Xulashada
Heshiiska Cagaaran ee Yurub wuxuu bartilmaameedsanayaa inuu kordhiyo beerashada organic ilaa 2030% guud ahaan EU marka la gaaro 25, isticmaalka iyo khatarta sunta cayayaanka iyo in laga ilaaliyo aagagga xasaasiga ah saamaynta xun ee sunta cayayaanka ayaa ka dhigaysa sunta cayayaanka dabiiciga ah ee loo oggol yahay beerashada dabiiciga ah mawduuc sii kordhaya xiisaha siyaasadeed. Laakiin halka qaar ay u arkaan beddelaad rajo leh oo loo isticmaali karo sunta cayayaanka kiimikaad lagu farsameeyey ee sunta dabiiciga ah, kuwa sameeya sunta cayayaanka sida Bayer, Syngenta ama Corteva ayaa ka digaya. si cad u ka dhanka ah "ganacsiga deegaanka ee la xidhiidha kororka beerashada organic" sida "kor u kaca guud ahaan isticmaalka sunta cayayaanka ee Yurub."
Magaca IFOAM Organics Europe, dallada Yurub ee beeralayda organic, GLOBAL 2000 waxay duldhigtay iskahorimaadka yoolalka ee lagu eedeeyay hal mar. Hubinta Xaqiiqda. Dhexdeeda, farqiga u dhexeeya 256 sunta cayayaanka ee loo isticmaalo beeraha caadiga ah iyo 134-da sunta cayayaanka ee sidoo kale loo oggol yahay beeralayda dabiiciga ah ayaa lagu falanqeeyay iyada oo la eegayo khatarahooda iyo khatarahooda iyo sidoo kale inta jeer ee isticmaalkooda. Qiimaynta sunta ah ee hoose ayaa markii dambe lagu daabacay joornaalka sayniska ee "Toxics". la daabacay. Kala soocida khatarta Nidaamka Caalamiga ah ee Is-waafajinta (GHS) ee ay qeexday Wakaaladda Kiimikada Yurub (EChA) iyo qiimaha tixraaca caafimaadka nafaqeynta iyo shaqada ee ay qeexday Hay'adda Badbaadada Cunnada Yurub (EFSA) ee nidaamka oggolaanshaha ayaa u adeegay sidii halbeeg u ah isbarbardhigga.
Farqiga dabiiciga ah iyo kan caadiga ah oo aad u muhiim ah
256 ka mid ah inta badan maaddooyinka synthetic ee firfircoon ee ku jira sunta cayayaanka ee loo ogol yahay kaliya beeraha caadiga ah, 55% waxay wataan calaamado caafimaad ama khataro deegaan; 134 ka maaddooyinka firfircoon ee dabiiciga ah ee loo oggol yahay beerashada organic, waa 3% oo keliya. Digniinaha ku saabsan waxyeelada suurtagalka ah ee ilmaha uurka ku jira, kansarka la tuhunsan yahay ama saamaynta dilaaga ah ee ba'an ayaa laga helay 16% sunta cayayaanka ee loo isticmaalo beeraha caadiga ah, laakiin ma jirto sunta cayayaanka oo leh ogolaansho dabiici ah. EFSA waxay tixgelisay go'aaminta qiimaha tixraaca nafaqada iyo caafimaadka shaqada inay ku habboon tahay 93% maaddooyinka firfircoon ee caadiga ah laakiin kaliya 7% kuwa dabiiciga ah.
"Farqiga aan helnay ayaa ah mid muhiim ah maadaama ay yihiin kuwo aan la yaab lahayn markaad si dhow u eegto asalka maaddooyinka firfircoon ee sunta cayayaanka," ayuu yidhi. Helmut Burtscher-Schaden, Biochemist oo ka socda GLOBAL 2000 iyo qoraaga hormuudka ka ah daraasadda: "Iyadoo ku dhawaad 90% sunta cayayaanka caadiga ah ay asal ahaan yihiin kiimiko-synthetic oo ay mareen barnaamijyo baadhis ah si loo aqoonsado walxaha leh sunta ugu sareysa (iyo waxtarka ugu sarreeya) ee ka dhanka ah noolaha la beegsanayo, inta badan maaddooyinka firfircoon ee dabiiciga ah gabi ahaanba maahan run ahaantii. ku saabsan walxaha, laakiin ku saabsan noolaha noolaha. Kuwani waxay ka yihiin 56% 'daawoyinka-cayayaanka noolaha' ee la ansixiyay. Sida deganayaasha ciidda dabiiciga ah, ma laha sifooyin maaddooyin khatar ah. 19% dheeraad ah oo ka mid ah dawooyinka sunta-cayaaraha ayaa lagu sifeeyay mudnaanta sida "waxyaabaha firfircoon ee khatarta yar" (tusaale, baking soda) ama loo oggolaaday sida alaabta ceeriin (tusaale, saliid gabbaldayaha, khal, caanaha)."
Beddelka sunta cayayaanka
Jan Plagge, Madaxa IFOAM Organics Europe faallooyinka sida soo socota: "Way caddahay in maaddooyinka firfircoon ee synthetic ee loo oggol yahay beeraha caadiga ah ay aad uga khatar badan yihiin kana dhib badan yihiin maaddooyinka firfircoon ee dabiiciga ah ee loo oggol yahay beerashada dabiiciga ah. Beeraha dabiiciga ah waxay diiradda saaraan tallaabooyinka ka-hortagga ah sida isticmaalka noocyada adag, wareegyada dalagga macquulka ah, ilaalinta caafimaadka ciidda iyo kordhinta kala duwanaanshaha noolaha ee berrinka si looga fogaado isticmaalka dibadda. Sababtan awgeed, wax sunta cayayaanka ah looma isticmaalo ku dhawaad 90% dhulka beeralayda (gaar ahaan beeralayda), mana jiraan walxo dabiici ah. Haddii cayayaanka si kastaba ha ahaatee ay helaan gacanta sare, isticmaalka cayayaanka faa'iido leh, microorganisms, pheromones ama deterrents waa doorashada labaad ee beeralayda organic. Cayayaanka dabiiciga ah sida macdanta naxaasta ama baaruudka, budada dubista ama saliidaha khudradda ayaa ah meesha ugu dambaysa ee dalagyada gaarka ah sida miraha iyo khamriga.
Jennifer Lewis, Agaasimaha Isutagga Soosaarayaasha Ilaalinta Dalagga Nafleyda (IBMA) Waxa loola jeedaa "awoodda aadka u weyn" ee sunta cayayaanka dabiiciga ah iyo hababka maanta loo heli karo beeralayda caadiga ah iyo kuwa dabiiciga ah. "Waxaan u baahanahay inaan dedejinno habka ansixinta ee xakamaynta cayayaanka noolaha si alaabooyinkan ay u helaan dhammaan beeralayda Yurub. Tani waxay taageeri doontaa u-guurka u gudubka nidaam cunto oo waara, kala duwanaanshiyaha noolaha sida lagu qeexay Heshiiska Cagaaran ee Yurub.
Lili Balogh, Madaxweynaha Agroecology Yurub iyo beeraley waxa ay ku nuuxnuuxsaday: “Hirgelinta istiraatijiyadda Farm to Fork iyo istiraatijiyada kala duwanaanshaha noolaha ee leh yoolalkooda yaraynta sunta cayayaanka ayaa lagama maarmaan u ah in la dhiso nidaamyada cuntada ee adkeysi leh, agroecological Yurub. Hadafka beeralaydu waa in uu ahaado in la horumariyo kala duwanaanshaha noolaha iyo adeegyada deegaanka ee la xidhiidha intii suurtogal ah, si isticmaalka agabka dibadda ahi u noqdo gaboobay. Tallaabooyinka ilaalinta dhirta ka-hortagga iyo dabiiciga ah, sida noocyada kala duwan ee noocyada iyo noocyada, qaab-dhismeedka yar-yar iyo ka fogaanshaha sunta cayayaanka ee synthetic, waxaan abuureynaa nidaam beero iyo cunto waara oo si fiican uga badbaada dhibaatooyinka."
Xiriirinta/soo dejinta:
- Duubista shirka jaraa’id (YouTube)
- Daraasad cilmiyeed si loo barbardhigo sunta cayayaanka caadiga ah iyo kuwa dabiiciga ah
- Codsi “Sunta shinnida. Sun kugu ah."
Photo / Video: Global 2000.
