Sonja
ʻO ka hapa nui o nā poʻe o Central Europe i kēia mau lā e hoʻokaʻawale i ka waiū, e ʻae mākou i kahi mutation gen. Ma muli o ke hiki i ke kanaka ke hoʻokaʻawale i ka waiu waiu (lactose), kahi hana maoli i mālama ʻia e ke ʻano na nā keiki wale nō. ʻO ka lactase enzim, kahi pono no ia, hoʻomohala i hope i ka wā o ka wā.
ʻOiai ʻo nā holoholona e like me nā holoholona, hipa a me nā kao i hoʻolako i ka Middle East a me Anatolia a puni ka 11.000 i mea e hoʻokaʻawale i kā lākou huahana, pono lākou e hana ʻia ma o nā kaʻina kūikawā e like me ke kīwī a i hana paha i ka yoghurt. I ka wā i hele aku ai kēia mau mea mahiʻai i Europa, ua hālāwai lākou me nā poʻe lawaiʻa a me ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana. Ma kahi o 8.000 mau makahiki i hala aku nei, ma mua o ka manawa i hoʻonoho ai nā poʻe mahiʻai mua, ua kū ʻia ka genation mutation. Mālama ʻo ia i ka hana lōʻihi o ka loli o ka enzyme lactase, kahi i hoʻolōʻihi ʻia i nā wā he nui a me nā poʻe pākahi e hoʻomoʻa i nā huahana susu. ʻEpekema ʻepekema mai Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz a me Ke Kulanui ʻO Ladana Lākana e manaʻo nei ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana o ka waiū ma ka wahi o kēia kau Hungary, Austria a i ʻole Slovakia ua kū mai.
wahine waiū
ʻO ka waiū kahi emulsion o nā protein, ka waiū kō a me ka momona o ka waiū i loko o ka wai; i nā huaʻōlelo ʻē aʻe, nā mea ʻaihue, nā protein, nā wikamina a me nā mea e pili ai i loko o ka wai. Hoʻololi nā kūlike o kēlā me kēia mea hoʻohui i nā ʻano holoholona i nā ʻano holoholona. Ke kū nei ka ʻai waiū ma ʻEulopa, me Kina a me India nā mākeke ulu. I ka 2012, 754 miliona mau tona o ka waiū (ʻAukekulia: 3,5 miliona mau tona, 2014) i hana ʻia ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa, he 83 pakeneka o ka waiū bipi.
Milk & CO2
Hōʻailona ʻo 65 ka nui o nā holoholona he "hoʻonui" i kēlā me kēia makahiki i ka honua. ʻAno lākou a ʻalowi a hoʻōla a hoʻoneʻe i nā hua metana, kahi paʻa ʻole e hoʻonaninani ana i ka pōʻaiila. Kahi ʻia, ʻike ʻia kēlā mau kumu āpau e ʻoi aku ka nui o ka lewa ma luna o ka honua o ka ʻiʻo a me ka ʻai ʻana i ka iʻa ma mua o ka hopena o ke kaʻina alanui. He mea maoli nō ia o ka helu ʻana e like me ka mea o ka pakeneka o ke anuanu o ka hau manuahi kuleana ke kuleana no ka ʻai o ka honua a me ka waiū. No kekahi, ʻo 12,8 kekahi, hele mai kekahi i ka 18 a i ʻole ma mua o ka 40 pakeneka.
No laila hiki iā mākou ke pōmaikaʻi i kēia lā mai ka waiū huahana kūlohelohe. "Hoʻohana ka bipi kau i kahi mea lapaʻau (mauʻu) no mākou a hoʻōla. ʻO kēia mea hana i ka waiū he protein nui a me ka mea hoʻolako calcium, "wahi a Michaela Knieli, ka loea no ka mea kanu no ka" make umweltberatung "ma Wina. ʻO ka waiū hou Australia no GM-free a kahi homogenized a pasteurized wale nō. "I mea kūpono, ʻo ka mea ia e puka ai mai ka bipi. ʻAʻole ʻoe e hāʻawi i kekahi mea. "Mai ke kūpaʻa o ka nānā aku, he mea nui ʻaʻole e hoʻopili i ka ʻai. No ke laʻana, pehea ka hihia o nā huahana kūlohelohe, kahi e kū pono ai ka hānai mai ka pāʻai ma muli o ka hopena o ka pōʻaiapuni? Loaʻa maikaʻi ʻia inā aia nā kau i nā kau.
ʻO ka waiū momona: mai ka pōʻai kūlohelohe
ʻOi aku ka nui o nā mea mahiʻai e huli ana i ka waiū mauʻu, kahi e hānai nui ai ka hānai ʻana i ka pōʻai maoli kūlohelohe. No laila, i ke kauwela, e ʻae ʻia nā pipi waiū hānai i ka mauʻu a me nā mea kanu mai nā he nahele, nā pāʻai a me nā wahie mauna a ʻo ia pū kekahi e hānai me ka mauʻu honu a me ka ʻai ʻana i ka hoʻoilo. ʻAʻohe meaʻai hānai. ʻO ka wai pua pua kamala mai ka "Ja! Natural. " Wahi a ka hui, 365 lā i ka makahiki e holo no ka bipi ma ka papahana, a ʻo 120 nā lā he nui no ka lawena a me ke koena o ka makahiki i ka playpen me ka puka o waho, ua pāpā ʻia ʻole ʻia. Hāpai ka poʻe mahiʻai Hummingbird mai ka "Back to the Origin" hāʻawi i nā bipi cairy 180 mau lā e noho ana i ka lewa, me nā lā 120 o ka hōʻea.
Ma kekahi ʻaoʻao, ʻoi aku ka noʻonoʻo i ka noonoo pono ʻana, ʻo nā momona momona i mālama ʻia i loko o ka hale waihona lāʻau ʻo ia kekahi pilikia e pili ana, e like me ka Knieli. ʻAʻole wale ia e pili ana i ka pilikia manure (Infobox). "Ka momona ʻia nā kīʻaha kiʻekiʻe e nā momona. Hiki i kēlā ʻahaʻaina ai ka ʻai mai ka makana. Ma ka ulu ʻole, hoʻopau ʻo ia i nā ʻalani nui o nā ʻōpū o nā holoholona ma mua o ka ʻōpū o nā mea ulana. "
ʻO ke ʻano ʻē
I ka hiki ʻana i ka waiū soy, he nui nō hoʻi ka mua e noʻonoʻo e pili ana i nā pilikia kumu lawena a me ka ʻenehana genetic. ʻO kahiʻoiaʻiʻo ʻaʻole kēia o nā lula no nā mea inu soya i loaʻa ma Austria e hōʻike ʻia e ka loiloi o ka makasina mea kūʻai aku: "Ma ʻehiku o ʻumikūmālua mau mea inu i hōʻike ʻia, hele mai nā soyy mai Austria. ʻAʻole nō wau i noʻonoʻo i kēlā, "wahi a Nina Siegenthaler, ka mea hānaiʻai i ka Verein für Konsumenteninformation (VKI). Loaʻa ʻia nā ala o nā meaola loea i hoʻohuli ʻia (GMO) i loko o nā mea inu ʻokoʻa i hōʻike ʻia.
Ma waho aʻe o kahi mea hoʻolako pū i ka soy Italia, ʻoi aku ka leo o nā mea hana ʻehā e pili ana i ke kumu o kā lākou waiwai nui no ka mea inu kīʻaha. ʻO ka ʻuala a me nā ʻalemona me nā kumu almond i hōʻike ʻia e "Konsument" ʻaʻohe ʻike o nā ʻāina kahi o nā kumu mua. He mea nui ia e hiki ke hoʻokolokolo inā pehea nā wai hoʻololi kūlohelohe maoli ʻoiaʻiʻo. ʻO nā mea hana i hoʻohālikelike ʻia e like me Joya, nona ka oat wai i hoʻopaʻa ʻole ʻia, haʻi ʻia e like me kahi o ka oat o Austria. "Inā soy, spelra a iʻa anei mai Austria mai, a laila oki ka wai lāʻau i hōʻino maikaʻi ʻia me ka waiū hou. ʻAʻole pono iaʻu e hānai a mālama i kekahi holoholona, e alakaʻi ana i nā kaila CO2 kiʻekiʻe, a he paʻakikī loa kekahi wahi e hele ana, "wahi a Knieli o" make umweltberatung ".
Nīkū Kalani: nā hānai he nui
Ina he inu pia a i ʻole mea waiu e hoʻokomo i ka huahana i hoʻopili ʻia, a laila ua hoʻohui ʻia nā ala, a no ka laiki, ua hoʻohui ʻia ka mākeke CO2. Kuhi liʻiliʻi: ʻuʻu māla e hana i nā mea nui o ka mēkana, e kū mau ana i ka wā a pau nā microorganism i ka ʻehā mea kanu mea kanu - ʻaʻole wale nō i loko o nā holoholona holoholona.
Eia kekahi, ʻike pinepine ka nui o ka arsenic i ka laiki, aia ma kāna ʻano anorganic ka pakanika i nā kānaka a me ka carcinogenic. ʻOiai ʻehā o ʻelima mau wai inu i noiʻi ʻia ma lalo o ke kumukūʻai i hoʻoholo ʻia e ka European Food Safety Authority, ua haʻi ʻia ka nūhou e ka mea e pono ai nā mea inu ʻono ʻole i nā pēpē a me nā keiki liʻiliʻi. ʻO ke kaʻina o ka fermentation ka mea e ʻoluʻolu loa i ka inu laima. Loaʻa maikaʻi ʻia ia e nā poʻe hoʻāʻo. "Akā ʻo ka mea huna ʻole: Ma muli o ka hana, ua loaʻa i nā mea ʻala ka nui o ka honi ma mua o kekahi wai inu, kahi i hoʻohui ʻia ai ke kō!", Wahi a Siegenthaler. "Mai kahi mea nui o ke olakino a me ka meaʻai, ʻo ka waiu laiki he kakala ma ka ʻaoʻao. Ke hoʻohālikelike nei ka māla ʻana i ka māla i ka nui o nā mea i ʻole e pili ana i ka pōpilikia, ʻo ka hoʻohui, e lawe ʻia ka laiki i ka hapalua o ka honua, "wahi a Knieli. He nui nā pono o ka waiu laiki no ka mea maʻi me nā mea maʻi. No ka mea, ʻaʻole e like me nā mea inu i hoʻoili ʻia, nā ʻami a i nā mea cereals ʻē aʻe, he mea kūʻokoʻa maoli ka mea ʻawaʻawa.
ʻO ka wai ʻona Almond: ʻaʻole maoli maoli
Pehea e pili ana i ka waiū almond? I kuhihewa, ua pili lākou i ka wā mai i ke Kaua Honua. Nui kāna hana i nā mea o nā lālani ʻōpala tetrapak-Bottled i kēia lā? Lā lōʻihi ka papa inoa o nā mea kanu, ʻike nā mea kūʻai aku, nā emulsifiers a me nā stabilizer i ka hapalua o nā inu ua hoʻāʻo. Eia kekahi, ua hoʻonui ʻia nā mea āpau (ʻoiai ʻaʻole i loaʻa ka waiū alemona i loaʻa ʻole). "E hiki anei iā mākou ke kamaʻilio i kahi huahana kūlohelohe? ʻO ka waiū he mea keu ʻē aʻe, "wahi a Siegenthaler. ʻOiaiʻo ka waiū Almond mai ka ʻono o ka manaʻo: "E hana maikaʻi nā Almonds i ka hoʻopuka CO2. Akā ʻo ka hapa nui mai US a ua hoʻohua ʻia me ka monocultures me nā pesticide kiʻekiʻe a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka wai. E mālama ʻia hoʻi nā mea inu alona me ka makaʻala! "Wahi a Knieli.
Ma ke ala, nā almond wai i hoʻāʻo ʻia e nā mea hoʻohana e loaʻa ana he ʻelua a ʻehiku paha mau kākā ʻalemona. "Nui nā wai i loaʻa i ka wai. E ʻike pono ʻoe e lawe ʻia ana ka wai ma ʻaneʻi a puni ka honua, "wahi a ka loea o" mamatay umweltberatung ".
No laila he aha ka mea maikaʻi, ka waiū a i ka waiū aila paha? Hoʻokahi hoʻokahi mea: ʻaʻole i loaʻa ka huahana kūpono. Loaʻa nā pono āpau a me nā hemahema. Knieli: "Inā ʻoe e hana i ka waiū mai ka oats a i kuʻi paha, ua ʻoki ʻo ia i ka waiū hou. Eia naʻe, loaʻa ka waiū o nā mea kanu i ka hoʻopili olakino. Hoʻoikaika pū ʻia ka wai paʻakai. ʻAʻole hana ʻino ia iā ʻoe inā ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke kū. "
intolerance
Ka laulā o ka maʻi lactose e pālahalaha ana i kā mākou latitude. Ma ʻElopa ʻEkopa, aia wale nō ma kahi o 60 ka nui o ka heluna o kēia mau lā e hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale i ka waiū waiū, aʻo ʻAropaʻEulopa e like me Scandinavia a me Ireland, ʻo 90 ka pakeneka. I loko o ʻEulopa maʻEulopa, aia wale nō ma kahi o 20 pakeneka, a hiki ma Asia, he liʻiliʻi loa ka poʻe i ʻae i nā huahana dairy. Inā nele ka lactase o ka enzyme, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale kahi kōpili waiū a noho mau i ka pua. Aia kahi hoʻoiho e ka huakini e like me ka lactic acid a me ka carbon dioxide, kahi hiki ke alakaʻi i nā poʻe me ka lactose intolerance i ka ʻeha o ka ʻōpū, nā hōʻuluʻulu, ka flatulence a i ʻole nā maʻi laʻa.
Photo / Video: Shutterstock.
