Sonja
Ukudla "Okuhlanzekile": Abalandeli bokudla "okuhlanzekile" bagxile kokudla okungokwemvelo kakhulu, okungafinyeleleki, okunekhwalithi eyi-organic. Esikhundleni sokusebenzisa amasoso owenziwe ngomumo noma isobho le-packer, i-Clean Eater ingakuphekela, ngokulungiselela okulula kakhulu. Ushukela nofulawa omhlophe akayona i-taboo, njengoba kudla ukudla okusetshenziswe kahle futhi ukudla okusheshayo. Isibonelo, kunezithelo, imifino, inyama, inhlanzi, amaqanda, okusanhlamvu okuphelele okusanhlamvu, izindle namantongomane asele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho uyothenga, ubheka uhlu lwezithako: amehlo, ukunambitheka, izithuthukisi zokunambitheka noma izithako ezenziwe ngokucace kakhudlwana ezinjengobisi lobisi, i-sweetener noma isitashi esishintshiwe? Ungahambi ngokudla okuhlanzekile, "okuhlanzekile".
Umondli uMarlies Gruber ubona ngokwezinga elithile ukuthi kuzwakala kanjani njengomqondo wokudla okunempilo: "Kukhona ukubekezelela okukhulu, lapho kungekho khona isidingo sokuthola umbono wokudla okunempilo," kusho umqondisi wesayensi we- "forum.ernährung heute", Inhlangano Yokukhuthaza Ulwazi Lwezondlo. Futhi kusho mayelana nokungabaza okujwayelekile kubakhiqizi bokudla, ukudla okusetshenzwe kahle, amaswidi, ufulawa omhlophe noma izengezo. Funda okuthile kumalebula ongakwazi ukuwahlukanisa. Kepha imvamisa nazo ziyizithako zemvelo, njengenani lezithasiselo. "I-apula ingahle ibe nezithasiselo eziyishumi nambili, umuntu kufanele ayimake."
umsoco imiqondo
Umkhuba wokuqala owaziwayo wokudla kwakuwukudla okukhulu. Ngemuva kokuncishwa kwezimpi zezwe ezimbili, abantu badla "amapuleti wokudla" ngesikhathi sasemva kwempi, okwaba yinyama kuphela. Ekugcineni, ukwazile ukuyikhokhela - futhi ufuna ukwenza lokhu kube ngumphakathi. Ngokushesha i-pendulum yaguqukela kwelinye uhlangothi: Manje kumenyezelwe impilo. Ukudla okuphelele kufanele kube seminyakeni ye-70er, kunempilo futhi kungokwemvelo ngangokunokwenzeka. Kwaqhubeka nokudla okungajwayelekile, ukwenziwa komzimba kolayini onqenqemeni. Futhi kwi-90ern, amanoni amabi ayengasasebenzi kahle, enomsindo emikhiqizweni elula. Namuhla ukuthambekela kokudla okuhlanzekile, ukudla kwamatshe okwenziwe ngamatshe noma i-freegan.
Esinye isibonelo se-glutamate engathandeki: Usawoti we-glutamic acid uqukethwe, ngokwesibonelo, ubisi lwebele, amakhowe, i-parmesan noma utamatisi. "Ngokuphikisayo, ungasho ukuthi ukudla kwase-Italy kunambitheka kahle ngoba ngokwemvelo kuqukethe ubukhazikhazi obuningi," kusho umondli.
Ngokuyisisekelo, umqondo awumusha: "Kukhumbuza kancane ngenani lokudla le-70er. Ngaleso sikhathi, nokho, bekuzinza okuthe xaxa, ngokwezemvelo, kwezomnotho nakwezokuhlalisana futhi kungaphansi kakhulu empilweni yomuntu, ”kusho uGruber. Lokho uvamile ukungabazi ngopende omnyama nomhlophe, ukwahlukaniswa kokudla kokuhle nokubi, kuvunyelwe futhi akuvunyelwe. "Lokho akunangqondo. Akukho ukudla okukodwa okulungile kuphela. ”Kuya ngephethini yonke yokudla.
Buyela emvelweni
Ngaphansi kwegama uPaleo, umqondo wokudla okunempilo usiya ngokuya uthandwa, ngokusho kwabaqambi, ngokusekelwe ekudleni kwePaleolithic. Kumenyu kukhona ukudla okwamukelwa ngabazingeli kanye nababutheli: inyama, inhlanzi kanye namaqanda eziluhlu zamahhala, imifino, amakhowe, izithelo, amantongomane nembewu, uju ne-maple syrup ngaphandle kwalokho. Njengoba ezolimo nemfuyo yethulwa emuva kwesikhathi emlandweni wesintu, zihlukaniswa nokudla kwe-Stone Age ngokuthi "azifanele izinhlobo zezilwane". Ngakho-ke i-Taboo iyimikhiqizo yobisi, okusanhlamvu, kodwa futhi noshukela, izinsalela, uwoyela wemifino ocolisisiwe kanye namafutha nokudla okusetshenziwe. Kutholwe phezulu ngomqondo ohlobene nezempilo: Njengoba izindunduma nezinhlamvu zinama-antibodies asuselwa ezitshalweni (ama-lectin) no-phytate (phytate), okuvimbela ukufakwa kwamaminerali athile futhi kuvimbele ama-enzyme wokugaya ukudla, kubhekwa njengokuyingozi. Amakhekhe namazambane nawo aqukethe i-carbohydrate, ephakamisa ngokushesha ushukela wegazi futhi ililahle ngokushesha nje. Ngakho-ke uPaleo uthembisa ukuvikela izifo zokuphila ezifana nesifo sikashukela noma umfutho wegazi ophakeme.
Ngakho-ke kuyini ngomqondo wokudla kwe-Paleo? I-Nutritionist Gruber igxeka isimo sengqondo ngemikhiqizo yokusanhlamvu nemidumba, phakathi kwezinye izinto: “Ngombono wezempilo, okusanhlamvu nezinhlamvu zemidumba kunconywa kakhulu. Banikeza ama-carbohydrate, okumele enze cishe isigamu samandla kagesi, kanye nenhlanganisela yamaprotheni ephezulu, i-fiber kanye nenqwaba yama-micronutrients. ”I-Phytic acid ayithathi hlangothi yi-enzyme phytase. Kutholakala okusanhlamvu nasezwaneni, konke okufanele ukwenze ukuthoba emanzini ngaphambi kokuwadla. Ama-lectin amaningi nawo awathathi hlangothi ngenxa yokushisa. Akekho odla imifino eluhlaza. Yebo, ukube bekungekho umlilo, bekuzodingeka senze ngaphandle kwawo. Ukufihla ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukufudumeza ukudla futhi kukwenze kugayeke kufane nokungamukeli intuthuko, ”kusho umqondisi wesayensi. Kwezinye izindawo zokuphila, abantu bazoyazisa kakhulu intuthuko. "Cishe abalandeli bakaPaleo basebenzisa indiza, imoto noma ibhayisekili futhi banamakhompyutha nama-Smartphones. Futhi bambalwa kakhulu abazozixosha ngokwabo ngendlela ye-Stone Age noma basebenzise inani elilinganayo lamakhalori njengoba benzile ngaleso sikhathi.
Ubuye futhi abheke ukubuka okubucayi kwemikhiqizo engaphambili yobisi nemikhiqizo yobisi, okuwumthombo omuhle wamavithamini we-calcium nama-B. Ukwehlukaniswa kweshukela okuyisigaba nakho akunangqondo. "Ngokombono wokuziphendukela kwemvelo, amaswidi aletha amandla futhi kuwuphawu lokuthi izithelo sezivuthiwe, zinambitheka kahle futhi azinabuthi." Ngakolunye uhlangothi, iPaleo, kunemikhawulo ebingadingeki, ngakolunye uhlangothi inyama igcizelelwa kakhulu. “Kepha iningi labantu lidla okungaphezulu kwenele. Ukudla inyama ephansi kodwa, kungahlotshaniswa nezinzuzo zezempilo nezemvelo, ”kusho uGruber ngemiqondo yokudla okunempilo.
Ukudla esikhundleni sokulahla
I-Freeganism ishukunyiswa kancane emphakathini nakwezenhlalo. Ukugxekwa kokuziphatha kwabantu ngokuqondene nezilwane kanye nemvelo, kepha futhi ngobungxowankulu, inzuzo yezimilo, abamele lokhu kudla kube kumafulegi. IFreegan yakhiwa ngesiNgisi "samahhala" nesithi "vegan". Okudliwayo yilokho abanye abakulahla. Esikhundleni sokusebenzisa imali ekudleni, babutha ukudla kwabo lapho kutholakala khona ngokukhululeka. Phakathi kokunye, izimpahla ezingashiwongo ezivela ezitolo ezinkulu noma ezitolo ezinkulu zemakethe kanye nama-biotunes ayazinikela. Ngakho-ke amaFreegans afuna ukubeka uphawu ngokumelene nomphakathi olahliweyo, owonqenqemeni kanye nokuchitha izinsiza.
UGruber ubona i-freeganism, eyaziwa nangaphansi kwemigomo yesiqukathi noma i-dumpster diving, njengomnyakazo owenziwa ngabantu abodwa njengohlobo lwe- "tattoo yomphakathi": "Kukhona ukudideka okukhulu eqinisweni lethu eliyimpilo. Ukujoyina umkhuba kuyinto ehlukanisayo futhi ukukhonjwa ngamanani kungenza indawo yempilo - ngokwesibonelo ukudla - kube lula. ”Ikakhulu ukulandela izindlela zokudla kuzokwenza impilo ibe lula kwabaningi ngobuningi esiphila kubo. Njengama-automatisms adala "isinqamuleli esinqunyiwe" futhi esivame ukuphumela ekupendweni okuqinile okumnyama nomhlophe kokudla okuvunyelwe nokungagunyaziwe futhi ngaleyo ndlela kudale isihlahla sesinqumo esinjalo.
Ukudla okufanele?
"Akekho umuntu olandela umkhuba impilo yonke," kusho uGruber. Cishe amaphesenti angama-80 abantu abasebenza ngokugcotshwa kwezidakamizwa kanye nemifino ababebuya ekudleni okuxubile phakathi nempilo yabo. Ngeshwa, kuseyindlela engcono kakhulu yokudla okuvela ekudleni okondlayo: "Ukudla okulinganiselwe nokudla okumibalabala okuhambisana nezinkathi ezithile zonyaka nezesifunda - lokhu kuholela ezinhlobonhlobo noma kunjalo." Ukudla okufanelekile kuzolile kakhulu, kusekelwe ezitsheni ngezithelo nemifino eminingi, okusanhlamvu namazambane , imikhiqizo yobisi namaqanda, inyama nenhlanzi. Imiphumela yokudla kwaseMedithera mihle. Ukudla okwenziwe nge-ovo-lacto-imifino (ngemikhiqizo yobisi namaqanda) nakho kunikeza konke okudingayo lapho kuhlanganiswa kahle ndawonye. Ululeka ngokuqinile ama-vegans ukuthi abhekane kakhulu nokudla. "Kukhona izakhi zomzimba lapho kufanele ubhekisise khona. Isibonelo calcium (Imifino noma amaminerali amanzi) noma Vitamin B12 (imikhiqizo ethuthukisiwe noma isengezo). "Kepha abesifazane abakhulelwe, abesifazane abancelisa ibele, izingane ezisencane kanye nasebegugile abalulekwa ukuthi badle i-vegan."
Kubalulekile nokuthi sidla kanjani, kusho umondli wezempilo. "Ngakho-ke: sidla nobani kumuphi umongo? Ngabe sithatha isikhathi sethu? Siyayijabulela? Sikukhetha kanjani ukudla, sikuthola kuphi futhi ngaphansi kwamiphi imigomo ye-eco-social? Lokhu kubonakala kubaluleke kakhulu kimi, njengokungathi sidla kuphela izithelo noma sishiya ezinye izithasiselo. "
I-ABC encane yemiqondo enempilo
Uhlobo legazi Ukudla:
Ucabanga ukuthi lokhu kudla kufanele kususelwe eqenjini legazi: Ekuqaleni kobuntu, kwakunohlobo lwegazi kuphela i-0 (inyama yokuzingela egcizelelwa, gwema i-wholegrain). Esikhathini se-Neolithic yathuthukisa ezolimo kanye nemfuyo kanye neqembu legazi A (umlimi - imifino, angakwazi ukucubungula imikhiqizo yezilwane kabi). Kamuva, iqembu legazi B (ama-nomads - omnivores) lazalwa. Kwakungekho kuze kube yinkulungwane edlule lapho iqembu legazi le-AB lithuthuka ngokuxutshwa kuka-A no-B (okumangazayo - ukubekezelela ukolweni, ukugwema inyama). Iqembu ngalinye legazi kufanele liphendule ngendlela ehlukile kuma-lectins (izindunduma, okusanhlamvu) okugoqana negazi.
Ukubuyekezwa: akufakazelwe ngokwesayensi.Ukudla Okuhlanzekile:
Ukudla okulula futhi okuphekwe ngokudla okuphekwe ngangokunokwenzeka (okuphathekayo uma kungenzeka), ukugwema ushukela, ufulawa omhlophe, i-legumes nokudla okukhiqizwe kahle.
Ukugxekwa: ukulahlwa kwamagwala nemikhiqizo yezimboni ukunqunyelwa okungadingekile.Flexitarians:
Imvamisa idla imifino uma imnandi, kepha futhi ngezikhathi ezithile inyama. Izimo zinjalo.freegan:
Yondla ngalokho abanye abakulahla. Inhlangano yezokuhlalisana kwabantu ekubhikisheni ekwelashweni okwenzelwe inzuzo kwabantu, izilwane kanye nemvelo. Ukudla kwe-Vegan ngezizathu zokuziphatha.Frutarian:
Lokhu kudla kwe-vegan akuvikeli izilwane kuphela kepha futhi nezitshalo. Yidla kuphela ukudla kwemifino okungabhubhisi isitshalo: izithelo, amantongomane, amasimu, imifino, ezinye imbewu nezinhlamvu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, azikho nezilimo eziyizigaxa, imifino enezimpande, isiqu noma imifino enamaqabunga.
Ukugxekwa: Ukungondleki kungenzeka.Ukudla kwe-Ketogenic:
Amaprotheni amaningi namafutha esikhundleni sikashukela nama-carbohydrate: Umzimba uvame ukuthola amandla awo kushukela, ophukile kusuka kuma-carbohydrate. Uma kutholakala ama-carbohydrate anganele, uhlasela ukufakwa kwamafutha, okuvela kuwo isibindi sakha imizimba ye-ketone. Sebenzisa phakathi kwabanye isithuthwane kanye nokuphazamiseka okuthile kwe-metabolic, futhi njengokudla okulwa nomdlavuza (amaseli we-tumor adinga i-glucose ekukhuleni kwawo) aqothulwe.
Ukugxekwa: Akudingekile ukuze kube nempilo, sebenzisa njengokudla okuphikisana nomdlavuza.ukudla Khanyisa:
Indlela engokomoya lapho ukudla (futhi kwesinye isikhathi okuwuketshezi) kusatshalaliswa nakho, ngoba wonke amandla adingekayo angatholakala kokukhanya.
Ukugxekwa: Ingozi yokufa, ingozi yokuphelelwa ngumzimba kanye nokulimala kwezinso.macrobiotics:
Ifilosofi yokudla okungenamsoco lapho kudliwa khona ama-wholegrain okusanhlamvu (ikakhulukazi irayisi), imifino, izindunduma, ulwelwe nosawoti, kwesinye isikhathi kube nezinhlanzi ezithile. Inyama nemikhiqizo yobisi ayashiywa.
Ukugxekwa: izimpawu zokushoda kungenzeka.UPaleo - Ukudla Kwama-Stone Age:
Ukudla okunempilo kuphela ngokudla okuvela kwi-Stone Age: inyama, inhlanzi kanye namaqanda ezilwane ezinohlobo lwamahhala, imifino, izithelo, imbewu, amantongomane. I-Taboo: Imikhiqizo yobisi, okusanhlamvu kanye nemidumba, ushukela, ukudla okusetshenzisiwe.
Ukugxekwa: Amaprotheni amaningi kakhulu ezilwane, ukushiywa okungafunekiyo kokusanhlamvu nemidumbaPescetarier:
Inhlanzi edla imifino, kanye nemikhiqizo yobisi namaqanda.ukudla zokusetshenziswa:
Ukudla okunempilo ngokudla okungafuthelwanga ngenhla kwe-42 ° C (Dörren). Kungenzeka njengefomu le-vegan (imifino, izithelo, amakhowe, amakhambi, uwoyela, amantongomane kanye nembewu) noma imifino (ngemikhiqizo yobisi eluhlaza namaqanda) noma i-omnivor (inhlanzi nenyama eluhlaza nososeji).
Ukugxekwa: izimpawu zokushoda okungenzeka, ukudla okuluhlaza kunzima kakhulu ukukugaya, izinkinga zokuhlanzeka (isib. I-Salmonella).Vega:
Ukulahlwa ngokuphelele kwemikhiqizo yezilwane yazo zonke izinhlobo, kusuka enyameni kuya ezinhlanzini nakobisi kuya emaqanda. Isibonelo, uju noma i-gelatine icacisile amajusi. Ngefomu eliqinile, eminye imikhiqizo yezilwane efana nesikhumba, uvolo, izimpaphe noma usilika iyenqatshwa.
Ukugxekwa: izimpawu zokushoda kungenzeka.Veggan:
Ukudla kwe-Vegan kepha kufaka amaqanda. Akumukelwa imigwaqo eqinile njengoba amachwane amaduna ngokuvamile abulawa lapho kukhiqizwa inqwaba.
Ukugxekwa: Sibonga ukukhahlela kwamaprotheni, amavithamini kanye nensimbi ukuthuthuka okuhle kokuhlukahluka kwe-vegan.
Okuningi mayelana umsoco ongcono futhi impilo lapha.
Photo / Video: Ugogo.
