He aha ia e hauʻoli ai ka Danes?

"ʻO Denemaka a me Norewada nā ʻāina e hilinaʻi nui loa ai nā poʻe ʻē aʻe."
Christian Bjørnskov, University of Aarhus

Hiki i kekahi ʻāina ke hoʻokō i nā pono ponoʻī o kona poʻe kamaʻāina? Hāʻawi paha ia i nā kūlana no nā poʻe a me nā kaiāulu e hoʻomaikaʻi a mālama i ko lākou pono? A ʻaʻohe kūpono i nā kamaʻāina āpau e hoʻokauʻokoʻa piha i ko lākou hiki? ʻO kēia nā nīnau a ka ʻimi ʻĀlelo Hoʻohālikelike (SPI) e pane i kēlā me kēia makahiki no ka nui o nā mokuʻāina ma ka honua a puni e like me kahi paʻakikī-aʻo noi. No Denemaka hiki iā ʻoe ke pane i kēia mau nīnau ma ke ʻano aʻe: ʻAe! Ae! Ae!

No laila ua hōʻea ʻo Denmark i 2017 kahi poʻokela o ka SPI. ʻO ka mea maoli, ʻaʻole ia he mea kupanaha, kākau nā mea kākau i ka "Social Progress Index" i kā lākou hōʻike. Ua mahalo lōʻihi ʻo Denmark i kona hoʻokō kūleʻa a me kona kūlana kiʻekiʻe o ke ola. I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o 2017, ma mua o ka hoʻopuka ʻia ʻana o ka SPI, ua hoʻolaha ʻia ke ʻano "maʻamau Danish" e nā ʻelele kanaka e ʻōlelo ʻana i ka Kelemania he ʻano hou loa o ka manawa: "Hygge" (i haʻi ʻia aʻe) he kāhea iā ia iho a hiki ke unuhi ʻia "Gemütlichkeit". Noho ʻoe ma ka home a i ke ʻano pū me ka ʻohana a me nā hoa aloha, ʻai a inu pū maikaʻi, kamaʻilio a hauʻoli wale nō. I ke kauwela, hiki i kahi moʻoʻī kahi inoa like loa i ke kālepa i Kelemānia, kahi e ʻike ai i nā poʻe he nui.

"Ua ʻōlelo kekahi kanaka aloha iā mākou Danes no ka mea hauʻoli loa mākou no ka mea he haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa mākou," wahi a Dane Klaus Pedersen me nā mea leʻaleʻa. ʻO Klaus ʻo 42 mau makahiki he nui, e noho ana ʻo Aarhus, ke kūlanakauhale lua loa o Denmark, a ʻimi ʻoihana i kahi hui kiʻi ʻoniʻumi mau makahiki he ʻumi. ʻ I'mlelo ʻia ʻo ia, "ʻoluʻolu wau i koʻu ola," ʻO ka mea wale nō e kāhea wale ai iaʻu ma Tenemaka ʻo nā ʻauhau nui a me ke ʻano. "ʻAʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke loli i ke ʻano, eia naʻe he mau kukui, nā lāliʻi a me" Hygge ", e nānā i luna. A me ka auhau?

"Ma Tenemaka a me Noremona, 70 ka nui o nā pane i ʻōlelo ʻia e hiki ke hilinaʻi ʻia ka hapa nui o ka poʻe, me 30 ka pakeneka wale nō i ke koena o ka honua."

ʻIke ʻia ʻo Tenemaka i kahi ukana hoʻolimalima koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi, akā ma OECD huaʻōlelo he kiko iki wale ia ma mua o ka awelika o ka 36 pakeneka. Ma ka piko o OECD ʻo Pelekane me ka ʻauhau ʻauhau o 54 pakeneka, ua loaʻa iā Austria ʻo 47,1 ka pakeneka, ʻO 36,7 ka keneka. Ma ka hapanui o kēia mau ʻāpana he hapa o ka ʻauhau kālā a me nā hāmeʻa e mālama like e like me ka inikua olakino, ʻokoʻa a ka ʻona hana ʻole, ka ʻinikua no nā ʻihi a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. No laila, loaʻa ke kōkua pono i ka nohona kūloko e ke aupuni mai ka ʻauhau hoʻolimalima, ka mea e hāʻawi ai i nā kamaʻāina i ka manaʻo.
"He mea maikaʻi nui mākou," wahi a 38 makahiki papahana ʻo Nicoline Skraep Larsen, nona nā keiki ʻelua a keu a ʻeono paha. Ma Tenemaka, he manuahi a noiʻi ʻia nā kula, no ka aʻo hiki ʻoe ke loaʻa i kahi kākoʻo kālā. Loaʻa ka hapa nui o nā haumāna i ka ʻaoʻao, ʻoi aku inā noho lākou i Copenhagen nui, akā ʻo nā mea nui loa ka mālama pono ʻana. "No laila nā poʻe a pau i ka manawa e hoʻopaʻa ai, ʻaʻole nui ka kālā a kāu mau mākua," wahi a Nicoline. No laila ua hoʻomaʻamaʻa maikaʻi ʻia nā Danes, ʻo ia hoʻi kahi ʻoi kālā kiʻekiʻe. Ma Danemaka, hele aku nō ia me ka ʻōlelo ʻole e hana like ka wahine a me nā kāne. Hiki i ka wahine ke noho ma ka home no hoʻokahi makahiki ma hope o ka hānau ʻana o kahi keiki, no ka manawa ma hope manawa e lawa ʻia nā wahi keiki e uku ʻole ʻole ʻia.
He mea nui nā keiki a me ka ʻohana ma Denmark. "Ua ʻae mau ʻia ʻo ia e haʻalele i ka keʻena ma mua no ka mea ʻoe e pono e koho i nā keiki." Kūmole, nā hola hana o ka pule i Denemaka he mau hola 37, akā he nui e wehe i ka pona i ke ahiahi inā moe nā keiki. ʻAʻole manaʻo ʻo Nicoline ʻaʻole ino. Hana paha ʻo ia iā 42 mau hola i ka hebedoma, ʻaʻole naʻe ʻoi e noʻonoʻo i ka hana ʻoihana, no ka mea e mahalo ʻo ia i ka maʻalahi maʻalahi.

Hoʻolauna ʻo ka SPI ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi hale kūpono i Tenena. Ka poʻe ʻaʻole i loaʻa ka lawa, me ka manawa manawa e kali nei, ka manawa no ka hoʻolimalima hale hale, a ʻoi paha ka hapalua o ka hapalua e like me ka hapalua. ʻOiai inā e ʻeha ʻoe, e poina i kāu hana, ʻaʻole i ʻole a makemake ia e hoʻi - no ka pilikia o ka pilikia o ka Danes, he ʻoihana pūnaewele. Ke mālama ʻia nei hoʻi nā kuleana o nā kamaʻāina ʻoiai, ʻoiai ke mālama ʻole ʻia ʻo Denemaka i nā makahiki i hala nei e kahi neʻe nānā i ka ʻākau i ʻEulopa a me ka hōʻike kuhihewa i nā mea haʻalele me nā malihini. No kekahi poʻe, ʻoi loa ka pōmaikaʻi o ka lehulehu a ua hoʻopiʻi lākou e uku lākou i nā kālā i ka poʻe ʻē aʻe (no kēlā kumu ke hana ʻole), nānā ʻo Klaus Pedersen.

Hauʻoli ma o ka hilinaʻi & hoʻohaʻahaʻa

E ʻōlelo e ʻoi aku ʻoe ma mua o ka mea ʻē aʻe ma mua o kahi kapu i Denmark. Ua wehewehe ʻo ka mea kākau ʻōlelo Kelemania -ʻo Aksel Sandemose i ka 1933 i loko o kahi moʻolelo e hoʻokani nei ma ke kauā moʻolelo o Jante. Mai ia manawa, kapa ʻia kēia pahu kapu iā "Janteloven", ʻo "kānāwai ʻo Jante".

Ka Hana Manaʻo Jante - a hauʻoli?

ʻO ke kānāwai o Jante (Kelemania / norw .: Janteloven, Swedish.: Jantelagen) kahi huaʻōlelo kū i ka wā e hele ana i ka moʻolelo Aksel Sandemose (1899-1965) "He Refugee e mākaʻikaʻi i kāna alahele" (En flyktning krysser sitt spor, 1933) , Ma loko, ua wehewehe ʻo Sandemose i ka milieu liʻiliʻi noʻonoʻo i ke kūlanakauhale ʻo Denia i kapa ʻia ʻo Jante a me ke kaomi e hoʻokūkū i ka ʻohana a me ke ʻano kaiāulu i ka keiki makua ʻo Aspen Arnakke.
Ua hoʻomaopopo ʻia ke kānāwai o Jante ma ke ʻano he kānāwai o ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā rula pili i ka lāhui o ka moʻomeheu Scandinavian. Ma ke ʻano he nui ka aie i ka lehulehu i ka lehulehu ma muli o kona ka pilina. aia kekahi poʻe i ke kānāwai o Jante ʻo ke kaohi o ke kanaka a me ke kūkulu pilikino.
I ka hiʻohiʻona anthropological, hiki i ka Janteloven ke kuhikuhi i kahi hanana kūlohelohe o Scandinavian i loko o ka launa ʻana: i ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa i ka lā e pale aku i ka huikau a hoʻopaʻa i ka kūleʻa o ka puʻuwai.
de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Janteloven

Akā ʻo nā mea a pau ʻaʻole e wehewehe i ke kumu no ka Danes ʻaʻole wale nō e noʻonoʻo i ka holomua o ka olakino, akā ʻo ka noekoi, ka poʻe hauʻoli loa i ka honua. ʻO kahi pane i ka mea i hāʻawi ʻia e Christian Bjørnskov, mea noiʻi ma ke Kulanui o Aarhus: "ʻO Denmark a me Norekona nā ʻāina i hilinaʻi nui loa i nā poʻe ʻē aʻe." Ma nā ʻāina ʻelua, ʻo 70 ka pakeneka o nā poʻe pane i ʻōlelo ai ka hapa nui o ka poʻe. i ke koena o ka honua, aia wale nō ka hapa 30. ʻO ka hilinaʻi kekahi mea e aʻo ai mai ka hānau ʻana, he moʻomeheu moʻomeheu, akā ma Denmark ua hoʻokumu maikaʻi ʻia, wahi a Christian Bjørnskov. Hoʻolālā pololei ʻia nā kānāwai a mālama ʻia, hana maikaʻi ka hoʻokele a lōlū ʻia hoʻi, loaʻa ʻole ka hewa. Ua manaʻo ʻia he hana pololei nā mea a pau. Hoʻomaopopo ʻo Klaus Pedersen i kēia: "ʻO wau wale nō ke hana ma ka lima lima."
Noho ʻo Klaus ma Switzerland no kekahi mau makahiki, kahi e haʻahaʻa loa ai nā ʻauhau a haʻahaʻa ka loaʻa ʻana o nā pōpilikia pili. Ua kau ka Pūnaewele ʻOhana ʻO Switzerland i ke hā ʻehā a me ka lima o ka SPI 2017. ʻAno ʻē loa nā ala i ka hauʻoli.

Pūnaewele Holomua ʻIno - hauʻoli?

Ua helu ʻia ka Social Progress Index (SPI) mai 2014 e kahi hui noiʻi e alakaʻi ʻia e ka ʻekepekema ʻo Michael Porter o ke Kula ʻo Harvard Business no nā ʻāina āpau o ka honua i loaʻa nā ʻikepili nui; i kēia makahiki 2017, nā ʻāina 128. Kūkulu ʻia ia ma ka waiwai o nā haʻawina e nā hui kūwaho a me nā hui e pili ana i ka nohona ola, ke olakino, ka mālama ola, ka hoʻolako ʻana i ka wai a me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana, ka hale, ka palekana, ka hoʻonaʻauao, ka ʻike a me ke kamaʻilio, ke kaiāulu, nā kuleana kanaka, ke kūʻokoʻa, ʻae a me ka hoʻopili. ʻO ka manaʻo ka loaʻa i kahi hoa kalaki i ka huahana o ke kaiāulu (GDP), he ana wale nō i ke kūleʻa o ka hoʻokele waiwai wale ʻana o ka ʻāina, ʻaʻole naʻe ka holomua kūloko. Kuhi ʻia ka ʻikepili e ka hui nonprofit Social Progress Imperative, e pili ana i nā hana a Amartya Sen, Douglass North a me Joseph Stiglitz, a ke manaʻo nei e hāʻawi i ka hoʻokō ʻana o nā Sustainable Development Goals.
ʻO Denemaka ka holomua kiʻekiʻe o ka nohona me nā poʻina 90,57, a ukali ʻia e Finland (90,53), Iceland a me Norewai (kēlā me 90,27) a me Switzerland (90,10). ʻIke maikaʻi ʻo Denemaka i nā wahi āpau, koe wale nō ma nā ʻōlelo o ke olakino a me ka manaʻolana ʻana i ke ola, ʻo ia ka awelika o 80,8 mau makahiki; Ua hōʻike aku nā haʻawina e ʻike kiʻekiʻe ana ka tabule a me ka inu ʻona.

Ua nalowale ka Alpine Republic kahi wahi i hoʻohālikelike ʻia i ka makahiki i hala, akā helu mau nō ia i ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi o kēlā mau ʻāina me ka holomua ʻana o ka nohona. I ka hoʻopōmaikaʻi ʻana i nā pono kanaka maʻamau, ʻo ʻAmelika pū kekahi e hoʻokō i ka 5. Ma kahi o ka loaʻa o nā hale noho kūpono a me ka palekana pilikino, ke komo pū nei kēia māhele i ka inu wai a me nā mea pono hale. Ma nā papa inoa ʻē aʻe ʻelua he nui "Fundamentals of Well-being" a "ʻOihana a me nā manawa" Austria kahi i loaʻa iā 9 a me 16. ʻOiai ʻo ka hopena maikaʻi loa, ma lalo nei o ka waiwai i manaʻo ʻia ma kekahi mau wahi. Inā hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka GDP me ka pae o ka holomua o ka nohona, aia kahi manaʻo koʻikoʻi e hopu, ʻoiai me ka pili i nā manawa like a me ka hoʻonaʻauao ʻana a me ka hoʻomanawanui ʻana.
Me ka hōʻike piha o 64,85 Social Progress Index o nā māka 100, ʻike mākou i ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka makahiki ma kahi makahiki (2016: 62,88 mau kihi). ʻOiai ke holomua nei ka holomua o ka nohona honua, ʻokoʻa loa ia i loko o ka hōʻino a me ka wikiwiki, e pili ana i ka wahi. Ua loiloi ka Pūnaehana Holomua Pūnaewele i nā ʻāina 128 ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa no 50 makaalona a me nā mea pili i ke kaiapuni.
www.socialprogressindex.com

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