahelo: Prasanta Kr Dutta mabapi le Unsplash

E ngotsoe ke Fabian Schipfer

[1]    Maslin, M., Van Heerde, L. & Day, S. (2022) Sulfur: Tlokotsi e ka bang teng ea lisebelisoa e ka sitisang theknoloji e tala le ho sokela polokeho ea lijo ha lefatše le ntse le fokotseha. The Geographical Journal, 00, 1-8. Marang-rang: https://rgs-ibg.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/geoj.12475

Kapa: https://theconversation.com/sulfuric-acid-the-next-resource-crisis-that-could-stifle-green-tech-and-threaten-food-security-186765