IGreenpeace Ibhekene Nohambo Lwezimayini Olujulile Lwasolwandle ePacific Ocean | IGreenpeace int.

I-Eastern Pacific, Mashi 26, 2023 - Izishoshovu ezivela kuGreenpeace International zime ngokuthula zibhekene nomkhumbi wocwaningo waseBrithani u-James Cook emanzini aseMpumalanga ye-Pacific njengoba ubuya ohambweni lwamasonto ayisikhombisa lungena endaweni eseceleni yoLwandlekazi i-Pacific owawuhlelelwe ukumba izimayini ezijulile zolwandle. Isishoshovu sagibela eceleni komkhumbi onyakazayo ukuze embule isibhengezo esibhalwe ukuthi "Say No to Deep Sea Mining" kuyilapho izishoshovu ezimbili ze-Indigenous Māori zibhukuda phambi kwe-RRS James Cook, enye nefulegi lama-Māori kanti enye inefulegi elilodwa elinombhalo. "Don Mine not the Moiana". [1]

“Njengoba kushuba ukushuba kwesimo sezombusazwe mayelana nokuthi kuvunyelwe yini ukumba izimayini ezijulile olwandle, izithakazelo zezohwebo olwandle ziqhubekela phambili njengokungathi sekwenziwe isivumelwano. Njengokungathi ukuthumela umkhumbi kwakungeyona into ecasulayo ngokwanele ukuvumela ukucekelwa phansi okuqhubekayo kwesimiso semvelo sethu, kuyinhlamba enonya ukuthumela lowo oqanjwe ngegama lekoloni lasePacific eladuma kakhulu. Sekuyisikhathi eside abantu basePacific bengabandakanywa ezinqumweni ezithinta izindawo zethu namanzi. Ngaphandle uma ohulumeni bevimba le mboni ukuthi iqale, izinsuku zobumnyama emlandweni ziyoziphinda. Silahla ikusasa ngezimayini ezijulile zolwandle", kusho uJames Hita, isishoshovu saseMāori kanye nomholi wasePacific womkhankaso wezimayini ezijulile zolwandle weGreenpeace International.

Izithunywa ezivela kohulumeni bamazwe njengamanje zihlangene e-International Seabed Authority (ISA) e-Kingston, Jamaica ukudingida ukuthi ngabe le mboni ebhubhisayo angathola ukukhanya okuluhlaza kulo nyaka [2]. Khonamanjalo, inkampani yezimayini ezisogwini lolwandle i-UK Seabed Resources isebenzisa uhambo luka-RRS James Cook - oluxhaswe ngemali yomphakathi evela e-UK - ukuthatha ezinye izinyathelo zokuqala izivivinyo zezimayini ngaphambi kokuba kuphothulwe izingxoxo [3].

Uhambo lwe-RRS James Cook, olwaziwa nge-Smartex (Seabed Mining And Resilience To EXperimental Impact) [3], luphethwe e-UK yi-Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) nozakwethu abafana ne-Natural History Museum, British Geological Survey kanye ne-JNCC. kanye nenani lamanyuvesi aseBrithani axhaswe ngemali esidlangalaleni. I-UK ixhasa ezinye zezindawo ezinkulu zokuhlola izimayini zasolwandle, 133.000 km embozwe yoLwandlekazi iPacific.

Bangaphezu kuka-700 ososayensi abavela emazweni angama-44 asebephumelele ngokumelene nemboni ukusayina Incwadi evuliwe edinga ukuthi kumiswe isikhashana. “Izinto eziphilayo zasolwandle kanye nezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo ziyehla futhi manje akusona isikhathi esifanele sokuqala ukuxhashazwa kwezimboni ekujuleni kolwandle. Kudingeka isimemezelo sokumisa ukuze sisinike isikhathi sokuqonda ngokugcwele umthelela ongaba khona wezimayini ezijulile zolwandle ukuze senze isinqumo sokuthi siqhubeke. Ngokwami, angisethembi lutho kubaphathi be-ISA abakhona njengamanje ukuthi bathathe lesi sinqumo futhi kucace bha ukuthi abantu abambalwa, beqhutshwa yizimfuno zezomnotho, bahlanekezele inqubo okufanele imele izimfuno zabo bonke abantu.” kusho u-Alex Rogers, onguSolwazi weBiology e-Oxford University kanye noMqondisi wezeSayensi e-REV Ocean.

I-Smartex expedition yavakashela enye yalezi zindawo ezinelayisensi yokuhlola futhi yabuyela ezindaweni lapho ukumba izimayini zahlolwa kusenesikhathi kwenzeka ngo-1979 ukuze kuqashwe imiphumela yesikhathi eside yezimayini. IGreenpeace International icela ukuba yonke imininingwane emayelana nomthelela wokumbiwa olwandle ku-ecosystem eminyakeni engama-44 edlule yenziwe itholakale ukuze yazise ohulumeni engxoxweni emhlanganweni oqhubekayo we-ISA.

Inkampani yezimayini zasolwandle i-UK Seabed Resources inguzakwethu wephrojekthi ye-Smartex futhi iwebhusayithi yenkampani engumzali yangaphambili ithi lolu hambo "isigaba esilandelayo sohlelo lwayo lokuhlola” – okwenza kube isinyathelo esidingekile sokuhlola izimayini ezihleliwe zeNkampani ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kulo nyaka [4] [5].

Akukhona okokuqala ukuthi ukukhathazeka kuphakanyiswe emihlanganweni ye-ISA mayelana nokuhlukanisa phakathi kocwaningo oluhloselwe ukuthuthukisa ukuqonda komuntu ulwandle olujulile nemisebenzi yokuhlola yokumbiwa kwezimayini ekujuleni kolwandle. A Incwadi esayinwe ososayensi be-deep-sea engama-29yethulwe emhlanganweni we-ISA odlule, yathi: “Ulwandle lwamazwe ngamazwe lungowethu sonke. Siyaliqaphela ilungelo nomthwalo wemfanelo wokufunda izimiso zolwandle olujulile ukuze kuzuze ulwazi lomuntu. Ucwaningo lwesayensi lokuqonda ukuthi i-ecosystem ejulile yolwandle lusebenza kanjani futhi lusekele izinqubo ezibalulekile luhlukile emisebenzini eyenziwa ngaphansi kwezinkontileka zokuhlola ezinikezwe i-International Seabed Authority.”

Izingxoxo emhlanganweni we-ISA ziyaqhubeka kuze kube umhla zingama-31 kuNdasa. Osomaqhinga bangesonto eledlule usole inhloko ye-ISA, uMichael Lodge, ngokulahlekelwa ukuchema okudingwa yisikhundla sakhe und Ukugxambukela ekuthathweni kwezinqumo zikahulumeni kwa-ISA ukusheshisa izimayini.

QEDA

Izithombe namavidiyo ayatholakala LAPHA

Amazwi

[1] Kubantu basePacific, ikakhulukazi ezinganekwaneni zaseTe Ao Māori, iMoana ihlanganisa ulwandle ukusuka emachibini angamatshe angashoni kuya ekujuleni kolwandle oluphakeme. I-Moiana ulwandle. Futhi ngokwenza kanjalo, ikhuluma ngobudlelwano bangaphakathi bonke abantu basePacific abanabo namaMoana.

[2] Izinkontileka ezingama-31 zokuhlola ukusebenza kwezimayini ezijulile zolwandle, ezithatha indawo engaphezu kwamakhilomitha-skwele ayisigidi emhlabeni womhlaba, zinikezwe i-International Seabed Authority (ISA). Amazwe acebile abusa ukuthuthukiswa kwezimayini ezijulile zasolwandle futhi axhasa amalayisense okuhlola angu-18 kwangu-31. I-China iphethe ezinye izinkontileka ezi-5, okusho ukuthi ingxenye yesine kuphela yezinkontileka zokuhlola eziphethwe amazwe asathuthuka. Asikho isizwe sase-Afrika esixhasa ukuhlola amaminerali olwandle olujulile futhi yi-Cuba kuphela evela esifundeni sase-Latin America exhasa ngokwengxenye ilayisense njengengxenye yenhlanganisela yezizwe ezi-5 zase-Europe.

[3] Lolu hambo luyingxenye yohlelo lokuhlola lwenkampani yezimayini zasolwandle yaseBrithani, ngokusho kwewebhusayithi yenkampani, ne inkampani 2020 umbiko ofingqiwe wezemvelo Imininingwane yokubandakanyeka kwe-UK Seabed Resources ku-Smartex kusukela ekuqaleni kanye nokubhekisela "ekuzibophezeleni okubalulekile" kwenkampani kuphrojekthi. Isifiso seNkampani sokusuka ekuhloleni siye ekuxhashazweni sibonakala embikweni we-UK Seabed Resources izimfuno zomphakathi zokuthi ohulumeni bavumele ukumbiwa kwezimayini olwandle ngokushesha okukhulu. Abasebenzi ababili be-UK Seabed Resources, okuhlanganisa noMqondisi wayo uChristopher Willams, bakhona ohlwini njengengxenye yethimba lephrojekthi ye-Smartex. Laba abamele izinkampani zezimayini baphinde bathamela izingxoxo ze-International Seabed Authority njengengxenye yethimba likaHulumeni wase-UK (USteve Persall ngo-2018Nokho, uChristopher Williams izikhathi eziningana yokugcina ngoNovemba 2022). Lolu hambo luvula indlela yokuthi inkampani yezimayini yase-British deep-sea ihlole imishini yezimayini ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngo-2023. uhambo lokulandelela oluhleliwe ngo-2024 ngemva kokuhlolwa kwezimayini

[4] UKSR kuchaziwe ushintsho lwayo lwakamuva lobunikazi njengengxenye yokusuka emisebenzini yokuhlola "kuya endleleni ethembekile yokuxhashazwa," nakuba isinqumo sokuvula ulwandle siye kwezimbiwa phansi silele kohulumeni. Loke, inkampani yaseNorway ethenga i-UKSR, ichaze lesi sinyathelo ngokuthi "Ukuqhubeka kwemvelo kokubambisana okuqinile okukhona phakathi kwe-UK neNorway embonini kawoyela negesi yasolwandle".

[5] UKSR kwaba, kuze kube muva nje, ephethwe yinkampani yase-UK yenkampani yase-US i-Lockheed Martin. NgoMashi 16, iLoke Marine Minerals yamemezela ukutholwa kwe-UKSR. Usihlalo weLoke uHans Olav Hide uthe Reuters: “Sinemvume kaHulumeni wase-UK… Inhloso yethu ukuqala ukukhiqiza kusukela ngo-2030.”