kgetho
Amsterdam - Lik'hamphani tsa khase li khanna maano a 'muso a koalang US le Europe boitlamo bo bocha bo kotsi bakeng sa khase ea tlhaho e qhibilihisitsoeng (LNG). Matsete a sechaba ho basebetsi ba poraefete joalo ka Fluxys naheng ea Belgium e bonts'a boholo ba US le Europe ho eka lipheo tsa boemo ba leholimo lefatšeng ka bophara, ha e ntse e lematsa bophelo ba baahi ba boahelani ba lulang haufi le libaka tsa tlhahiso ea US.
Tsena ke tse ling tsa lintlha tsa bohlokoahali tse senotsoeng ho a Phuputso ea Machaba ea Greenpeace e lokollotsoe kajeno. Merero ena ke litholoana tsa basebetsi ba khase ba Europe ba nang le konteraka ea ho eletsa le ho haha lisebelisoa tse ncha. Mokhatlo o batla hore ho felisoe hanghang nts'etsopele ea US le Europe ea likonteraka tsa khase le litšebeletso tsa motheo.⟮1⟯
Anusha Narayanan, hlooho ea morero oa lefats'e oa Greenpeace ho la US ho emisa katoloso ea mafura a khale, o boletse joalo.: "Indasteri ea khase - bahlahisi le basebelisi - e sebelisitse ntoa lipakeng tsa Russia le Ukraine ho sotha lintho tse tlang pele ho maano a US le Europe hole le lipheo tsa boemo ba leholimo ka lipale tse mabapi le ts'ireletso ea matla. Baetapele ba US le Europe ha baa lokela ho thetsoa. Baahi ba voutetse tšireletso e fetolang ea boemo ba leholimo. Mebuso e tlameha ho ba baetapele ntoeng e khahlanong le boemo ba leholimo ’me e se ke ea thetsoa ke basebetsi ba khase ba telang bophelo bo botle le polokeho ea sechaba molemong oa ho eketsa phaello.”
"Phuputso ea rona e senola 'nete ea ts'ebetso ea khoebo le ea lipolotiki bakeng sa ho kenngoa ha khase e ngata ho tloha US ho ea linaheng tsa Europe: ntlha ea bohlokoa ke hore khase ea mesaletsa e tsoela indasteri molemo feela, e litšila, e chefo, ha e hlokahale ebile ha e batlehe.. "
Tlalehong "Ke Mang ea Ruang Molemo Ntoa - Kamoo lik'hamphani tsa khase li ruang molemo kateng ntoeng ea Ukraine"Greenpeace International e pepesitse ho ata ha thepa ea US LNG ho EU ka 2022. Selemong sena sa nalane, EU e fetohile morekisi e moholo ka ho fetisisa oa LNG ho tsoa United States, 'me lik'hamphani tsa matla ho pholletsa le EU le US li imena habeli matsete a tsona a LNG. Ka ho sekaseka pale eohle, Greenpeace International e bonts'a kamoo koluoa ea nako e khuts'oane ea phepelo ea matla e arabiloeng ke karabelo ea nako e telele ea ho aha meaho e mecha e amang tikoloho le sechaba sa lehae sa US le EU le ho buisana ka likonteraka tsa ka ho sa feleng.
Haeba liteishene tsa EU LNG tse ntseng li hahuoa kapa tse reriloeng li ne li ka hlahisoa, sena se ka baka lithane tse limilione tse 950 tsa CO2e ka selemo tse amanang le liteishene tseo. Seo se lumellana le likhase tsa selemo le selemo tsa likoloi tse limilione tse 211.⟮2⟯ Sena se ka beha phetisetso ea matla e hlokahalang kotsing ho fihlela lipehelo tsa boemo ba leholimo tseo ho lumellanoeng ka tsona.
Motheo ona o mocha oa khase o tla nyenyefatsa sepheo sa US, EU le boemo ba leholimo ba lefatše. Mongoli-Kakaretso oa UN Antonió Guterres haufinyane o boletse hore li-blocs ka bobeli li tlameha ho fihlela ho se nke lehlakore ha carbon ka 2040. Sena se hloka phokotseho e potlakileng ea tšebeliso ea khase ea mesaletsa ea lintho tsa khale, e leng se tla fokotsa meralo ea khase e hahiloeng morao tjena le e reriloeng hore e be thepa e tebileng.⟮3⟯ Khatiso ea morao-rao ea International Energy Agency (IEA) e senotse hore tlhokeho ea khase ea mesaletsa ea lintho tsa khale European Union ka limilione tse likete tse 2022. cubic metres ka 55, ho theoha ho hoholo ho fetisisa nalaneng, ho totobatsang ho hloka thuso ha katoloso ea boema-kepe. ⟮4⟯
Tlaleho e boetse e totobatsa litlamorao tsa bohlokoa tsa bophelo bo botle le polokeho eo katoloso ena e nang le eona sechabeng. Linaha tsa Europe li thibetse mekhoa e kang fracking hae, empa khothaletsa mekhoa ena US ho fihlela litlhoko tsa bona tsa matla. Ho ntšoa le ho tsamaisoa ha LNG e chefo Texas, New Mexico, le Louisiana ho felletse ka ho senyeha ha boleng ba moea, metsi a silafetseng, mafu a phefumolohang, mathata a pelehi, le ho eketseha ha sekhahla sa mofetše metseng ena, eo boholo ba eona e leng Batho ba Batšo, ba Brown, Matsoalloa, mme e monyenyane o na le chelete.
John Beard, 'muelli oa molao oa sechaba ea lulang haufi le setsi se seholo sa thepa ea kantle ho naha sa Amerika sa Sabine Pass LNG, setsi se ntseng se hahuoa sa Golden Pass LNG le projeke ea Port Arthur LNG (kaofela ka har'a sebaka sa 10km).: "Merero ena ea LNG e tla lebisa keketsehong e kholo ea mesi ea CO2. Sena se ne se tla ba le liphello tse bohloko bakeng sa polanete le batho. Ha ho na khase ea "tokoloho". E tla le litšenyehelo. Litšenyehelo tseo ke bophelo le bophelo bo botle ba batho ba Kou ea Boroa le litlamorao tse bolaeang tsa boemo ba leholimo lefatšeng ka bophara."
Greenpeace e bitsa mekhatlo ea EU, US le mebuso ea naha:
- Etsa hore EU le lipheo tsa naha tsa phokotso ea khase li tlame, ho kenya ts'ebetsong mehato ea ho sireletsa sechaba se tlokotsing le ho eketsa matsete a sechaba ho matla a tsosolositsoeng, bokhoni le mananeo a nchafatso;
- Thibela nts'etsopele eohle ea merero e mecha ea khase le liliba tse ncha tsa khase ka sepheo sa ho felisa khase hang-hang. ka 2035 haufinyane (Sepheo sa EU);
- ho felisa liteishene tsohle tse ncha tsa LNG le ho thibela merero eohle e mecha le katoloso linaheng tsohle tsa EU le US;
- thibela likonteraka tsohle tsa nako e telele tsa khase;
- emisa ho amohela diporojeke tse ntjha tsa meralo ya motheo le thepa e ntjha;
- felisa litšehetso tsa mafura a mafura;
- Qetella tšoaro e khethehileng ea thahasello ea mafura a mafura 'me u rarolle likhohlano tsa lithahasello leanong la boemo ba leholimo le matla.
Bakeng sa lipotso tse qaqileng tsa US le EU, etela ho Kakaretso tlalehong ea rona.
Malebela
⟮1⟯ Pakeng tsa 2013 le 2020, Europe e sebelisitse li-euro tse limilione tse likete tse 4,5 mererong ea meralo e mecha ea khase e 44, 'me karolo ea 90 lekholong ea chelete e ea ho litho tsa European Network of Transmission System Operators for Gas (ENTSOG), e 'nileng ea lula e hakanya tlhoko ea khase e tlang. . Sheba tlaleho ea rona, lebokose: "Basebelisi ba khase ba etella pele motjeko".
⟮2⟯ Basebelisi ba Europe ba lefa litšenyehelo tse holimo haholo bakeng sa khase ea US, ka bobeli ka lebaka la litheko tse phahameng tsa tlhahiso le lipalangoang le ho fetoha ha litheko limmarakeng tsa lefatše. Batho ba Europe le bona ba e lefella ka lithuso, likheo tsa lekhetho, likalimo tse tšehelitsoeng, litefello le meaho e tšehelitsoeng ka lichelete phatlalatsa e fuoeng lik'hamphani tsa mafura. Lichelete tsena tse se nang kelello li nolofalitse chelete e kenang indastering ea oli le khase - joalo ka ha ho netefalitsoe ke phuputso e ncha ea Prof. Aviel Verbruggen oa Univesithi ea Antwerp, Belgium, le mongoli oa mehleng oa sehlopha sa mebuso e fapaneng mabapi le phetoho ea maemo a leholimo. tlaleho - e batla e imenne ka makhetlo a mararo selemong se fetileng ha e ntse e siea batho ba tloaelehileng ka likoloto tsa matla a holimo. Nakong ea tlhōrō, thomello e le 'ngoe ea LNG ho tloha US ho ea Europe e ka tlisa $200 milione (€182,4 milione) ka phaello.
Quellen: Global Energy Monitor, tlaleho ea Europe Gas Tracker (2023); EPA le GHG Equivalency Calculator; Climate Watch, tlhahiso ea khale ea khase e futhumatsang lefatše
⟮3⟯ Ho tloha ha Lekhotla la Borobeli la Matla lipakeng tsa United States le Khomishene ea EU ka 2018, thepa e romelloang ea LNG ea US ho ea Europe le UK e eketsehile ka 1749%, mme thepa ea US LNG ho la Europe e eketsehile ka 2022 ka 28,8 .2021 bn ka 68,96 ho isa ho 3 bcm ka 2022, keketseho ea 140%. Leha ho le joalo, tlhoko ea khase Europe ha e e-so eketsehe 'me ho lebelletsoe hore e tla fokotseha. Empa le maemong a khoebo joalo ka tloaelo a nang le tlhoko e tsitsitseng ea khase ea EU, lintlafatso tse ncha ha li na thuso. Sheba tlaleho ea rona, likhaolo "Europe e ba moreki oa pele bakeng sa US LNG" le "Lock-in" e sa hlokeheng.
and https://www.politico.eu/article/us-supply-natural-gas-lng-eu-antony-blinken/
⟮4⟯ Mathata a Matla a Europe: Ke Lintho Life Tse Bakileng Rekoto ea Ho oa ha Tlhokahalo ea Khase ea Tlhaho ka 2022?Setsi sa Machaba sa Matla (IEA), la 14 Hlakubele 2023
mohloding
Lifoto: Greenpeace
