Jörg Hinners
Zvinoenderana nekuongororwa kwekufambisa kwakaitwa neCongress Association Holiday uye Kufamba, 2013 40 muzana yevakabvunzwa vakati vanoda zororo rakachena, rine mamiriro ekunze. Gore rapfuura, yaingova chete 31 muzana. Nzvimbo dzinogamuchirika dzemazororo, kureva, kushanda kwakanaka kwekuremekedza uye nekuremekedza vagari venzvimbo iyoyo, vanoshuva zvakanyanya, inodada ye46 muzana.
Chishuwo chedu chekufamba chinokanganisa nyika. Kusvibisa kusimudza uye kushandiswa kwezvinhu zvinopindira mune yakasikwa uye yemagariro machira ega yega nzvimbo yezororo. Izvo zvinofungidzirwa kuti chikamu chekushanya mune zvepasi rose CO2 emissions chatova gumi neshanu muzana gore rino. Saka isu tiri zvishoma zvishoma asi zvirokwazvo kuparadza zvatiri kunyatsotsvaga: nharaunda isina hutano uye inoshanda masystem. Naizvozvo, zororo redu rinotsigirawo shanduko yemamiriro ekunze.
Yemamiriro ekunze anoziva zororo
Neraki, avo avo vanoziva vanoda kurarama sevanogarisana nharaunda sezvinobvira pazororo vanowana zvimwe uye zvakawanda zvinopihwa izvo vanozvishongedza ivo nemazita akadai se "kusimudzira", "zvinyoro" kana "green green". Gore rino pane zvinopfuura zana zvisimbiso uye zvitupa zvakagadzirirwa kucheka nzira kuburikidza nesango rezororo zvinopihwa. Asi hazvisi zvese zvine zvazvinoreva zvakafanana. Vamwe vanongopihwa pasi pechidziro chakasimba, nepo vamwe vachirendeswa zviri nyore nevanozvipa pachavo Shamwari dzeNyika Dzepasi Pose Vienna nemamwe masangano 20 inotungamira kushanya kwekushambadzira marata akasarudzwa zvinoenderana nechinangwa chirevo. Pamusoro peAustria Ecolabel yekushanya MuEurope vanosangana ne "Blue Swallow" uye "CSR" chisimbiso. Zvipawo pasi rose "Pasi Kutarisa"Uye"Green Globe"Kutendeka kutaridzika.
Isu tinokwanisa kuchengetedza zvakatipoteredza nekusarudza mushanyi wedu wekufamba. Kusvika uye kuenda pamwe chete nemutungamiriri panzvimbo yezororo inokonzeresa makota matatu ezvese zvinokuvadza kubuda, nepo pekugara kuchikonzera chete 20 muzana. Ndege inopindirana kubva kuEurope kuenda kuCaribbean chete inokonzera yakakwira CO2 emissions kupfuura iyo munhu mumwe chete anogona kutarisira mune rimwe gore kubva pane yakagadzikana maonero.
Kuvandudza kukanganiswa chete nekugara kwenguva refu. Chero ani zvake anotiza kupfuura 2.000 makiromita anofanirwa kugara anokwana vhiki ina kure. Iwe unongo fanirwa kugona kuzvikwanisira .. Zvinokanganisa mamiriro ekunze zvakare ndiwo maforobha akakurumbira eg nzendo, kazhinji pese paanotorwa nendege. Kana iwe uchida nharaunda yedu, iwe unogona kutora bhazi kana chitima rwendo rwevhiki. Saka pamwe nzira yekufambisa ichave yakachengetedzwa iyo inotyisa kutyisidzirwa nemafungiro - husiku chitima. Nekuda kwekushaiwa kwekudiwa, makambani mazhinji eEuropean ejanji ari kudzima uyu kupa kubva panguva.
Kushanyira kwakasimba kunoda kuti "zvinyoro" kufamba kunezororo. "Alpine Mapeya", amburera mhando ye29 alpine nzvimbo dzekuzorora munyika nhanhatu, inoratidza kuedza kwayo munzvimbo ino. E-bikes uye mota dzemagetsi zvinowanikwa mumataundi, kune Segways uye e-scooters. Zvinogumbura, mueni anokumbirwa kunetseka nezve chimiro chezororo rake uye kana zvichiita afambe nechitima. Mumwe munhu anotora-sevhisi inorongwa nemahofisi evashanyi. Chero ani zvake achiri kudya chikafu chemuno, anofarira tsika yematunhu uye anoita zvemitambo pasina rubatsiro rwemagetsi enjini, zvechokwadi mugadziri wezororo.
Mamiriro ekunze emapoka emapoka ekufambira
Makambani ezvekushanya anoziva kuti ivo nevatengi vavo havasi ivo chete vanobatsira mukushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze, vachatofanirawo kutakura mhedzisiro yazvo. Ngazvive izvo zvakavharwa nesinou inovhara munzvimbo dzakadzika dzemakomo haizovepo mune ramangwana kana kuti mvura ichashaikwa kunzvimbo dzekumaodzanyemba kwenzvimbo. "Shanduko yemamiriro ekunze inonetsa kune vafambisi vakuru: Kune rumwe rutivi, vanoziva kuti kuchengetedza mamiriro ekunze kwakakosha munguva refu yekuchengetedza chigadzirwa chavo uye budiriro yezvehupfumi. Kune rimwe divi, dziviriro inoshanda yemamiriro ekunze ingareva kumisikidzwa kwekutanga kweye yavo bhizinesi modhi. Kuwedzera kwakarongeka kwenzvimbo dzinonyanya kudiwa, senge nendege-refu kana zororo pfupi, hazvifanire kusundidzirwa mberi muchimiro ichi. Nekuda kwekumanikana pamusika uye kufunga kwenguva pfupi kwekuita purofiti, vanoita sarudzo muindastiri vanoramba nzira dze "chaiyo" dzekudzivirira mamiriro ekunze.
"Nekuda kwekumanikidzwa kwemusika pamwe nekufunga kwenguva pfupi, vanoita sarudzo muindastiri vachiri kuramba vachisiya nzira dzekudzivirira dzemamiriro ekunze."
Andreas Zotz, Kudzidza "Kusimba mukushanya"
TUI, ine shanduko inodarika 15 bhiriyoni euros hombe yevashanyi muEurope, haisati yasimbisa yayo "yekusimudzira manejimendi". Harald Zeiss anotungamira nharaunda ino. Anoti: "Kunyangwe zvinogara zvichiderera zve-capita mweya unowanikwa kuburikidza nekuvandudza nguva dzose mukushandiswa kwendege, kupisa parafini hakugoneki kunounza mhepo inodziya. Izvo zvakafanana zvinoshanda kune yekugara hotera uye kutamiswa kubva kuairport kune hotera uye kumashure. "Pano futi, mweya wakawedzerwa unogadzirwa."
TUIfly inoedza kuve inobudirira sezvinobvira nenzira yechizvino ngarava uye kushandiswa kwepamusoro kwesimba, iyo isingangodziviriri nharaunda, asiwo mari yerejista yekambani. Zvakare, Iyo Boka inopa mapaki ezvitima kuitira kutiza inosanganisirwa uye inotarisira kuti vatengi vayo vari munzira kuenda kuairport vanosiya mota. TUI inotoenda nhanho imwe zvakare uye inodzorera rwendo rwebhizinesi revashandi vese veTUI Germany, inoitwa nendege. Nekuda kweizvozvo, 40.000 Euro ichaiswawo gore rimwe nerimwe muzvirongwa zvekuchengetedza mamiriro ekunze. Iyo nheyo yakavakirwa muSwitzerland uye inoronga emaprojekiti ekudzivirira emamiriro ekunze kupota nyika.
Kuzeza kana kuita zvakanaka?
Austrian Airlines yakazvipirawo pakudzivirira zvakatipoteredza. Asi ivo vanoita sevasiri kuda kushambadza izvozvo zvinogumbura. Avo chete vanotsvaga kwenguva yakareba pane webhusaiti ndivo vanozopedzisira vawana zano iri: "Isu tinotsigira chirongwa chekuchengetedza mamiriro ekunze Climate Austria. Naizvozvi, vatakuri vedu vanogona kutobhadharira mweya ye CO2 nokuzvidira kunogadzirwa nendege yavo pavanenge vachitenga matikiti. "Asi vangani vanopfuura vanoshandisa ichi chekupa? "Vaviri kusvika vatatu muzana muzana," anobvuma Andrea Stockinger, maneja wepurojekiti kuClimate Austria, "Tendency inokwira zvishoma".
Havasi vese shamwari dzemamiriro ekunze vanofara nezvenzira iyi yekubhadharwa. "Kubhadhara kwekuzvidira muripo wemakiromita emhepo chete ndiyo mhinduro yechipiri yakanakisa," anodaro Dr. Christian Baumgartner, Maneja Dhairekitori weSourcefriends International. Vamwe vanotsoropodza vanotoshora CO2 muripo wemubhadharo sechibvumirano chekuputitsa, nekuti muripo unongoderedza asi haugone kudzikisa kuwedzera kwe CO2 kubviswa. Chinhu chakanakisa chingaitwa pasina ndege dzemahara zvachose. Mushure mezvose, kufamba kwemhepo kuenda kumazororo haisi kodzero yakakosha, asi chete maruva enharaunda yakapfuma, kutanga mumakore e70 yezana zana apfuura. Asi hazvisi nyore. Tourism inzvimbo yakakosha yehupfumi munyika zhinji dzichiri kusimukira. Ndokusaka zvakakosha kudzikisira zvakashata zvakashata mhedzisiro uye kusimudzira mamiriro ehupfumi akanaka. Semuenzaniso, muna Ndira 2014, UN General Assembly yakataura kuti kushanya kwakasimba muCentral America kwaita injini yekubvisa hurombo, "mbiru yakakosha yekubatana kwedunhu, injini yekusimudzira munharaunda neupfumi hwenzvimbo." Iwo makuru makambani ekufambisa anogona kukurudzira izvi. Either kuburikidza neyakagadzikana zororo inopa mumatunhu aya kana pane-saiti kuvandudza mapurojekiti.
Zvirongwa zvemamiriro ekunze uye kuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza
Muenzaniso wakanaka weichi chirongwa chekudyarwa kwemiti kubva myclimate muNicaragua. Mutaundi reSan Juan de Limay, varimi vadiki vange vachidzorera mahekita akawanda kupfuura 2011 kubva 643, inoenderana ne900 nhabvu nhabvu. myclimate inokoshesa kukosha kweprojekiti kuve yakanyanya kukwirira sezvo nzvimbo yeprojekit ndeimwe yemvura yakakosha munharaunda, inotambura nekushomeka kwemvura nemwaka. Iyo nzvimbo yakatambanudzwa yedondo inoita senge chipanje. Munguva yekunaya, inotora mvura uye nokudaro inodzora mafashama; mumwaka wekunaya, unosunungura.
Iyo yakatsaurwa yezvekuvaka chirongwa zvakare inogovera simba-inobudirira cook stoves ne fireplaces, iyo inoderedza zvakanyanya hutsi hweutsi hwepamba, huri pamusoro pese hunobatsira kune hutano hwevakadzi.
Kuvandudza mararamiro, kuchengetedza hunhu mutsika munyika dzinotambira, kuchengetedza nharaunda nemamiriro ekunze, uye kuchengetedza zvipenyu zvakasiyana zvakare Misoro yakakosha kune yechipiri yeboka revashanyi vekuEurope, Thomas Cook. Nzvimbo zhinji dzemasaiti inoshanya inowanikwa munzvimbo dzakaoma. Pamwe chete neiyo chirongwa chekusimudzira Futouris, Thomas Cook ari kuita chirongwa che "Anokosha Mvura" gore rino.
Muchikamu chekutanga muzhizha 2014, zvakadzama "tsoka dzemvura" dzinozogadzirirwa mahotera gumi nemaviri aThomas Cook pachitsuwa cheGreek cheRhodes. Iyi "tsoka dzemvura" inoitirwa kuratidza kugona kwemvura uye kuchengetedza mutengo. Mukuwedzera kune "yakananga" mvura yekushandisa, iyo "isina kunanga" kunwa, kunoitika, semuenzaniso, mukugadzirwa kwechikafu chehotera mune mamwe mativi epasi, inosanganisirwa mukuongorora. Mhedzisiro yacho ibhuku repasi rose rekutarisira mvura iro rinoitirwa kuti rishande segwara uye chengetedzo kune ese mahotera emafungiro. Muchikamu chechipiri cheprojekti, mazano anoitwa kune mamwe maitiro ekuvandudza. Mahotera akagadzirira kuita izvi anogamuchira kudzidziswa kwekutarisira mvura kwevashandi uye zvigadzirwa zvekuziva kwevaenzi. Zvinoenderana nechirevo, ita zvakanaka uye utaure nezvazvo. Ndiyo nzira iyo vatengi vanonakidzwa nezororo rakasimba?
Zororo: mutoro wemufambi
Around 20 muzana yevafambi inofanira kunge iri kuda kubhadhara zvakanyanya kune zororo rakagadzikana. Chero zvazviri, theoretically. Mukuita, zvisinei, izvo zvinhu zuva, zororo uye mutengo ndizvo zvikonzero zvakakosha kusarudza nzvimbo yekuenda kuzororo kana fomu yezororo. "Vatengi havana kugadzirira kushandisa mari yakawanda pazororo rinogadzikika," anodaro Ury Steinweg, maneja maneja emubatsiri pakufamba kwekudzidza Gebeco. Zvakangodaro, iye anoona imwe pfungwa: "Nezvimwe zvakafanana, mutengi anosarudza asi panzvimbo yezvakaramba zviripo."
"Nezvimwe zvakafanana, mutengi anosarudza asi pane izvo zvinogadzikana."
Ury Steinweg, Gebeco
Kuvimbika kuchaita basa rakakosha. Vatsoropodzi vanofarira kutaura nezve greenwashing kana izvo zvakashambadzirwa zvakanyanya zviitiko zvemamiriro ekunze zvinopera zvikaita zvishoma kana zvisina kunaka pamamiriro ekunze uye nharaunda. Zvimwe zvirongwa zvekudyara masango zvinowira muchikamu ichi chero miti yakadyarwa yatemwa kuti igadzirwe fenicha. Kamwe kukanganiswa kwakakuvara hakugone kuchinjaniswa ne CO2 yekubhadhara matanho zvakadaro.
Mamiriro ekunze: Kufamba nenzira ine zvivi
Iko kutarisa kwakaomarara kwakakodzerawo kune vafambisi vengarava. Mazhinji emahotera anoyerera mega anounza simba rawo nemafuta anorema, chigadzirwa chinotengeswa chemafuta maindasitiri, iyo isingori chete inopusa, asiwo carcinogenic uye inokuvadza izvo genetic zvinhu. Imwe yakachena inogona kunge iri LNG ngarava, asi kusimudzira kwakadaro hakugone nemidziyo yekare. Uye saka ngarava inofamba yakafambiswa nengarava inobhururuka ichidurura marara akawanda parwendo rumwe chete semotokari dzemamirioni mashanu munzira yakafanana. Izvi zvakaverengerwa neCommon Conservation Union Germany - hatisi kunyatsoita mamiriro ekunze. Vaya vachiri kuda zviteshi zvengarava zviri kure vanogona kutsvaga ngarava dzine gasi echinyakare dzakanyorwa kana bhuku nebhuku nerurefu zvakanyanya parwendo rwechikepe.
Kekutanga kwenguva inopfuura bhirioni yekune dzimwe nyika zororo yakaverengera nyika Tourism 2012. Uye mune ramangwana vanhu vazhinji vanozofamba. Saka ngatifungei zvishoma nezve nharaunda uye mamiriro ekunze pakuronga kwekuzorora. Ngatikuudzei, nekuti zororo rinogadzirika rinogoneka uye rinodhura. Kufamba netsoka paDanube. Nebhasikoro kune iyo Adriatic. Kana kurova kuenda kuIndia. Isu tinacho mumaoko edu pachedu.
Photo / Video: Shutterstock, MyClimate.
